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Degradation Thermal Studies of Polycarbonate Jennifer E. Robertson Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in partial fulfillment for the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Chemical Engineering Thomas C. Ward, Chair Richey Davis Kimberly Forsten Eva Marand Allan Shultz May 4, 2001 Blacksburg, VA Keywords: Polymer, Degradation, Polycarbonate, Degradation Kinetic Models Copyright 2001, Jennifer E. Robertson Degradation Studies of Polycarbonate Jennifer E. Robertson (ABSTRACT) Polymeric materials are increasingly being used in diverse, very demanding applications. Either pre- or post- application environments may require exposures to conditions hostile to the polymer's integrity. Frequently, these demanding conditions result in degradation of the polymer and subsequent decreases in desirable properties. Clearly then, a methodology to predict important properties, such as Tg, molecular weight, and tensile strength, from knowledge of the environmental history of a polymeric-based specimen is beneficial. The current study focuses on bisphenol A polycarbonate and tracks changes in the properties of this material as a function of the degree of degradation, . For the purposes of the present research, the environmental effects have been limited to those associated elevated with temperature, although the methodology is general. This parameter is a product of the kinetic rate constant, k, found from isothermal kinetics, and the time of degradation, t. Elucidation of has been linked to measurement of the molecular weight distribution which in turn can be related to various properties to yield predictive relationships for these properties. Only the thermal history of the polymer and its initial properties are required for the model. This technique is not limited to a specific polymer or even to thermal degradation. As long as the kinetics of the process can be mathematically modeled, this approach should apply to a host of other situations, providing property prediction simply from knowledge of the material history. The research seeks to better understand the thermal degradation of polycarbonate. Kinetics of the process was explored, and the chemical mechanisms were examined. A key part of the project was the determination of the molecular weights and molecular weight distributions at each level of degradation. Furthermore, mechanical stress-strain properties, glass transition temperatures, and melt viscosities were also measured. This information, together with the kinetic expressions, facilitated prediction of these types of material properties for a known thermal history.

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