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Biogeography I (Kelt)
Course: WFC 010, Fall 2007School: UC Davis
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Global Biodiversity 5400 mammals 9000 birds 6000 reptiles 4000 amphibians >26,000 fishes >250,000 plants Upwards of 10-50 million species in total! Biogeography I Biomes and Ecoregions WFC 10 D. A. Kelt Understanding the geographical distribution of this diversity is the subject of biogeography. Historical Biogeography: the history of groups of animals and of land masses. Ecological...
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Global Biodiversity 5400 mammals 9000 birds 6000 reptiles 4000 amphibians >26,000 fishes >250,000 plants Upwards of 10-50 million species in total! Biogeography I Biomes and Ecoregions WFC 10 D. A. Kelt Understanding the geographical distribution of this diversity is the subject of biogeography. Historical Biogeography: the history of groups of animals and of land masses. Ecological Biogeography: the factors occurring today that influence where species are found, and why. Ecological Biogeography Primer Distribution of biomes "A major type of natural vegetation that occurs wherever a particular set of climatic and soil conditions prevail, but that may contain different taxa in different regions" (Lomolino et al. 2006) Ecological Biogeography Primer Distribution of biomes "A major type of natural vegetation that occurs wherever a particular set of climatic and soil conditions prevail, but that may contain different taxa in different regions" (Lomolino et al. 2006) Globally, about 6 major forms of terrestrial vegetation Forest Woodland Shrubland Grassland Scrub Desert Global Biomes <a href="/keyword/deciduous-forest/" >deciduous forest</a> Tundra Taiga Alpine Grasslands Chaparral Desert Scrub Savanna <a href="/keyword/rain-forest/" >rain forest</a> Desert 1 Tundra Tundra Alaska Taymir Peninsula, Siberia Tundra Tundra Snowy Owl Red-breasted Goose Arctic Fox Arctic willow Musk Ox Snow Bunting Mosses Polar Bear Taiga Taiga China Siberia Finland Siberia Canada 2 Taiga Great Gray Owl <a href="/keyword/deciduous-forest/" >deciduous forest</a> Marten Pine Grosbeak Common Loon Wolverine Snowshoe Hare Nova Scotia <a href="/keyword/deciduous-forest/" >deciduous forest</a> <a href="/keyword/deciduous-forest/" >deciduous forest</a> Coyote Red Squirrel Europe China Great Smoky Mountains Black Bear Bald Eagle Michigan White-tailed Deer Alpine Alpine Glacier N.P. Glacier N.P. Glacier N.P. 3 Alpine Alpine Belding's Ground Squirrel Pika Vicugna Snow Leopard Alpine chipmunk Ibex Marmot Mountain Goat Alpine Grassland & Savanna Cassin's Finch Black Rosy Finch Black-headed Sierra Finch Kansas Grasslands Savannas Flamingo Uganda Grassland Grassland Mongolia Russia Hungary Pronghorn Badger Black-tailed Prairie Dog Black-footed Ferret Bison Kansas 4 Grassland Savanna Aplomado Falcon Ferruginous Hawk Meadowlark Kenya Sage Grouse Prairie Chicken Savanna Savanna Scarlet Ibis Sable Antelope White Rhinoceros Rufescent Tiger-heron Gray Seedeater Savanna Hawk White-tailed Nightjar Elephant Giraffe Jabiru Stork Vulturine Guinea Fowl Chaparral Chaparral San Jacinto Mtns. Stebbin's Cold Canyon Chaparral Vegetative Mosaic Southern California Inland Chaparral (Kern Co.) 5 Chaparral Gray Fox Chaparral Bewick's Wren Red-tailed Hawk Ringtail Raccoon Mockingbird Turkey Vulture Black-tailed Jackrabbit Skunks Anna's Hummingbird White-crowned Sparrow Coyote Bushtit Common Towhee <a href="/keyword/rain-forest/" >rain forest</a> - Tropical <a href="/keyword/rain-forest/" >rain forest</a> - Tropical Amazonia Congo Costa Rica Costa Rica New Guinea <a href="/keyword/rain-forest/" >rain forest</a> - Tropical <a href="/keyword/rain-forest/" >rain forest</a> - Tropical Peacock Lion Tamarin Bongo Prevost's Squirrel Lesser Bird of Paradise Sloth Lowland Gorilla l'Hoest's Monkey Tapir Sumatran Rhinoceros Crowned Lemur Bushpig Jaguar 6 <a href="/keyword/rain-forest/" >rain forest</a> - Tropical Orchids <a href="/keyword/rain-forest/" >rain forest</a> - Temperate Ndoki (Congo) Tarantula Corcovado (Costa Rica) Poison Dart Frogs Sumatran Rhinoceros Olympic National Park <a href="/keyword/rain-forest/" >rain forest</a> - Temperate <a href="/keyword/rain-forest/" >rain forest</a> - Temperate Pacific Northwest New Zealand <a href="/keyword/rain-forest/" >rain forest</a> - Temperate Northern Spotted Owl Desert & Desert Scrub Gray Jay Chestnut-backed Chickadee Pacific Tree Frog Dogwood Sahara Desert 7 Desert & Desert Scrub Gobi Desert Desert & Desert Scrub Ocotillo and Saguaro Joshua Tree Dudleya Death Valley Thar (India) Claret Cup Cactus Cholla Hedgehog Cactus Kara Kum (Turkmenistan) Yucca Namib Desert Agave Desert & Desert Scrub Desert & Desert Scrub Fennec Onager (Wild Ass) Pachypodium South Africa Namib Desert Welwitschia South Africa Long-eared Hedgehog Jerboa Desert & Desert Scrub Abert's Towhee Biomes of North America Tundra Taiga Montane Forest Long-eared Owl Bk-throated Sparrow Roadrunner ("beep beep") Harris' Hawk Temperate <a href="/keyword/deciduous-forest/" >deciduous forest</a> Tropical Rainforest Grasslands and Savannas Deserts and Semideserts Mediterranean Scrub (includes Chaparral) http://fp.bio.utk.edu/botany120lect/Biomes/biomemap.htm Scaled Quail Bk-chinned Hummingbird 8 Biomes of California Tundra Taiga Montane Forest Temperate <a href="/keyword/deciduous-forest/" >deciduous forest</a> Tropical Rainforest Grasslands and Savannas Deserts and Semideserts Mediterranean Scrub (includes Chaparral) Bioregions of California 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Sierra Nevada Klamath Mtns Cascade Range Coast Ranges Transverse Ranges Peninsular Ranges Great Basin Desert Mojave Desert Sonoran (Colorado) Desert Cismontane Southern California Pacific Northwest Deserts 10. Sacramento Valley San Joaquin Valley Great Central Valley Klamath Mtns. Cascade Range Modoc Plateau North Coast Ranges Sacramento Valley Sutter Buttes Sierra Nevada S.F. Bay Delta San Joaquin Valley Central Coast Ranges Basin and Range (Great Basin) OK, so now what? In the next lecture . . . Q: How does an understanding of climate help you understand the global distribution of species? A: By understanding the global distribution of key biomes and habitats! tropical rainforest (temperate too!) deserts etc. Mojave Desert Transverse Ranges Los Angeles Basin Channel Islands Peninsular Range Sonoran Desert Salton Basin And . . . . . . how can a basic understanding of climate help you understand local patterns here in California? Winter vs. summer weather What is "upwelling" and how does this affect our wildlife (and fish)? Why does San Francisco have so much fog? (don't all coastal areas?) Why are redwoods found on the Central California Coast? Why are giant sequoias found only at certain elevations in the Sierra? Why is Palm Desert so much hotter/dryer than Riverside (only 70 mi.)? 9
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