Chapter Quiz: 10: Human Relations and Motivation
Official Score: 60% Recorded at 9/18/2008 4:20:10 AM (EST).
1) Scientific management is the systematic study and breakdown of work into its smallest mechanical elements and then the rearrangement of these elements into their most efficient combination. True False
2) The Hawthorne studies showed how group characteristics and the type of supervision, among other things, influence motivation and productivity. True False
Rationale: The studies have been interpreted in different ways, but one message is clear: Managers attempting to create a favorable climate for motivation must consider (1) the group, (2) helping employees improve their self-esteem, and (3) style of supervision. Review this topic
3) Intrinsic rewards are external to work itself; they are administered by someone else, such as a manager, and include such things as pay, fringe benefits, recognition, and praise. True False
Rationale: Such things as pay, fringe benefits, recognition, and praise are extrinsic rewards. Intrinsic rewards relate directly to performing the job. In this sense, they are often described as self-administered and include such things as feeling good about accomplishing an object and being able to make job-related decisions without consulting a supervisor. Review this topic
4) Theory X managers believe that the average employee dislikes work and finds ways to avoid it as much as possible. True False
Rationale: A manager with a Theory X view of workers is likely to closely control and supervise subordinates. Review this topic
5) Theory Z places a special emphasis on participative management. True False
Rationale: Under Theory Z, employees participate in goal setting, decision making, problem solving, and designing and implementing changes. Review this topic
6) In the 1950s, Frederick Herzberg proposed a work motivation model that contained three factors: hygiene, maintenance, and motivators. True False
Rationale: Herzberg proposed two factors under this theoryhygiene and motivators. Maintenance is an alternative term for hygiene. Review this topic
7) Goal setting is the process of identifying specific of levels performance that a person seeks to accomplish in a certain time frame. True False
Rationale: Probably the best-established goal-setting principle is that workers perform at higher levels when asked to meet a specific, challenging goal than they do when simply asked to "do your best" or when no goal at all is assigned. Review this topic
8) Skill-based pay represents a form of competency-based reward.
True False
Rationale: In a skill-based plan, employees earn higher rates of pay based on the number of skill modules they've mastered. Review this topic
9) Gainsharing is pay based on performance appraisal. True False
Rationale: Merit pay is based on performance appraisal; gainsharing is a reward based on team members reducing costs of production and increasing labor efficiency. Review this topic
10) To motivate employees, managers must choose rewards that are meaningful to the employees. True False
Rationale: Rewards that are inconsequential or unimportant to the employees will not be motivations. Review this topic
11) Maslow believed that people's behavior was motivated by their desire to fulfill needs. True False
Rationale: These needs were arranged in a hierarchy from the most basic survival needs at the bottom to self-fulfilling needs at the top. Review this topic
12) The Hawthorne Studies were conducted in ____________. a) America b) England c) Brazil d) Germany
Rationale: The Hawthorne Studies were conducted in Cicero, Illinois, a suburb of Chicago. Review this topic
13) Salary, working conditions, and job security are considered _______ factors by Herzberg. a) motivational b) hygiene c) perks
d) technical
Rationale: Herzberg considered salary, working conditions, and job security hygiene factors. Review this topic
14) The top level of the needs hierarchy is _________. a) social needs b) self-actualization c) esteem needs d) safety needs
Rationale: The top level of the needs hierarchy is self-actualizationthe ability to display and use one's full potential. Review this topic
15) One of the most difficult tasks facing managers is ___________ employees. a) hiring b) transferring c) motivating d) training