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Digital EE569 Image Processing (08/29/2008) HOMEWORK #1 Watermark Technology, Image Enhancement, Noise Removal Issued: 08/29/2008 General Instructions: 1. This document and all the mentioned files are posted under the Assignments folder on DEN website: http://den.usc.edu. 2. Homework submission and return will be handled electrically ONLY. Both on-campus and off-campus students should complete the submission by 5PM Pacific Time on the due date. No late submissions will be accepted. A. Submission A complete submission should contain two files: one report file (*.doc (MS Word) or *.pdf) and one compressed file (*.zip, *.rar, *.tar, or *.gz) containing your source code. The naming of these two files should be EE569_hw#1_YourStudentID_YourLastname.* Links to the submission folders will be provided on the DEN website along with the assignment. Please upload you report file and zipped source code file to the corresponding folders. The report should include, but not limited to the following: a. Description of your motivation b. Description of your approach and procedures c. Results d. Discussion of your approach and results e. Your answer to the non-programming questions, if any The compressed file should include the following ONLY a. Your source code (C/C++/Matlab ONLY) b. Compiling and executing instructions Please do NOT include any image data files or executables. There are some restrictions if you are using Matlab, for example, Image Processing Toolbox (except the imshow() and image()) are NOT allowed. Please refer to homework submission guidelines for more details. B. Return The grade and the graded assignments will be posted on DEN Website by the due day of the next assignment. TA will make announcement regarding grader s office hours later. 3. Please refer to the web sites for USC policy on academic integrity and the penalties for cheating and plagiarism. These rules will be strictly enforced. Due: 09/19/2008 -1- Problem 1: Gray Scale Images and Visible Watermark Technology (30%) (1) Obtaining Gray-Scale Image from Color Image (10%) In a gray-scale image, each pixel has the value of only one component to record its brightness (Y: 0 ~ 255). In a RGB color image, each pixel has the value of three color components (Red, Green, and Blue, respectively) to record the combined color. Suppose that the brightness Y of a pixel and its R, G, B components have the following relationship: Y = 0.299 R + 0.587 G + 0.114 B The following sample images are color and gray-scale image of our Electrical Engineering Building. (a) Color Image (b) Gray-Scale Image Figure 1. Color and Gray-Scale Image of EEB.raw Please convert the color image Doheny.raw to its gray-scale image and show the resultant image in your report. Figure 2. Color Image of Doheny Library Doheny.raw Hint) 1. For your convenience, sample codes are provided to perform raw image file I/O in C/C++/Matlab. You may use imshow() and image() function in MATLAB to display the image. 2. Color raw images are provided in 8-bit depth, interleaved format. -2- (2) Embedding Watermarks into Original Image (20%) Digital watermarking is the process of embedding information into a digital signal called the host. The host signal can be audio, pictures or video. In visible watermarking, the information is visible in the picture or video. Typically, the information is a logo that identifies the of owner the media. Now, we want to embed the USC logo in Figure 3 into the EEB.raw image in the upper left corner. After the embedding, the resultant images are shown in Figure 4. (a) Color Image (b) Gray-Scale Image Figure 3. USC Logo (a) usc_logo_color.raw (b) usc_logo_gray.raw (a) Color Image (b) Gray-Scale Image Figure 4. Watermark Embedded EEB.raw Please implement a program that embeds the color USC logo in the center position of color image Doheny.raw in Figure 2. Please also implement a program that embeds the gray-scale USC logo in the center position of Doheny.raw gray-scale image obtained from Problem 1 (1). Please describe your procedure clearly and show the resultant images in your report. -3- Problem 2: Image Enhancement (30%) Please implement two contrast manipulation techniques; i.e., full range linear scaling and histogram equalization, to enhance the three low contrast rose images in Figure 5 (a), (b) and (c). (a) Dark image (b) Middle image (c) Bright image Figure 5. (a) rose_dark.raw (b) rose_mid.raw (c) rose_bright.raw Describe the procedure and show the resultant images. Plot the histograms of all images (3 inputs and 6 outputs), and the transfer functions (6 functions). Compare and comment on the performance of the two methods. If you implement your code in Matlab, the use of hist() and related functions are NOT allowed. -4- Problem 3: Noise Removal (40%) Please implement programs for noise removal under the following condition. (1) Gray-level image (20%) Figure 6(b) is an example of embedded uniform noise. Figure 6(c) is an example of embedded impulse noise. Please remove the noise from these two images, and compare with the original image in Figure 6(a). What are the proper choices of filters and parameters? Justify your selections and discuss your results. (a) Original Image (b) Uniform Noise (c) Impulse Noise Figure 6. (a) pepper.raw (b) pepper_uni.raw (c) pepper_imp.raw (2) Color image (20%) Figure 7(b) is a color image, where each channel is embedded with mixed noises. As a result, colors are disrupted. Please try your best to remove the noise, and compare with the original image as shown in Figure 7(a). Describe and justify your algorithm. (a) Original Image (b) Mixed Noise Figure 7. (a) rose_color.raw (b) rose_color_noise.raw -5- Appendix: Image Files and Sample Codes used in HW #1 Problem1: Gray Scale Images and Visible Watermark Technologies Figure 1 EEB.raw Figure 2 Doheny.raw The above two are 256x256 8-bit depth, interleaved RGB images. Figure 3 (a) usc_logo_color.raw The above is 128x128 8-bit depth, interleaved RGB images. Figure 3 (b) usc_logo_gray.raw The above is 128x128 8-bit depth, gray image. Problem2: Image Enhancement Figure 5 (a) rose_dark.raw Figure 5 (b) rose_mid.raw Figure 5 (c) rose_bright.raw The above three are 256x256 8-bit depth, gray images. Problem3: Noise Removal Figure 6 (a) pepper.raw Figure 6 (b) pepper_uni.raw Figure 6 (c) pepper_imp.raw The above three are 256x256 8-bit depth, gray images. Figure 7 (a) rose_color.raw Figure 7 (b) rose_color_noise.raw The above two are 256x256 8-bit depth, interleaved RGB images. Sample Code: readraw.m writeraw.m readraw.cpp MATLAB source code provided to read in grayscale raw image files MATLAB source code provided to output grayscale raw image files C++ code provided to read in and output grayscale raw image files -6-
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Berkeley >> CIV ENG >> 130 (Fall, 2008)
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY College of Engineering Mechanics of Materials (CE130-I) Fall 2005 The First Mid-term Examination Problem 1. A hollow circular shaft has the dimensions shown in the gure. (a) Find the maximum shear stress in terms...
USC >> BME >> 527 (Fall, 2008)
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CE 130 : Section 1 : Fall 2006 : Dr. Shaofan Li HW 2 1.37, 1.40, 1.41, 1.46, 2.2, 2.13 Due date: Wednesday, Sept. 13 at 2pm 1 ...
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Berkeley >> CIV ENG >> 131 (Fall, 2008)
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Berkeley >> CIV ENG >> 131 (Fall, 2008)
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Berkeley >> CIV ENG >> 131 (Fall, 2008)
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY College of Engineering Advanced Mechanics of Materials (C131) HOMEWORK V (due on next Friday) Problem V-1 The state of stress at a point is 7 = 2 0 2 5 0 0 0 M Pa 3 (1) Decompose this stress tensor into the di...
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Berkeley >> CIV ENG >> 131 (Fall, 2008)
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Berkeley >> CIV ENG >> 131 (Fall, 2008)
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY College of Engineering Advanced Mechanics of Materials (C131) HOMEWORK I (due on next Friday) Problem I-1 Simplify each of the following expressions by employing the summation property of the Kronecker delta. Perf...
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Berkeley >> CIV ENG >> 131 (Fall, 2008)
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Berkeley >> CIV ENG >> 131 (Fall, 2008)
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Berkeley >> CS >> 150 (Fall, 2008)
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Berkeley >> CS >> 194 (Fall, 2008)
CS 161 Fall 2005 Joseph/Tygar/Vazirani/Wagner Computer Security HW 2 Due Friday, October 14 at 11am Please include the following at the top of the first page of your homework solution: Your full name Your login name The name of the homework assi...
Berkeley >> CS >> 161 (Fall, 2008)
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Berkeley >> CS >> 194 (Fall, 2008)
Watermarking Doug Tygar How can we mark data We want to protect data: Video, sound, music (Digimarc, Intertrust, etc) Programs (Collberg, Thomborson) Statistical data Examples of \"traditional\" protection methods: False entries in biographical d...
Berkeley >> CS >> 161 (Fall, 2008)
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Berkeley >> CS >> 194 (Fall, 2008)
CS 161 Fall 2005 Computer Security Joseph/Tygar/Vazirani/Wagner Notes 18 We will consider the following authentication scheme: the user selects a number N = P Q product of two large primes, and a number y = x2 mod N. The server is given N, y an...
Berkeley >> CS >> 161 (Fall, 2008)
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Berkeley >> CS >> 161 (Fall, 2008)
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UCF >> ZOO >> 3733 (Fall, 2008)
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UCF >> ZOO >> 3733 (Fall, 2008)
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Berkeley >> CS >> 161 (Fall, 2008)
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Berkeley >> CS >> 194 (Fall, 2008)
CS 161 Fall 2005 Joseph/Tygar/Vazirani/Wagner Computer Security HW 2 Solution 1. (4 pts.) Any questions Any constructive responses is given full credit. 2. (20 pts.) PGP If you emailed your TA with a correctly signed encrypted message you will r...
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