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121 BIOL/MCBL INTRODUCTORY MICROBIOLOGY Lecture 1 General Course Information Introduction and history of Microbiology BIOL/MCBL 121 Professor Ma 3401 Boyce Hall (will move to the Genomics Building Rm 1234C) wenbo.ma@ucr.edu Office hour: 11-12:30 PM Wednesday Text book: Microbiology: An evolving science, by Slonczewski and Foster, Norton Inc. We will be using the iLearn site extensively during this course. Check Course Materials before each lecture. Discussion Sections TAs Nadia Qureshi nadiaq@ucr.edu Lek Charoenkajonchai schar002@ucr.edu First meeting - Enrollment Attendance will be taken for each section Home assignments will be available for downloading from iLearn and will be discussed in the discussion sections Poster presentation week of March 2-6 No Discussion: weeks of Jan. 19-23 and Feb. 16-20 Exams Three Midterms and one Final Exam Third Midterm and Final Exam: MAR 20 (Friday) Part 1 is the Third Midterm - mandatory Part 2 is a comprehensive Final Exam covering the entire course optional for students who also took Midterms 1 and 2 Students who took all four exams will have the lowest grade dropped in calculating their final grade Make-up exams for the first and second midterms will NOT be given. NO EXCEPTIONS. Students who miss either the first or second mid-term must take both parts of the final exam. Grading Criteria Exams (lowest score will be dropped) First Midterm: Second Midterm: Third Midterm: Comprehensive Final Exam: Discussion Section Poster presentation: Attendance and TA s Evaluation: TOTAL FOR COURSE Extra credits for exceptional posters: 84% 28% 28% 28% 28% 16% 10% 6% 100% 4% Syllabus Lecture 1 ---M 2 ---W 3 ---F 4 ---M 5 ---W 6 ---F M 7 ---W 8 ---F 9 --M W 10 --F 11 --M 12 --W 13 --F 14 --M 15 --W 16 --F M W 17 F 18 --M 19 --W 20 --F 21 --M 22 --W 23 --F 24 --M 25 --W 26 --F Date 05 Jan 07 Jan 09 Jan 12 Jan 14 Jan 16 Jan 19 JAN 21 Jan 23 Jan 26 Jan 28 JAN 30 Jan 02 Feb 04 Feb 06 Feb 09 Feb 11 Feb 13 Feb 16 FEB 18 FEB 20 Feb 23 Feb 25 Feb 27 Feb 02 Mar 04 Mar 06 Mar 09 Mar 11 Mar 13 Mar Topic (chapter in the textbook) Introduction and history (1) Structure and function of prokaryotes (3) - I Structure and function of prokaryotes (3) - II Bacterial nutrition (4) Bacterial growth and cell differentiation (4) Control of microbial growth (5) UNIVERSITY HOLIDAY, NO CLASS Metabolism (13) - I Metabolism (14) - II Microbial genomics (7) FIRST MIDTERM (includes lectures 1-8) Microbial gene expression (8) Microbial Genetics (9) -I Microbial Genetics (9) - II Regulation of gene expression (10) - I Regulation of gene expression (10) - II Regulation of gene expression (10) - III Recombinant DNA technology (12) UNIVERSITY HOLIDAY, NO CLASS SECOND MIDTERM (includes lectures 9-16) Bacteriophage (6) - I Bacteriophage (10) - II Bacteriophage (11) - III Pathogenicity of microorganisms (25) - I Pathogenicity of microorganisms (25) - II Antimicrobial chemotherapy (27) - I Antimicrobial chemotherapy (27) - II Microbial evolution (17) Microbial (17) phylogeny Microbial interactions (21) Structure, function and metabolism Molecular genetics and genomics Interactions, Pathogenicity and diversity Class Rules Courtesy Please sit in the back of the classroom if you must leave early Refrain from conversations Turn off cell phones Discussion Sections Attendance is part of your grade Participation in the discussion Scientific integrity Microorganisms Any living organism too small to be seen with the naked eye Microorganisms are some of the most metabolically and genetically diverse organisms on the planet Bacteria Algae Fungi Viruses Archaea Protist Microbiology and Human Life Basic Microbiology Understanding the fundamental life processes Applied Microbiology Agriculture Energy and Environment Food Health Biotechnology A brief history of Microbiology Discovery of Microorganisms Spontaneous Generation Germ Theory of Disease Koch s Postulates Robert Hooke (1635-1703) Invented microscope Described the first microbes Fruiting structures of fungi Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723) Dutch amateur lens grinder Observation of animacules Discovered bacteria Spontaneous Generation Aristotle (384-322 BC) Spontaneous Generation: living organisms could arise from nonliving matter. This was the prevailing concept for the next 2,000 years! Louis Pasteur (1822-1895) First to connect cause (microorganisms) and effect (disease, growth, metabolic products) Germ theory of disease Responsible for: Disproving spontaneous generation Fermentation Vaccine and the science of Immunology Pasteurization and Sterilization Swan-necked flask experiment Oxygen does not enable spontaneous generation Microbes do not grow in liquid until introduced from outside Robert Koch (1843-1910) Proved Germ Theory of Disease A specific type of microorganism causes a specific disease Methods and principles led to isolation of pure bacterial cultures Koch s Postulates are still the cornerstone of bacteriology and basic procedure in medical research Koch s Postulate Number 1 Postulate 1 identify the suspect The suspected organism should be present in ALL cases of the disease and ABSENT from healthy animals Koch s Postulate Number 2 Postulate 2 obtain pure culture The suspected organism should be grown in PURE CULTURE Koch s Postulate Number 3 Postulate 3 reproduce the disease Cells from a pure culture of the suspected organism should CAUSE DISEASE in a healthy animal Koch s Postulate Number 4 Postulate 4 recover the suspect The suspected organism should be REISOLATED and shown to be the same as the original Major limitation of Koch s Postulates The pathogen must be able to grow in PURE CULTURE Pathogens requiring complex nutrients from the host will fail Slow growing organisms will fail Organisms that do not grow on selected media will fail Pure culture isolation Initially developed by Angelina (&Walther) Hesse (agar) and Richard Petri (plate) Serial Dilution

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