1
Correlations Table valued salwrka primary value of added by s%wgwrk horse-power products manufacture 1.000 -.057 -.043 -.044 . .367 .488 .486 258 257 258 258 -.057 1.000 .988** .988** .367 . .000 .000 257 257 257 257 -.043 .988** 1.000 .997** .488 .000 . .000 258 257 258 258 -.044 .988** .997** 1.000 .486 .000 .000 . 258 257 258 258 .158* -.004 .000 -.003 .011 .945 1.000 .966 258 257 258 258 .009 -.012 .007 -.001 .896 .861 .921 .983 208 207 208 208 .089 -.037 -.029 -.031 .199 .598 .672 .655 208 207 208 208 .161** -.006 .005 .005 .009 .921 .939 .942 258 257 258 258 -.079 -.005 -.016 -.019 .207 .940 .803 .765 258 257 258 258 increasew AVERAGE incr.wag wageasp gwrks990 WAGE wrkr9909 ropsal 9recode .158* .009 .089 .161** .011 .896 .199 .009 258 208 208 258 -.004 -.012 -.037 -.006 .945 .861 .598 .921 257 207 207 257 .000 .007 -.029 .005 1.000 .921 .672 .939 258 208 208 258 -.003 -.001 -.031 .005 .966 .983 .655 .942 258 208 208 258 1.000 .116 .111 .670** . .095 .112 .000 258 208 208 258 .116 1.000 .438** .152* .095 . .000 .029 208 208 208 208 .111 .438** 1.000 .135 .112 .000 . .052 208 208 208 208 .670** .152* .135 1.000 .000 .029 .052 . 258 208 208 258 .176** -.081 -.090 -.572** .005 .246 .194 .000 258 208 208 258 AVERAGE SALARY -.079 .207 258 -.005 .940 257 -.016 .803 258 -.019 .765 258 .176** .005 258 -.081 .246 208 -.090 .194 208 -.572** .000 258 1.000 . 258
salwrkas%wgwrk
primary horse-power
value of products
valued added by manufacture AVERAGE WAGE
incr.wagwrkr9909
increasewgwrks990 9recode wageaspropsal
AVERAGE SALARY
Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) N Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) N Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) N Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) N Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) N Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) N Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) N Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) N Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) N
*. Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed). **. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
Table 2 Industries by Average Wages and Number of Workers: 1910 Quartile Rankings (1=lowest; 4=highest)
automobiles, including bodies and parts babbitt metal and solder beet sugar belting and hose, leather bicycles, motorcycles and parts billiard tables and materials bone, carbon and lamp black butter, reworking calcium lights cars and general shop construction and repairs b cars and general shop construction and repairs b cars, steam-railroad, not including operations o cars, street-railroad, not including operations cash registers and calculating machines cloth, sponging and refinishing electroplating engraver's materials engraving and diesinking engraving, wood explosives fire extinguishers, chemical foundry and machine-shop products fur goods furs, dressed gold and silver, reducing and refining, not from ice, manufactured ink, printing instuments, professional and scientific iron and steel forgings iron and steel, blast furnaces iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills lapidary work lasts lead, bar, pipe and sheet Liquors, malt Malt Marble and stone work Models and patterns, not inclidng paper patterns Moving pictures Oil, linseed Oil, not elsewhere specified Oleomargarine Petroleum, refining Photo-engraving Printing and publishing Safes and vaults Sand and Emery Paper and Cloth Scales and balances Shipbuilding including boat building Silverware and platedware Smelting and Refining copper Smelting and Refining lead
av. Wage#workers 4 4 4 1 4 3 4 2 4 2 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 2 4 3 4 1 4 2 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 3 4 1 4 1 4 3 4 1 4 1 4 3 4 1 4 3 4 3 4 4 4 4 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 4 4 2 4 4 4 2 4 1 4 1 4 2 4 1 4 3 4 3 4 4 4 2 4 1 4 2 4 4 4 3 4 3 4 3
Smelting and refining zinc Soda-water apparatus Statuary and art goods Stereotyping and electrotyping Stoves and furnaces, including gas and oil stove Supluric, nitric, and mixed acids Tin plate and terneplate Typewriters and supplies Wood carpet Woolpulling agricultural implements artificial stone brass and bronze products bread and other bakery products butter, cheese and condensed milk carriages and wagons and materials cement chemicals china decorating clocks and watches, including cases and material copper, tin, and sheet-iron products crucibles cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified dairymen's, poulterers' and apiarists' supplies dyestuffs and extracts electrical machinery, apparatus and supplies emery and other abrasive wheels firearms and ammunition flour-mill and gristmill products foundry supplies fuel, manufactured galvanizing gas and electric fixtures, lamps and reflectors gas, illuminating and heating glass glass, cutting, staining and ornamenting glucose and starch graphiteand graphite refining grease and tallow handstamps and stencils and brands hats and caps, other than felt, straw and wool hats, fur-felt horseshoes, not made in steel works or rolling m iron and steel pipe, wrought iron and steel, doors and shutters Locomotives, not made by railroad companies Mirrors Mucilage and paste Musical instruments and materials not specified Musical instruments, pianos and organs and mater Oil cloth and linoleum Oil, Caster Paints and Varnish Paper and wood pulp Pens, fountain, stylographic, and gold Phonographic apparatus and materials Phonographs and graphones
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
3 2 2 2 4 2 3 3 1 1 4 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 1 4 4 1 4 3 3 4 2 3 4 1 1 1 4 4 4 3 3 1 2 2 3 4 1 3 2 3 2 1 2 4 3 1 3 4 1 3 3
Pumps, not including steam pumps Roofing Materials Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified Saws Screws, machine Sewing Machines, cases, and attachments Show cases Signs and advertising novelties Slaughtering and meat packing Smelting and refining not from the ore Springs, steel car and carriage Sugar and molasses, not including beet sugar Type founding and printing materials Windmills Wire Wood distillation not including terpentine and r artists material awnings, tents and sails axle grease baking powders and yeast belting and hose, woven and rubber blacking and cleansing and polishing preparation boots and shoes, including cut stock and finding boots and shoes, rubber brick and tile candles card cutting and design carpets and rugs, other than rag clothing, men's, buttonholes clothing, women's coffee and spice, roasting and grinding coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods coke cordials and sirups dentists' materials drug grinding dyeing and finishing textiles files flavoring extracts food preparations furniture and refrigerators glue gold and silver, leaf and foil grindstones hair work haircloth hats, straw hones and whetstones iron and steel nails and spokes cut and wrought, iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers and rivets, jewlery and instrument cases labels and tags leather goods leather, tanned, curried, and finished Liquors, distilled Liquors, vinous Looking-glass and picture frames
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2 2 4 3 2 4 2 3 4 2 2 3 2 2 4 3 1 2 1 2 3 2 4 3 4 1 1 4 1 4 3 3 4 1 2 1 4 2 1 3 4 2 1 1 2 1 3 1 2 3 2 2 4 4 3 2 3
Lumber and timber products Mattresses and Spring Beds Millinery and lace goods Millinery and soda waters Paving Materials Pipes, Tobacco Pottery, terra cotta and fire clay products Pulp Goods Rice, cleaning and polishing Rules, Ivory and wood Salt Soap Steam Packing Sugical appliances and artificial limbs Vingard and cider Wall paper Wall plaster Washing machines and cloths wringers Wheelbarrows Whips Window shades and fixtures Wlrework Including wire rope and cable Wool scouring artificial flowers/feather plumes bags, other than paper bags, paper baskets, rattan and willow ware bluing boxes, cigar boxes, fancy and paper brooms and brushes buttons canning and preserving carpets, rag carriages and sleds, childrens charcoal chocolate and cocoa products clothing, horse clothing, men's, including whirts confectionery cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specif cordage and twine and jute and linen goods cork, cutting corsets cotton goods, including cotton small wares enameling and japanning fancy articles, not elsewhere specified fertilizers fireworks flags, banners, regalia, society badges embl and flax and hemp, dressed furnishing goods, men's gloves and mittens, leather hammocks hat and cap materials hosiery and knit goods house-furnishing goods, not elsewhere specified
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
4 3 1 3 1 2 4 1 1 1 3 2 2 2 1 2 3 2 1 2 2 3 1 3 3 2 3 1 3 4 3 3 4 2 3 1 2 2 4 4 4 4 2 3 4 2 3 4 1 2 1 4 3 1 2 4 3
ink, writing 1 kaolin and ground earths 1 Lime 1 Matches 1 Mats and Matting 1 Needles pins and hooks and eyes 1 Oakum 1 Oil, cottonseed and cake 1 Oil, essential 1 Paper good not elsewhere specified 1 Paper patterns 1 Patent Medicines and compounds and druggists' pr 1 Peanuts, grading, roasting, cleaning, and shelli 1 Pencils, lead 1 Pens,steel 1 Screws, wood 1 Shoddy 1 Silk and silk goods including throwsters 1 Sporting and athletic goods 1 Stationary goods not elsewhere specified 1 Tin foil 1 Tobacco Manufacturers 1 Toys and games 1 Turpentine and Rosin 1 Umbrellas and cranes 1 Upholstering materials 1 Waste 1 Wood preserving. 1 Wood,turnedandcarved. 1 Woolen,worsted,and felt 1 jewlery lard, refined, not made in slaughtering and meat packing Optical Goods
1 2 3 2 1 3 1 3 1 4 1 4 2 2 1 2 2 4 3 3 1 4 3 4 3 2 2 2 3 4 4 1 3
Table 3 Industries in Top Two Quartiles of Female Employment in 1910 Industry Top Quartile: Female Employees at Least 51.6 Percent of Wage Workers artificial flowers/ feather plumes bags, other than paper boxes, fancy and paper clothing, mens including shirts confectionery corsets flags, banners, regalia, society badges and emblems furnishing goods, mens gloves and mittens, leather hair work hats, straw hosiery and knit goods jewelry and instrument cases millinery and lace gods peanuts, grading, roasting, cleaning, and shelling pens, steel silk and silk goods including throwsters umbrellas and cranes Third Quartile: Female Employment 38.8 to 51.5 percent awnings, tents and sails baking powders and yeast boxes, cigar canning and preserving carpets and rugs, other than rag cordage and twine and jute and linen goods cork, cutting fireworks flavoring extracts food preparations fur goods house-furnishing goods, not otherwise specified needles, pines and hooks and eyes paper goods not elsewhere specified patent medicines and compounds and druggists preparatins pencils, lead stationary goods not elsewhere specified surgical appliances and artificial limbs tobacco manufactures woolen, worsted, and felt
Table 4 Factor Analysis
Communalities averagewagerecoded valueaddedrecode HPWRKR salwrksperestrecode increasewgwrks9909r ecode wageaspropsal valueproductperworke rrecode Initial 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 Extraction .833 .428 .724 .611 .610 .883 .594
Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis.
Total Variance Explained Initial Eigenvalues % of Cumulative % Variance 28.072 28.072 21.750 49.822 17.051 66.873 12.706 79.579 9.870 89.449 6.920 96.369 3.631 100.000 Extraction Sums of Squared Loadings % of Total Cumulative % Variance 1.965 28.072 28.072 1.522 21.750 49.822 1.194 17.051 66.873
Component 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Total 1.965 1.522 1.194 .889 .691 .484 .254
Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis.
Component Matrix a Component 2 .491 1.34E-02 -.443 -.348 .350 .866 -.302
1 averagewagerecoded valueaddedrecode HPWRKR salwrksperestrecode increasewgwrks9909r ecode wageaspropsal valueproductperworke rrecode .743 .254 .633 .577 .232 .279 .695
3 -.198 .602 -.356 .396 .659 -.234 -.139
Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis. a. 3 components extracted.
Table 5A Industries Scoring High on Factor 1 automobiles, including bodies and parts babbitt, metal and solder beet sugar belting and hose, leather butter, cheese, and condensed milk butter, reworking cars, steam-railroad,not incluidng street railroad cash registers and calculating machines chemicals dyestuff and extracts engravers metehods glass cutting, staining, and ornamenting gold and silver ink, printing iron and steel, rolling mills iron and steel, blast furnaces lead, bar, pipe and sheet liquor, malt malt oil, cottonseed and cake oil, linseed oil, not elsewhere specified oleomargerine phonographs and gramophones roofing materials rubber goods, not elsewhere specified sand and emery paper and cloth slaughtering and meat packing smelting and refining copper smelting and refining lead smelting and refining not from ore smelting and refining zinc soap tinplate and ternplate
Table 5B Industries Scoring High (4th Quartile) Factor 2 automobiles, including bodies and parts awnings, tents and sails bicycles, motorcycles, and parts bread and other bakery products butter, cheese, and condensed milk card cutting and design cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam railroad companies cars and general shop construction and repairs by street railroad companies cash registers and calculating machines china decorating cloth, sponging and refinishing clothing, mens...