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FINAL 1 STUDY GUIDE DANCE 45 FINAL STUDY GUIDE Russian Revolution 1917 czar was best dancer; also funded ballets; communist take over and ballet become classical Anna Pavlova - dancer. Was in Dying Swan. Toured extensively. Was influenced by Isadora Duncan who was more expressive than Pavlova. Claim to fame was Dying Swan. Very lady-ish. Glamorous. The Dying Swan - 2 min piece Folkine chorepgraphed for Pavlova Ballet Russe - Russian ballet started in mid 1800s. Led by Diaghilev. Diaghilev - producer of Ballet Russe. Made ballet a modern art. Launched carreer of Stravinsky & 5 20 th century choreographers. Leon Bakst - Costume and set designer. Did Fokine`s Firebird and Najinski`s Afternoon of a Fawn Pablo Picasso - Costume and set designer. Did Fokine`s Firebird and Najinski`s Afternoon of a Fawn Fokine - choreographer of Ballet Russe under Diaghilev. broke tradition. Compact, one-act ballets. Did Firebird, Spectra de La Rose, and La Sylphide Fokine`s 5 major principles Les Sylphides - has no plot, but instead consists of many sylphs dancing in the moonlight with the poet or young man.; short, nonnarrative ballet blanc. Its original choreography was by Mikhail Fokine, with music by Fr d ric Chopin orchestrated by Alexander Glazunov Scheherazade - Scheherazade, Op. 35, is a symphonic suite composed by the prolific Russian composer Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov in 1888, and is based on The Book of One Thousand and One Nights. Cleopatre choreographed by Fokine commoner wants sex with cleo and it is said he must die after he gets to Petrouchka - a ballet with music by the Russian composer Igor Stravinsky. It is a story of a Russian traditional puppet, Petrushka, who is made of straw and with a bag of sawdust as his body, but who comes to life and has the capacity to love, a story superficially resembling that of Pinocchio. Le Spectre de la Rose - a ballet of the Ballets Russes based on a choreographic poem by Th ophile Gautier. The music, by Carl Maria von Weber, was taken from his short piece Invitation to the Dance. Choreography was by Michel Fokine and set and costume design by L on Bakst. It premiered by the Ballets Russes in the Th tre de Monte Carlo. About a debutante who falls asleep after her first ball. Nijinsky - choreographer of Ballet Russe under Diaghilev. First dancer then choreographer. Suffered from Schizophrenia. Fired by Diaghilev. Afternoon of a Faune - Choreographed by awakening of adolescent sexuality. Expressed Freud`s influence on the unconscious. Debussy - a central figure in all European music at the turn of the twentieth century. His music virtually defines the transition from late-Romantic music to twentieth century modernist music. In French literary circles, the style of this period was known as Symbolism, a movement that directly inspired Debussy both as a composer and as an active cultural participant. Jeux - used tennis movements. Sexual tension between three people. Rite of Spring - caused an uproar. Maiden dancing herself to death for crops. Stravinsky - composer. Career started by Diaghilev. Rudolph Nureyev - performed for Joffrey Ballet as Nijinski. Defected from Russia in 1961 to America. Died of AIDS Defected from Russia Political Asylum Robert Joffrey and ballets commissioned by Joffrey from unproven choreographers, as well as works by such respected choreographers as George Balanchine, Alvin Ailey and Twyla Tharp.He died in 1988 of AIDS Joffrey Ballet Massine - Nijinski as choreographer of Ballet Russe. Did Parade and Three Covered Hat Diaghilev revived Sleeping Beauty with Massine choreographing but it was financial failure. Parade - piece by Massine. Costumes and sets done by Picasso Three-Cornered Hat same as Parade Nijinska - followed Nijinska as choreographer of Ballet Russe. Left ballet Russe. Les Noces - about a peasant wedding. Le Train Bleu - did curtain. Coco Chanel did costumes. Used swimming, golf, tennis movements. Anton Dolin - in Le Train Bleu. Very good at acrobatics Coca Chanel - did costumes for Le Train Bleu Suzanne Linglor wife of Balanchine and choreographed performance together include don Quito Milhaud - a French composer and teacher. He was a member of Les Six - also known as the Groupe des Six - and one of the most prolific composers of the 20th century. His compositions are particularly noted as being influenced by jazz and for their use of polytonality (music in more than one key at once). George Balanchine - came to America around time of stock market crash. Created New York City Ballet and was choreographer. Used Stravinsky`s music frequently. Known for abstract ballets. Believed in movement as narrative. Apollo Agon - ancient Greek word meaning contest or challenge. It is a formal debate which takes place between two characters, usually with the chorus acting as the judge. The character who speaks second always wins the agon, since the last word is always his. Four Temperaments - 2 Africanist aesthetic Lincoln Kirstein - wanted Balanchine to come to America New York City Ballet (NYCB) Arthur Mitchell principle dancer, 1st African American in major ballet company Dance Theater of Harlem opened by Mitchell American Ballet Theater (ABT) - based in New York City, is one of the foremost ballet companies of the 20th century, and a leading dance company in the world today.There are four levels within the company (in rising order): A Studio Company, a Corps de Ballet, the Soloists, and the Principals. The company was originally founded in 1937 as the Mordkin Ballet, and then reorganized in 1940 with a new name as the Ballet Theatre, with direction from Lucia Chase and Rich Pleasant. In 1956 it became the American Ballet Theatre, and has kept name that ever since. Isadora Duncan - Very expressive dancer. Is the beginning of modern dance. Successful in Europe before U.S. didn`t wear a corset; had lose clothing, bare feet. Thought Greeks were last civilization that appreciated human form. Woman activist. Loie Fuller - actress ad singer, did a bit of ballet. Did solo movement pieces. Fuller skirt`--long flowing skirt. Ruth St. Denis - married Ted Shawn Denishawn - by the couple. Advocated eclectic dance of oriental, Spanish, American indiant, and classic ballet. Main school in LA. Made dance respectable for young women as a career. Members include Martha Graham, Doris Humphrey, Charles Weidman, & Lewis Hoarst. 19th Constitutional Amendment vote - women right to vote Margaret Sanger fled to france; sent contraceptives and diaphrams Louis Horst - musician. Graham`s mentor. Taught dance composition through many fields such as music. and other arts. Martha Graham - left Denishawn. Was all about pelvic contracting and release. Sharp movements using core muscles. Choreographed a lot of Greek myths. Acts of Light Pelvic contraction and release used in acts of light Percussive movement sharp musical movement Doris Humphrey - choreographer. Concept of fall and recovery.` said with each step we are between two deaths. Fall & Recovery are between two deaths, death and rebirth The Art of Making Dances - book, dance manual. Rebelled against in the 60s. Charles Weidman - studied and performed with Denishawn before leaving to form the Humphrey-Weidman school and company with Doris Humphrey and Pauline Lawrence Jose Limon choreographer and lead dancer; powerful physique gave weight and energy to movement, said body parts are like instruments in an orchestra Rudolph Laban - worked for Hitler as Director of Dance. Got fired because too self expressive/individualistic Mary Wigman - German modern dance. Hanya Holm - opened up school & becomes choreographer. Alvin Ailey - died of AIDS. Famous dancer and choreographer. Paul Taylor - Avant-Garde dancer in 50s. Did piece where he just stood onstage and got the blank review. Avant-Garde - People often use the term in French, English, and German to refer to people or works that are experimental or novel, particularly with respect to art, culture, and politics. Aureole - solo piece performed in 60s--passed down after him. Merce Cunningham - very involced in contemporary music. Choreographed to the stopwatch. Very Avant-Garde. Andy Warhol did set. John Cage - an American composer. He is perhaps best known for his 1952 composition 4'33", whose three movements are performed without playing a single note. He was a pioneer of chance music, non-standard use of musical instruments, and electronic music Robert Ellis Dunn - musician hired by Cunningham to choreograph. teach cases in choreography in Cunningham studio. Through everything out the window. Very post-modern. Postmodern Dance - a 20th century concert dance form. A reaction to the compositional and presentation constraints of modern dance, postmodern dance hailed the use of everyday movement as valid performance art and advocated novel methods of dance composition. Judson Church - Avant-Garde artists Twyla Tharp born 1941 had huge background in dance, acrobatics, instruments and even gypsy dance; did Deuce Coup as well as dance in silence and dance heard but not seen. Alwin Nikolais - very Avant-Garde. Motion itself was expressive--didn`t need emotion. Put props on human body. Created music, light, set, and dance. Tensile Involvement - dance with the bands and strings Pilobolus - dance/choreograph group. Lived on farm and choreographed collectively Monkshood Farewell - body connecting; jousting piece HIV/AIDS - brought narrative back into contemporary dance Choreographers who died from AIDS Bill T. Jones Afro-carribean who challenged issues such as homosexuality, gender bias, racism and unfashionable body types, did workshops. Still/Here 1994;about people dealing with terminal issues, had projection in background of people telling stories of hardship Joe Goode - dance with man and boy. Boy asking where someone else is. Very playful and acrobatic. A lot of dialogue. Deeply There - a dance about AIDS 3 Mikhail Baryshnikov - defected from Russia and sought political asylum in US. Danced for Balanchine. Ran American Ballet theatre for 9 years. Defected from Russia Political Asylum Garth Fagan - modern dance choreographer is the founder and Artistic Director of Garth Fagan Dance, a modern dance company based in Rochester, NY Lion King - directed by Julie Taymor, and featured actors in representational animal costumes as well as banraku and shadow puppetry. Vandekeybus Savoy Ballroom - only place where blacks and whites could dance together Lindy Hop - showed influence of African American culture. Jitterbug - white adaptation of Lindy hop in 40s. Buddy Dean Show - was a teen dance television show that aired on WJZ-TV in Baltimore, Maryland from 1957 until 1964, similar to Philadelphia's American Bandstand. The show was taken off the air because it refused to integrate black and white dancers. Busby Berkeley - Goldiggers 1935. Huge tap number. Ruby Keeler - main girl in Berkeley`s huge production Fred Astaire & Ginger Rogers - Career spanned a total of 76 years, during which he made 31 musical films. He is particularly associated with Ginger Rogers, with whom he made ten films that revolutionized the genre. Tap Dance Mix of African American slave dancing and Irish jig. Nicholas Brothers - very flexible, fast tempo, gymnastic-like dance. Did Down Argentine Way Shirley Temple Bill Bojangles Robinson - was a pioneer and pre-eminent African-American tap dance performer.

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