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201 PHYSICS Lab 2. Graphing 1-D Motion Introduction: In this lab you will use a motion detector to plot position-time velocitytime and acceleration-time graphs. You will make sketches in your notebooks of the graphs you produce using the motion detector. These should be rough but neat sketches, labeled according to each type of motion (relative speed, direction toward or away from the detector, etc.) so you will have a clear record of what you have graphed. Do not attempt to include numerical values on your sketches. Write a summary of what you have learned after each part, in answer to the Stop and Think questions. For your report: Work Question 18 and Problem 23 from Chapter 2. Submit with the HOMEWORK pages (11 18) next week. (Do not use LabWrite.) Using the Equipment: We will use LoggerPro software. Make sure the switch to the ULI (located on top of each PC) is turned on. Double-click the LoggerPro icon on the desktop. From the pull-down menu at the top of the screen, select the following: File Open Experiments Probes and Sensors Motion Detector Motion Detector When you click once on the START button, your motion detector will send out a series of sound waves (clicks) that will reflect off an object and be detected. The detector cannot detect an object that is closer than about 50cm or farther than a few meters. You may want to use a 2-m stick placed on the floor as a 1-D coordinate system. To change your viewing options, select the following: View Graph Layout One Pane (chose distance, velocity or acceleration) If you want to view more than one graph at a time, select the appropriate number of panes and check the desired boxes. Part One: Distance-time graphs A. Choose one pane, and select distance, if not already shown on your screen. Investigate the general shape of the curves produced when you vary the following: a) the direction of your motion (toward or away from the detector) b) the speed of your motion (slow, medium, fast) c) the uniformity of your motion (consistent speed or changing speed) d) any other investigations you want to try Based on your investigations, your group should predict the general shape of the graph produced when a person starts at the 1 meter mark, walks away from the detector slowly and steadily for 4 seconds, stops for four seconds, and then walks quickly toward the detector. Once you have made a prediction, do the experiment. Move in the way described and sketch the graph of your motion. 7 PHYSICS 201 Lab 2. Graphing 1-D Motion B. Matching a Distance Graph From the pull-down menu, choose the following: File Open Experiments Physics with Computers Experiment 01 Graph Matching Try to move in such a way as to match the distance-time graphs in Exp 01b and Exp 01c. You may try a number of times. Allow everyone in your group a chance to try at least one of the two experiments. C. Curved distance-time graphs How must you move in order to make each of the following curved graphs? Try it, and describe the motion in your notebooks. Stop and Think, Part One: How does a position graph show the different directions of motion? How does a position graph show different speeds of motion? How is a position graph of uniform motion (steady, constant speed) different from a graph of non-uniform motion? Part Two: Velocity-time graphs Choose: File Open Experiments Probes and Sensors Motion Detector Motion Detector A. Set up the page to view the velocity graph only. Investigate velocity-time plots for the same four types of motions as described in Part One A (a) through (d). Just draw the smooth patterns; leave out the bumps that are mostly due to your steps. Repeat each motion until you have fairly smooth graphs. Allow everyone in your group to try at least one of the motions. 8 PHYSICS 201 Lab 2. Graphing 1-D Motion B. Predict (sketch) the graph for the following motion which consists of several consecutive parts (all on the same graph): Walk away from the detector slowly and steadily for 4 seconds, then Stop for 3 seconds, then Walk toward the detector steadily about twice as fast as before for 3 seconds Compare your graph with your group and see if you can all agree. Then do the experiment and sketch the results in your notebook. You may have to adjust the time scale: Setup Data Collection Sampling 10 second (experiment length) Stop and Think, Part Two: Velocity is a vector, meaning it has both speed and direction. How do your graphs differentiate between motions in different directions? The speed is the magnitude of the velocity. How do your graphs differentiate between motions at different speeds? What does a graph of (uniform steady speed) motion look like? Finally, is it possible for an object to move so that it produces an absolutely vertical line on a velocity-time graph? Explain. Part Three: Velocity Graphs from Distance Graphs Set up the program to view two graphs on the same screen (distance and velocity) (see p1 to change the viewing options). Before you try the following, make a prediction (in your notebook) of what the velocity graph will look like for the distance graph shown below at left (the velocity graph does not go with the distance graph!) Do not worry about the numerical values, just try to match the shapes of the curves. a) DISTANCE versus TIME b) VELOCITY versus TIME (predict velocity graph) (predict distance graph) After each person has made their prediction, compare and discuss. Then do the experiment. Try to make a distance graph as close to the one shown as possible. When you have made a reasonably close graph, sketch the velocity and distance graphs in your notebook. (Do not erase your prediction!) Repeat the procedure for the velocity graph shown, predicting the distance graph and then reproducing it. 9 PHYSICS 201 Lab 2. Graphing 1-D Motion Stop and Think, Part Three: i) How would the distance graphs be different if you moved faster? Slower? ii) How would the velocity graphs be different if you moved faster? Slower? iii) How can you tell from a velocity graph that the object has changed direction? What is the velocity at the moment the direction changes? iv) How can you tell from a distance graph that your motion is steady (moving at a constant velocity)? v) How can you tell from a velocity graph that your motion is steady? vi) Average velocity is defined as x/ t. How is the velocity of an object related to the slope of the position-time graph? Part four: Velocity and Acceleration Graphs In order to achieve uniformly accelerated motion, ramps and low-friction carts will be used for the remainder of this lab. Practice pushing the cart from the bottom of the ramp such that the motion detector registers the motion. You will give the cart a gentle push and allow it to move up the ramp then roll back. Please do not let the cart collide with the detector! Also, make sure that you do not get your hands or body in the way of the detector. By changing the location of the detector, you will investigate four motions: slowing down moving towards and speeding up moving away from the detector (when the detector is at the top of the ramp), then slowing down moving away and speeding up moving towards the detector (when the detector has been moved to the bottom of the ramp). Set up your graph to view 3 panes: distance, velocity and acceleration. Set the ramp at a low angle by propping it on the wooden block so it is raised about 2 . Place the detector at the top end of the ramp, the cart at the bottom end of the ramp. Hit collect and give the cart a gentle push (not so hard that it will hit the detector!). Allow the cart to move up and then down the ramp. Ignore the parts of the graphs that correspond to times before you released the cart and after it stopped at the end of the ramp. Sketch the distance, velocity and acceleration curves. From the pull-down menu, choose Analyze and then Examine to determine the accelerations (record both the sign and the magnitude) for each part of the motion. The graphs should be relatively smooth. If not, repeat until they are. To graph the other two motions, move the detector to the bottom of the ramp and repeat the procedure. Take care not to change the ramp s incline angle. Stop to think: Part Four i) How do your distance graphs differ from those for steady (constant velocity) motion? ii) What feature of the velocity graphs shows that the motion was away from the detector? What feature of the velocity graph shows that the motion was speeding up? iii) Make a chart like the one below and fill in the values of the acceleration for each of the four motions (magnitude as well as +/- sign). How do the magnitudes compare? Acceleration table Speeding up Slowing down iv) Average acceleration is defined as v/ t. How could you determine the average acceleration of an object from a velocity-time graph? 10 Moving towards detector Moving away from detector PHYSICS 201 Lab 2. Graphing 1-D Motion 11 PHYSICS 201 Lab 2. Graphing 1-D Motion 12 PHYSICS 201 Lab 2. Graphing 1-D Motion 13 PHYSICS 201 Lab 2. Graphing 1-D Motion 14 PHYSICS 201 Lab 2. Graphing 1-D Motion 15 PHYSICS 201 Lab 2. Graphing 1-D Motion 16 PHYSICS 201 Lab 2. Graphing 1-D Motion 17 PHYSICS 201 Lab 2. Graphing 1-D Motion 18
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PreLab Lab 2.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> PHYS >> 201 Fall, 2008
Description: PreLab: To be completed before 2:50 on Thursday, due at the start of the lab period. Name: _ Date: _ First, carefully read the description of the lab. Required reading: Chapter 2, sections 1 through 5. Next, answer the following questions about the l...
PreLab Lab 3.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> PHYS >> 201 Fall, 2008
Description: PreLab: To be completed before 2:50 on Thursday, due at the start of the lab period. Name: _ Date: _ Lab 3: Acceleration of gravity Required reading: Chapter 2, Section 7. Next, answer the following questions about the lab: 1. What are the objective...
projectiles.xls
Path: Mary Baldwin >> PHYS >> 201 Fall, 2008
Description: Part 1: Determining launch speed x denotes a data enrty is required angle x (m) y (m) 0 x x 0 x 0 x 0 x 0 x average t (calc) 0.00 vo (calc) #DIV/0! Part 2: Non-level launch angle 30 40 45 50 60 x (exp) x x x x x yo (exp) x x x x x vox voy #DIV/0! #D...
PreLab Lab 4.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> PHYS >> 201 Fall, 2008
Description: PreLab: To be completed before 2:50 on Thursday, due at the start of the lab period. Name: _ Date: _ Required reading: Chapter 3, Sections 7 & 8. Pay particular attention to examples 3-6, 37, 3-10, and 3-11. Next, answer the following questions about...
5.Vectors 2008.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> PHYS >> 201 Fall, 2008
Description: PHYSICS 201 Lab 5. Vectors and Forces Plan to stay the entire lab period. Please take notes in your lab notebook, and work all required problems in your lab notebook. You do not need to submit a report in the Lab Write format. Work the problems nea...
PreLab Lab 5.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> PHYS >> 201 Fall, 2008
Description: PreLab: To be completed before 2:50 on Thursday, due at the start of the lab period. Name: _ Date: _ Required reading: Chapter 3, Sections 1 - 5. Next, answer the following questions about the lab: 1. On the back, briefly summarize each of the 5 sect...
PreLab Lab 6.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> PHYS >> 201 Fall, 2008
Description: PreLab: To be completed before 2:50 on Thursday, due at the start of the lab period. Name: _ Date: _ Required reading: Sections 4-1, 4-3, 4-4, 4-6, 4-7 and 5-1. Next, answer the following questions about the lab: Below is a sketch of a rectangular bl...
7.Gravitation 2008.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> PHYS >> 201 Fall, 2008
Description: PHYSICS 201 Lab 7. Gravitation Objectives: 1) To demonstrate an understanding of Newtons Universal Law of Gravitation, 2) To apply the idea of centripetal acceleration and artificial gravity to a rotating object by designing a space station, and 3)...
Artificial Gravity.pdf
Path: Mary Baldwin >> PHYS >> 201 Fall, 2008
Description: Mir Artificial Gravity Analysis, Intuitor.com Movie-Minilab Name _ Date _ Movie: Armaggedon (1998) Bruce Willis, Billy Bob Thornton, Ben Affleck, Liv Tyler Purpose: Determine if the artificial gravity on the Mir space station in the movie Armaggedon ...
PreLab Lab 7.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> PHYS >> 201 Fall, 2008
Description: PreLab: To be completed before 2:50 on Thursday, due at the start of the lab period. Name: _ Date: _ Required reading: Sections 6-1 through 6-4, and Sections 5-1 and 5-2. Next, answer the following questions about the lab: 1. What are the goals of Se...
PreLab Lab 8.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> PHYS >> 201 Fall, 2008
Description: PreLab: To be completed before 2:50 on Thursday, due at the start of the lab period. Name: _ Date: _ Required reading: Sections 7-1, 7-2 and 7-4, as well as the Background section of the lab. Next, answer the following questions about the lab: 1. Des...
PreLab Lab 9.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> PHYS >> 201 Fall, 2008
Description: PreLab: To be completed before 2:50 on Thursday, due at the start of the lab period. Name: _ Date: _ Required reading: Required reading: Sections 7-1, 7-2 and 8-2. Next, answer the following questions about the lab: 1. Write the expressions for gravi...
10.Collisions 2007.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> PHYS >> 201 Fall, 2008
Description: PHYS 201 Lab 10. Collisions Objectives: To make measurements leading to the momenta and kinetic energies of low-friction carts before and after collisions for determination of conserved quantities. Part One: Qualitative analysis of collisions Use t...
collisions.xls
Path: Mary Baldwin >> PHYS >> 201 Fall, 2008
Description: Names: DATA: Cart 1 mass 1 (kg) x x x x x x x x Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 4 watch +/- signs watch +/- signs vi (m/s) vf (m/s) x x x x x x x x Cart 2 mass 2 (kg) x x x x (at rest) vi (m/s) 0 0 0 0 watch +/- signs vf (m/s) x x x x CALCULA...
PreLab Lab 10.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> PHYS >> 201 Fall, 2008
Description: PreLab: To be completed before 2:50 on Thursday, due at the start of the lab period. Name: _ Date: _ Required reading: Required reading: Sections 9-2, 9-4, and 9-6. Next, answer the following questions about the lab: 1. Define momentum. Calculate the...
11.Ballistics 2007.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> PHYS >> 201 Fall, 2008
Description: PHYSICS 201 Lab 11. Ballistics Objectives: 1) To calculate the momentum of an object of mass m moving at a velocity v. 2) To apply conservation laws in order to predict the muzzle speed of a ballistic pendulum. 3) To use the range measurement and e...
PreLab Lab 11.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> PHYS >> 201 Fall, 2008
Description: PreLab: To be completed before 2:50 on Thursday, due at the start of the lab period. Name: _ Date: _ Required reading: Required reading: Sections 9-4, and 9-6. Next, answer the following questions about the lab: 1. Under what condition(s) is the mome...
12.Torque 2008.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> PHYS >> 201 Fall, 2008
Description: PHYSICS 201 Lab 12. Torque and Equilibrium Objectives: To investigate and apply the concept of torque to the following activities: 1. Determining the mass of an object without directly massing it. 2. Determining the mass of a meter stick without di...
PreLab Lab 12.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> PHYS >> 201 Fall, 2008
Description: PreLab: To be completed before 2:50 on Thursday, due at the start of the lab period. Name: _ Date: _ Required reading: Required reading: Sections 12-1 through 12-3. Next, answer the following questions about the lab: 1. What is the first condition fo...
13.SHM 2008 v2.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> PHYS >> 201 Fall, 2008
Description: PHYSICS 201 Lab 13. Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM) Background: A simple harmonic oscillator is a system that undergoes simple harmonic motion, SHM, defined according to the following: the RESTORING FORCE is proportional to the DISPLACEMENT. Two famil...
PreLab Lab 13.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> PHYS >> 201 Fall, 2008
Description: PreLab: To be completed before 2:50 on Thursday, due at the start of the lab period. Name: _ Date: _ Required reading: Required reading: Sections 14-1 through 14-3. Next, answer the following questions about the lab: 1. What is the condition under wh...
graphtutorial[1].pdf
Path: Mary Baldwin >> PHYS >> 201 Fall, 2008
Description: Name _ Partner(s) _ Graphing and Motion Tutorial Part I Graph Matching Match the Position Graph Use the mouse to drag the rear bumper of the toy monster truck (the red ball). The goal of this exercise is to match the position vs. time graphs as sho...
second law probs 48 50.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> PHYS >> 201 Fall, 2008
Description: Newtons Second Law Example: Problems 48 & 51, Ch 4 1. Read and re-read the problem carefully. 48. (The numbers have been changed.) A block has a mass m = 9.0 kg and lies on a smooth frictionless plane tilted at an angle of = 35.0 to the horizontal. ...
Art 238.STUDY GUIDE.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> ART >> 238 Fall, 2008
Description: Art 238: Art History study sheet Dr. Sara N. James Same format all tests and the final examination TO BRING: Bring 3-4 sheets of lined paper with a standard 1\" left margin to answer questions ,IIIV and a sharp #2 pencil or a decent pen. Write large e...
POPES.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> ART >> 238 Fall, 2008
Description: LATE MEDIEVAL AND EARLY RENAISSANCE POPES: Thirteenth to Late Fifteenth Centuries (c.1200-1378) Innocent III 1198-1216 (Lothar of Segni, from Roman noble family) Very important to medieval papacy. Nearly every European power submitted to papal power ...
Arth 238.s09.syl.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> ART >> 238 Fall, 2008
Description: ARTH 238: The Age of the Cathedrals Spring 2009 Mary Baldwin College Dr. Sara N. James MW 3:25-4:40 Phone and voice mail: 7195 Office: Deming 302 Website: http:/academic.mbc.edu/sjames/ e-mail: sjames@mbc.edu Office Hours: MW 1-2:30; T.Th. 2:50-4:00 ...
Chr_facts.ed.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> ART >> 238 Fall, 2008
Description: Christian facts for Medieval and Renaissance Art By Kate Melson The Virgin/ the Madonna/ Mary is the mother of Christ/ Jesus/ Jesus Christ/ the son of god. (She is not Mary Magdalene who is a controversial figure but is often depicted as a refo...
Church.notes.09.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> ART >> 238 Fall, 2008
Description: The Medieval Church: Notes on the church hierarchy and church buildings: Church hierarchy determines building types: Pope: Bishop of Rome; head of the (Roman Catholic) Church. Once elected, a pope governs for life. All popes are successors to St. Pet...
Syll 217 F 2008.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> THEA >> 217 Fall, 2008
Description: Theatre 217: Great Plays Syllabus Fall 2008 Date T Th T Th T Th T Th T WSun Th T Th T Th T Th T Th T Sept 2 Sept 4 Sept 9 Sept 11 Sept 16 Sept 18 Sept 23 Sept 25 Sept 30 Oct 1-5 Oct 2 Oct 7 Oct 9 Oct 14 Oct 16 Oct 21 Oct 23 Oct 28 Oct 30 Nov 4 *Plot ...
1-NOTES322.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> CHEM >> 322 Fall, 2008
Description: CHEM 322.1 MECHANICS QUANTUM MECHANICS = INADEQUACIES OF CLASSICAL The twentieth century experienced the overturn of Newtons model for the universe. What brought about this event? Failures of the Classical Model A. Heat Capacities: Kinetic theory ...
QUANTUM MECHANICS I.ppt
Path: Mary Baldwin >> CHEM >> 322 Fall, 2008
Description: Quantum Mechanics I INADEQUACIES OF CLASSICAL MECHANICS Failures of the Classical Model A. Heat Capacities B. Black Body Radiation C. Photoelectric Effect D. Compton Effect: 2 Heat Capacities Classical Model was based on the Equipartition Pr...
2-NOTES322.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> CHEM >> 322 Fall, 2008
Description: CHEM 322.2 Quantum Mechanics I The Quantum Mechanical Atom How do the new mathematics describe natural phenomena? To illustrate how an eigenvalue equation can produce a model for electron motion in atoms we will solve two problems: I. Unconfined T...
QUANTUM MECHANICS II.ppt
Path: Mary Baldwin >> CHEM >> 322 Fall, 2008
Description: Quantum Mechanics II The Quantum Mechanical Atom Solving Eigenvalue Equations I. Unconfined Translational Motion The Particle in Free Space II. Confined Translational Motion The Particle in a Box 2 Evaluation of the constant A required that t...
3-NOTES322.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> CHEM >> 322 Fall, 2008
Description: CHEM 322.3 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURE I This week we shall examine in greater detail how the Schrodinger atom explains the fine lines in atomic spectra and how the Schrodinger model treats multi-electron atoms. Fine lines involve two types of t...
4-NOTES322.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> CHEM >> 322 Fall, 2008
Description: CHEM 322.4 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURE II The next step was to solve the Schrodinger equation for molecules specifically, the hydrogen molecular ion, H2+. This Schrodinger solution not only demonstrated that the molecular ion should exist; it g...
5-NOTES322.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> CHEM >> 322 Fall, 2008
Description: CHEM 322.5 SPECTROSCOPY I First we consider why atoms and molecules interact with electromagnetic radiation: The answer lies in the electrical nature of light and of matter. For atoms, the interaction takes place through the change in angular momen...
SPECTROSCOPY I.ppt
Path: Mary Baldwin >> CHEM >> 322 Fall, 2008
Description: SPECTROSCOPY I IR and Microwave Electrical nature of light The Electromagnetic Spectrum 2 Units For Reporting Electromagnetic Energy Symbol Name nu v-bar omega Interpretation frequency in Hz wavenumber frequency in s-1 NOTE: = /2 3 Electri...
6-NOTES322.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> CHEM >> 322 Fall, 2008
Description: CHEM 322.6 SPECTROSCOPY II Transitions of loosely bonded valence electrons such as lone pair, or p electrons to anti-bonding orbitals are frequently on the order of 1 - 5 eVs (8,000 40,000 cm-1 or 200 - 1000 nm). These wavelengths are in the UV and...
SPECTROSCOPY II.ppt
Path: Mary Baldwin >> CHEM >> 322 Fall, 2008
Description: SPECTROSCOPY II UV-Visible and NMR UV and Visible Light the region from 2 x 10-7m to 4 x 10-7m (200 to 400 nm) is the ultraviolet region; the region from 4 x 10-7m to 8 x 10-7m (200 to 400 nm) is the visible region Electronic 2 Electrical nature ...
7-NOTES322.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> CHEM >> 322 Fall, 2008
Description: CHEM 322.7 STATISTICAL MECHANICS I Statistical mechanics (statistical thermodynamics) connects the microscopic to the macroscopic. Its goal is to predict all the thermodynamic properties of matter from the molecular properties of the atoms. Substan...
STATISTICAL MECHANICS I.ppt
Path: Mary Baldwin >> CHEM >> 322 Fall, 2008
Description: STATISTICAL MECHANICS I How It Works Statistical mechanics connects the microscopic to the macroscopic interprets thermodynamic properties from a molecular point of view; treats energy as being in levels populated according to the Boltzmann distr...
8-NOTES322.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> CHEM >> 322 Fall, 2008
Description: CHEM 322.8 STATISTICAL MECHANICS II Statistical mechanics, when used to calculate thermodynamic properties, is called statistical thermodynamics. Statistical thermodynamics not only interprets thermodynamic properties from a molecular point of view...
STATISTICAL MECHANICS II.ppt
Path: Mary Baldwin >> CHEM >> 322 Fall, 2008
Description: STATISTICAL MECHANICS II Calculating Thermodynamic Quantities Calculating Thermodynamic Quantities If we can write the Hamiltonian operator and If we can solve the Schrodinger equation for the energies of the systems possible quantum states, we c...
9-NOTES322.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> CHEM >> 322 Fall, 2008
Description: CHEM 322.9 KINETICS I Chemical kinetics is the study of how reactions occur. The study begins with the measurement of reaction rates. The rate of a reaction at any time during the reaction is the tangent to a plot of concentration vs time of a reac...
KINETICS I.ppt
Path: Mary Baldwin >> CHEM >> 322 Fall, 2008
Description: KINETICS I Rates and Rate Laws Reaction Rates Chemical kinetics is the study of how reactions occur. It has two steps: the measurement of reaction rates. The determination of a molecular pathway (mechanism) 2 METHODS OF DETERMINING REACTION RAT...
10-NOTES322.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> CHEM >> 322 Fall, 2008
Description: CHEM 322.10 KINETICS II Chemical reactions take place because molecules collide with other molecules and bonds are broken and/or new bonds are formed. Each collision (or step) of the reaction is called an ELEMENTARY REACTION; the sequence of elemen...
KINETICS II.ppt
Path: Mary Baldwin >> CHEM >> 322 Fall, 2008
Description: KINETICS II Reaction Mechanisms REACTION MECHANISMS molecules collide with other molecules and bonds are broken and/or new bonds are formed Each collision (or step) of the reaction is called an ELEMENTARY REACTION the sequence of elementary react...
11-NOTES322.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> CHEM >> 322 Fall, 2008
Description: CHEM 322.11 KINETICS III (6) Catalyzed reactions a) Catalysis based on a steady state mechanism Adsorption on a solid surface and catalysis by enzymes, the two commonly encountered examples, have already been discussed. b) Catalysis by the electro...
DYNAMICS I.ppt
Path: Mary Baldwin >> CHEM >> 322 Fall, 2008
Description: DYNAMICS I Models of Reaction Collision theory Ionic Strength The goal of dynamics is to develop a model for reactions from which rates can be predicted. 2 collision theory The collision theory comes from Arrhenius Rates increase exponentially...
12-NOTES322.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> CHEM >> 322 Fall, 2008
Description: CHEM 322.12 DYNAMICS The goal of dynamics is to develop a model for reactions from which rates can be predicted. Let us see if the collision theory is a satisfactory model for this purpose: Beginning with the expression for average speed: <v> = (8k...
DYNAMICS II.ppt
Path: Mary Baldwin >> CHEM >> 322 Fall, 2008
Description: DYNAMICS II Models of Reaction Transition state theory Transition state theory Based on the assumption that the activated complex is in equilibrium with the reactants K = [X]/[A][B] Supported by the Kinetic salt effect Interprets the steric fac...
Gravimetric.ppt
Path: Mary Baldwin >> CHEM >> 214 Fall, 2008
Description: The Notebook (Fig 2-24) Title Method with formula of precipitate to be weighed Table of dates and sample masses Table of dates and crucible masses Table of dates and crucible masses with precipitate Table of precipitate masses and percents Ave...
Titration and Standards.ppt
Path: Mary Baldwin >> CHEM >> 214 Fall, 2008
Description: Volumetric Procedures Primary and Secondary Standards Primary Standards Purity of 99.5+% Stable to atmosphere oxygen and humidity Reasonably cheap Reasonably soluble in water Reasonably large molar mass (so a large mass is used for the solutio...
Statistics I.ppt
Path: Mary Baldwin >> CHEM >> 214 Fall, 2008
Description: Statistics I Standard Deviation and Rejection of Date Mean vs Median Mean is the arithmetic average of the results <x> Median is the middle result for N is odd or the mean of the middle pair for N is even N is the number of results Precision vs ...
Wine-Vinegar.ppt
Path: Mary Baldwin >> CHEM >> 214 Fall, 2008
Description: Analyzing Wine or Vinegar Potentiometric Titration Set-up for potentiometr ic titration Analysis of the Data Derivative Method Titration Curve First Derivative Curve Second Derivative Curve Analysis of the Data Gran Plot Titration Curve Gran P...
Water-EDTA.ppt
Path: Mary Baldwin >> CHEM >> 214 Fall, 2008
Description: Analyzing Water Complexation Titrations The Nature of Complexes Ligand The donor species which bonds to the metal Coordination Number The number of donor-metal bonds in a complex Chelate A ligand that can form more than one bond to a metal ...
Water-Redox.ppt
Path: Mary Baldwin >> CHEM >> 214 Fall, 2008
Description: Analyzing Water Redox Titrations Oxidation and Reduction Oxidation Loss of electrons Carried out by an oxidizing agent The oxidizing agent is reduced Reduction Gain of electrons Carried out by a reducing agent The reducing agent is oxidized ...
UV-Visible Spectroscopy.ppt
Path: Mary Baldwin >> CHEM >> 214 Fall, 2008
Description: UV Visible Spectrophotometry 2 Wavelength Units and Regions Name UV Visible IR Units nanometer nanometer micrometer or cm-1 Region 180 380 nm 380 780 nm 2.5 16 m or 4000 600 cm1 3 Cells and Solvents Name UV Cells Quartz (expensive) Glass Solv...
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy.ppt
Path: Mary Baldwin >> CHEM >> 214 Fall, 2008
Description: Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy An AA Spectrometer 2 Hollow Cathode Lamp A tube containing an anode and a hollow, cylindrical cathode in an inert gas atmosphere (Ne or Ar) Atoms of the gas are ionized and the ions accelerated to the negative cath...
Creating a Presentation.ppt
Path: Mary Baldwin >> ACADEMIC >> 609 Fall, 2008
Description: Building a Presentation in PowerPoint By Virginia R. Francisco Virginia R. Francisco Mary Baldwin College 1 Building a Presentation create outline create PowerPoint presentation insert outline, check, and edit insert images polish rehearse V...
1-OBJ322.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> CHEM >> 322 Fall, 2008
Description: CHEM 322 You should be able to 1. 2. OBJECTIVES - WEEK 1 Explain the quantum theory to a non-scientist. State the evidence from black bodies and the heat capacities of solids that conflicts with classical physics but can be explained by the quant...
2-OBJ322.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> CHEM >> 322 Fall, 2008
Description: CHEM 322 You should be able to 1 OBJECTIVES - WEEK 2 Demonstrate the connection between the curvature of the wavefunction and its kinetic energy, citing as an example the particle in a box. Solve the SWE for a particle in an infinite square well ...
3-OBJ322.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> CHEM >> 322 Fall, 2008
Description: CHEM 322 You should be able to 1. 2. 3. 4. OBJECTIVES - WEEK 3 Explain the selection rules. Explain how electrons interact and write term symbols for atoms Write electronic configurations for multi-electron atoms and ions Use shielding and penetr...
4-OBJ322.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> CHEM >> 322 Fall, 2008
Description: CHEM 322 OBJECTIVES You should be able to 1. 2. 3. 4. - WEEK 4 Determine bond order using MO theory for homonuclear diatomic molecules and ions. Sketch the type(s) of overlap that can occur between s-s, s-p, and p-p orbitals; distinguish between s...
5-OBJ322.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> CHEM >> 322 Fall, 2008
Description: CHEM 322 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. OBJECTIVES - WEEK 5 Explain the origin of rotational spectra Use rotational spectra to compute moments of inertia and bond lengths. Explain how a microwave oven cooks food. Explain the origin of vibrational spectr...
6-OBJ 322.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> CHEM >> 322 Fall, 2008
Description: CHEM 322 OBJECTIVES - WEEK 6 1. Interpret term symbols for diatomic molecules. 2. Explain the form of the Beer Lambert law. 3. Use the Beer Lambert law to calculate concentrations and to convert from absorbance to transmittance and vice versa. 4...
7-OBJ322.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> CHEM >> 322 Fall, 2008
Description: CHEM 322 1. OBJECTIVES - WEEK 7 Define statistical mechanics and explain its purpose. 2. Define q and explain its significance. 3. Calculate qtr, qrot, and qvib. Explain the significance of . Calculate the fraction of molecules in an excited state...
8-OBJ322.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> CHEM >> 322 Fall, 2008
Description: CHEM 322 OBJECTIVES - WEEK 8 1. Calculate CP, H, G, and S from q 2. Outline how one could obtain H, G, and K from q 3. Discuss the microscopic (molecular) understanding of K and compare it with the macroscopic understanding developed in CHEM 111 an...
9-OBJ322.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> CHEM >> 322 Fall, 2008
Description: CHEM 322 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. OBJECTIVES - WEEK 9 Describe some ways in which the concentrations of reacting species are monitored. Express the rate of reaction in terms of components. Define order of reaction. Use graphical and mathematical methods to...
10-OBJ322.doc
Path: Mary Baldwin >> CHEM >> 322 Fall, 2008
Description: CHEM 322 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. OBJECTIVES - WEEK 10 Write mechanisms for SN1 and SN2 reactions. Define rate-determining step. Distinguish between consecutive and steady state mechanisms. Write the steps in a chain reaction and explain the terms initiation,...
