Reid
Chapter Kendall 1: The Settlement Enterprise
1.1 "Why England Should Settle North America" a.) Hakluyt used the following arguments to convince people to establish colonies; to expand trade opportunities, the journey there is not too far nor difficult, the route there is not unclaimed territory, the journey could be made at all times of the year, to expand English culture, to gain from the abundance of natural resources and keep up with other countries, English ships are strong enough for the journey as well as removing any obstacles in its path, to inherit new wealth the land has to offer, to spread the word of God, to govern the natives better than the Spaniards have, and it serves as a remedy for times of economic troubles. b.) Some of these reasons were economic; trade from resources gathered in the New World would improve England economically. c.) Settling in America would advance England politically, because if they didn't, Spain or France, or some other country would.
d.)
Hakluyt mentioned that the trips to and fro America would not be very difficult, and there is really no reason NOT to settle there.
1.2 " Why We Should Leave England" a.) John Wintrhop emphasizes his religious reasons for leaving
England such as spreading the word of the Gospel and creating a fellowship with any Christians that might inhabit the new land b.) The Puritans found the English religious scene deplorable
because they found it corrupted and increasingly immoral c.) Winthrop discusses the fresh opportunities children,
servants, and lower class citizens would have in the uninhabited new land 1.3 "A Voyage to Virginia" a.) Colonel Norwood chose Virginia as his refuge a year before
setting out for its adventure & honor whether they had fortunes or not b.) Many rural colonists settled in Virginia, which is a joint-
stock company. 1.4 "Who Should Go to Pennsylvania?" a.) Penn states that younger brothers of small inheritances
should go to the New World because in that day & age, only the eldest child received all the wealth of the family. In this way, the
younger men in the family needed new opportunities for adventure and riches b.) The new lands are unsettled, unspoiled, and awaiting
settlement which offers many opportunities if rightly colonized, while England is already developed. The people coming to Pennsylvania didn't achieve greatness in England, but they get a fresh start in the New World 1.5 "Servant's Indenture for Transportation to Virginia" a.) The conditions seem fair; the servant is getting food,
clothing, and a place to stay for service of three years, and a house for him and his family at the end. b.) If the contract is violated, the servant will be punished,
and the perks of housing, food, and a house at the end of the term will be taken away. c.) People probably entered contracts such as these when job
were scarce, or if they had a limited skill set and needed help getting to their feet. d.) In the long run, America offered more opportunity, but it
needed people who were more knowledgeable and resourceful than the ones that went at first. 1.6 "Coercion: The West African Slave"
a.)
Venture Smith's experiences were most likely very typical
of a West African Slave in that time. b.) The typical experience Africans of in North America was
being enslaved on sugar plantations with little or no rights. c.) African slaves went to sugar plantations in America and
the Caribbean's to be put to work. d.) Slaves in the colonies were treated much worse than
slaves on sugar plantations, because many more were killed and more rights were taken away from them.
Chapter 2: The British Colonies of North America
2.1 "Paradise or Hell: Economic Survival & Opportunity" a.) Yes, The first article offers clues about the hardships settlers experienced. b.) Some of the hardships settlers experienced included being held hostage by Indians and trying to befriend them. c.) Ffrethorne made a bad choice deciding to become an indentured servant, though things like his cloak getting stolen is a bit of bad luck. d.) This was probably typical of indentured servants, as their masters only gave them food and shelter, so they had no spending money for personal items.
e.) Thomas was much more enthusiastic because he was not "enslaved." He came to America and sought the opportunity it promised. f.) Thomas presented the potential land in a positive light, expressing all the new potential for settlers as a golden opportunity. 2.2 "The Political Economy: Old Regime or Innovation" a.) The General Assembly two supreme councils, two houses for the lords and the commons in the British Parliament. b.) The second council will be called once yearly and for very important circumstances; it must follow the same policy used in England. No law can be passed unless it is passed through the English government first. c.) There was a divergence between England and America, and this invention was needed to keep new laws in order while sticking to original laws created in Britain. d.) In order to keep lawmaking in England connected to the laws in the motherland, no law can be ratified or confirmed without the approval of the General Quartet of Britain first. e.) The legal status and property of standings of the patrons mimic the conditions of Britain's regime by taking the same oath taken by British citizens. They are promised free from customs,
taxes, imposts, and excise as long as they remain aristocratic and loyal. f.) They could trade and travel along the coast for free, belong to the Company, consume goods, and be free from customs, taxes, and imposts for ten years. g.) It is assumed that the colonies will remain loyal to the British Parliament and follow their laws no matter the conditions. h.) They assume that they will only trade with Britain and only manufacture raw goods and textiles. 2.3 "Religious Toleration" a.) In early colonies, the quest for freedom was successful. b.) It was not a safe haven, however, because soon their own religious persecutions formed. c.) Since they all came from the same place, there wasn't much room for religious diversity. d.) Religion in schools in prohibited, and many people feel that this is taking away from their freedom of religion. There is big debate over phrases like "In God We Trust" on money and in official documents. e.) People are united in that they all want religious freedom. America has separation of the church and state, but in the past,
they were one in the same, and if you went against the church, you went against the government.