is What News?
New York Times, New Hampshire Primaries.. Clinton has become more accessible..
1/23/2008 10:59:00 AM
The Role of the press is more powerful in this version of democracy, most other democracies do not have primaries.. The progressivemovement is anti-political party power.. parties raised funds to get into office and give jobs to it's members. The state didn't print the ballots, the parties did. ("Ticket") The only choice you made was simply based on which party you were with. Everyone knew who you were voting for, because they could see who you got the ticket from. The main way in which we choose the candidates started from the 1960's on. The nut graf - nut meaning the heart of the story.. 1974 - Fred Snodgrass dropped a pop fly in a world series game. his life was remembered by this because it was the only way it would be picked up.. he's remembered by a single trivial fact.. but somehow it is "news" it was the most newsworthy thing about Snodgrass. it's newsworthy because it was funny, embarrassing for him, ironic. one thing of the american press is that it focuses on the short run things, and ignores the long run trends and underlying themes.. american new is still decentralized.. New York Times is much more national.. A common culture is built for us.. and
Events and Their Coverage
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Why did LATimes run the story?
1. They did the right journalistic job. inform citizens professionally, etc.. let matters take their course. 2. Stop Schwarzenegger. 3. Sell papers. they want to make money. they could make more money on the day. but because of outraged subscribers (10,000) they lost money. short term gains and loss - very trivial (with the exception of comic strips) long term gains and loss - establish a reputation. readership - matters because of advertising quality vs quantity - income level and class vs. number of readers.
The LA Times did some hard hitting campaigns pieces on other candidates.
Ariana Huffinton - tax evasion Bustamonte political argument is not so hit pieces - essentially false claims sent out soon before the election.
political objectives of the editorial staff.. historically, newspapers were completely political institutions. (many were set up and subsidized by the parties) in the 19th century, it was on every page.
the times (new york and la) are secular papers, and is determinedly secular. values.. are they the same in views. What do most newspapers share? they share ethnocentrism.. its all about the united states.
Office Hours Next Week Tu 11-12 W 11-12
Bias, Framing, Values
Iraq and the debathication law.
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There is a hell of a lot of news in this one paper. Soon to be able to eat meat from cloned animals Local papers here report on the war with more focus on the casualties because we are so close to the marine base.
Beer Drinkers.. Lots of us over estimate the power of the media, because it is physical.. Beer Drinking ads are physical, but demographic changes are not seen. The baby boomer generation is still huge. The reason why those sales increase is because of the sheer population of beer drinkers William McKenley, Republican President. 1890. Didn't care about what the new york papers were saying Senators didnt care because the state legistlature elected senators. Senate was isolated from public opinion. called the millionares club.
How do we judge the impact of the media?
information o what happened yesterday o does it have an effect o information matters o freespeech amplification bias/framing
Bias, Framing, and Values (cont)
michaelyon-online.com journalist in iraq who went there by choice.
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The Power of News Media is Cultural Power
Its hard to see it when it happens, and distinguish. Other institutions that have cultural power are: o Teacher, schools, friends and parents o Teachers can force opinions through grades o Friends can stop hanging out with you. Websites and news organization cannot punish you. o There is nothing they can do to you.. o
Information this really matters Amplification matters a little. Bias or Framing relatively small component, but is the most interesting
Knowledgeable Fair Accurate
Framing:
(p. 35) principles of selection, emphasis, and presentation composed of little tacit theory about what exists. o unspoken.. or implicit. Why dont the main stream media cover Ron Paul or Kucinich more? o Because they are probably not going to get many votes, and people arent going to watch as much.. Were not here to tell Americans the right way to run their elections, were here to give information to people....
Abe Lincoln only served 2 years in gov, and worked as a lawyer for the railroad before he became president... not in the public eye They dont want to rock the boat. The Reports writing the story is shaped more by the unspoken frames than by bias. American framing.. keep your own views and values out of reports.
All the Presidents Men
On Watergate. Woodworth and Bernstein..
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ORC 1007
c.101
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Oleta & Minuten is focused on agency Sociologist are focused on structure Theyre wrong to leave out all this stuff. o Whos feuding with whom o The structure doesnt determine everything. o Even political views dont always determine what they will do. "Men make their own history only not in circumstances of their own choosing." - Karl Marx people are agents of their own lives agency. but not in circumstances of their own choosing structure. Permanent tension in how we understand the human condition. The people closer to the top can set a tone leadership P 51 "One of the things I learned in the job is that if I utter the word shorting it comes back as "all he wants is shorter" " people take it as an order. 4-5 year olds are sexist because they pick up the subtle cues in society and they take it to be law. Two drawers p 45-46 Centralized Decentralized Micromanaging news stories. Cocky and smart o Really sharp new sense. o A good journalist has a nose for news. o
Isnt it obvious what this story is? The CEO comes from the old company.. Time Warner.. The frame.. the overarching background premise. "He can see around corners"
Gravitas seriousness.
Judging a figure skating is not as important as the assassination of a head minister Afganistanism a story that was so remote from people lives, that there was no excuse for putting it in the paper. He wanted people to care about what was in the news paper.. He was concerned about pop and some zing to it.. something that energizes the reporter and the readers. Humility is the acorn of journalism. The curiosity to ask questions and the ability to take answers. The business manager or the publisher isnt consulted and he clears the ads off the front page. Produced a separate section that was just about 9-11
1/23/2008 10:59:00 AM Right of reply statutes are normal in democracies around the world. Brandford vs Hayes Right of reply cases are unconstitutional There is no legislation to shield reporters from their civic responsibilities. News in storytelling. (Chapter 10) Term papers.. read chapter 10 On how to analyze text. NYTimes Newsroom employees 1332 Newsroom budget $ 200 million ($3 million iraq) NYT profits 8% Ad revenue down 4.7% 15%-22% at other large Nss
4 news comp align to form a hearst gallant nyt company to be named quadrant one. The one word We dont know what the future is.
1/23/2008 10:59:00 AM www.kcnn.org/research/citizen_media_report Most people still get there news from television.. Information changes behavior...
Bias:
Ideological Political Partisan Conscious Intentional Slanting of the news Pro-organized Science bias.. Theres mystery no in more new mediums on who they favor. A professional differs from a quack in one important way.. A professional doctor is more interested to please a colleagues than his patients Professional journalists do not have a scientific body of knowledge.. or do they control admission to the field.. there is no certifying or licensing.. What makes you a journalist is dedication to service and the ability to please other journalists. You are a journalist if you are in their club..
Format of the midterm
A few definitions... Toetouch dateline Jason blair didnt even do that.. hop on a plane, land on the place they were going to report on and leave.. 4-5 very short answers.. a set of 1 paragraph answers. Blue Book.
War Reporting in Past and Present Guest Speaker:
Dan Hallin
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Civil War was the first total war Required much larger armies than ever before. Enormous mobilization of the economy to support this war By the time of WWI, everyone realized that you could not conduct a war without public opinion. System: o Journalists were accredited to cover the military o Censorship was imposed on them Heavy handed. Relatively little real first hand reporting. All quiet on the western front. Imposed in the field. Not imposed back home. Philosophy: o Voluntary co-op between news and the troops. o Keeping out of the news anything that would cause real harm. No images of dead American soldiers that appeared in the press.
Cold War
Seen like WWII Same Attitudes carried over in o Politics o Journalism News coverage of foreign affairs were deferential
Vietnam War
Credibility gap o Undermined the authority of government officials in foreign affairs.
o Important change in the attitude of the journalists. o The Pentagon Papers: A classified study on the Vietnam war. A dramatic break because it was defying gov. officials o Came to believe in a conventional wisdom. The US could not exercise censorship in Vietnam o Because they were guests of the S. Vietnamese. o Voluntary Guidelines o Freedom of Movement
Gulf War
Censorship was re-imposed: Tight control of the media. A return to WWII coverage o Very sanitized.. and kind of cheerleading coverage. Clips from Gulf War coverage: Lots of High Fives Positive tone Patriotism (closing with flags) Talked about protestors "Feelings" and not really political. Talks about the war being a uniting factor, but didnt talk about broken families. Journalists felt guilty, being sucked in to be cheerleaders. "They played us like a flute" Hard to say that the military was actually responsible. Interviewed Journalists in Buffalo Described this at the high point of their career. Had fear that since they set the mood for patriotism, they could not take it back.
Iraq War
News stories can make people into heroes. After 9-11 there was a political atmosphere that was very much like the cold war
Union Tribune Speaker
Internet Operations in the News Papers News Media Challenges in an Online World
1/23/2008 10:59:00 AM
Today's Agenda
About SignOnSanDiego.com, the Union-Tribunes Website The changing economics of the newspaper business How newspapers will evolve into media companies Seven challenges for the news media online
San Diego's leading local news site
Updated 24x7 Focused on breaking local news Partnership with print newsroom o Online before it hits print Staff of 70 for sales, content, operations o 20 for content. 25 sales. Rest are in operations Serving readers well brings advertisers
Growing Commitment to Multimedia
Online and print staff shoot video Averaging 2 local video clips daily Two Internet radio stations: music & talk Goal: San Diegos No. 1 media site
Long Term Growth in Unique Users
Cedar Fire: 2.3 Mil Katrina 2.8 Mil 2007 Wildfires: 5.4 Mil
Newspaper Sites with Largest Local Audience
SignOnSanDiego.com: 18% of the local adults reading weekly 4th place in the country
Solid Economic Model, but Still Tied to Print
Virtually all revenue from advertising Profitable since 2002 15% growth in 2006, but down 3% in 2007 Revenue tied to print under pressure All growth coming from direct online sales
Newspaper Company Economics
Newspaper companies are advertising-driven Circulation is a break-even function Online revenue is small, but: o Growing rapidly o Extremely profitable 7% of revenue.
Online is a `Game Changing' Development
No truck, presses or newsprint No pre-press staff Worldwide network of vendors and services o Dont have to build it yourself. Few barriers to entry o Dont have to buy press.. Its all about building audience now
Audience Trends Reaching `Tipping Point'
Metro newspaper circulation falling Online users outnumber print readers National advertisers moving online The audience is wired
How Newspapers will evolve
Online becomes primary focus Free-distribution strategies Expansion into other media Cost cutting and efficiencies o Production changes o Staff reductions The future is free and mobile
Emerging Role of Journalism Online
Basic news gathering wont change Online staffs exist to post and package news Deadlines more critical, but changes are easier o No need to worry about changes, because you dont need retractions... duh. o Cost saving Multimedia adds a new dimension
Challenge 1: Mass Media is Fragmenting
Old world of major media outlets vanishing Yahoo is the biggest media entity in the world o 120 million people in a month. Newspapers no longer have local pre-eminence Community papers, blogs, Internet radio are examples o Free papers didnt exist 25 years ago. o Opportunity: New venues
Challenge 2: Vanishing Gatekeepers
Fragmentation means more news sources o Not like back in the Woodward Bernstein days.
Mainstream thinking becomes much wider How do you decide whats news? Opportunity: New views
Challenge 3: Changing Definition of News
News less dependent on government agendas Public relations often treated as news Celebrities are news now But, libel & credibility concerns remain Opportunity: Shape the future of news
Challenge 4: Public is Taking Control
Email, forums & blogs put readers in charge Statistics vs. editors o We determine whats important based on statistics. Social networks vs. news media o Setting the standard New ventures go directly to readers o Opportunity: Embrace this change
Challenge 5: Acceleration of Technology
Cost of processing power & storage going down Communications cost falling steadily o no one cares about long distance anymore Business models will change o Qualcomms network of delivering content Opportunity: Get in at the start
Challenge 6: Always Connected
Being out of touch is a thing of the past Broadband, Wi-Fi, cellular, Bluetooth, etc.
Growing privacy issues People who complain ,,protest too much Opportunity: Be first with relevant news
Challenge 7: the Future is Gaining on Us
Media companies past success least to caution Yet media is at the epicenter of change Innovation & experimentation are key Opportunity: Create something new in media
Optimism about the News Media
Technology and a wired world create many opportunities New media products are emerging daily Print wont go away, but it will become a niche product Building a new audience online.
4/17/2008 8:05:00 PM
Paper
Persuasive (evidence-based) argument That draws on course concepts or literature Anticipates counter-argument Shows mastery of course content Originality of Thought Good writing. Engineering and English. Technical mastery of engineering and communicating. Walter Cronkite reassuring paternal voice.. o "thats the way it is.." dont say that anymore, because were not assured anymore. o Am I and my family safe tonight? The point of his news casts.
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