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Jewish Ancient History from the Patriarchs to the Rabbis (CA. 1900 Prof. Aaron A. Burke Hist M182A/Jewish M182A Fall 2007 TR 12:30 1:45 Humanities A51 COURSE SUMMARY AND GOALS The goal of the course is to introduce students to the early Jewish history from the beginnings through the Rabbinic Period. The first half of the course explores ancient Israel s earliest moments in Mesopotamia, Egypt, and Canaan, the founding of the United Kingdom under David and Solomon, the destruction of the Jerusalem Temple and the Exile in Babylon. The second half charts the development of Early Judaism from the Hellenistic period through the composition of the Mishnah and Talmud during the Byzantine period. Through the course students will gain familiarity with the historical and archaeological sources that enable an understanding the development of the early political, religious, and vernacular institutions of Jewish civilization. BC AD 600) Office: Humanities 382 Off. Hours: TR 10 11 AM & by appt. E-mail: burke@humnet.ucla.edu REQUIRED TEXTS: 1. 2. 3. 4. Miller, J. M., and Hayes, J. H., A History of Ancient Israel and Judah. 2nd ed. (2006). Schniedewind, How the Bible Became a Book (2004). Bible. Suggested version NRSV (w/ Apocrypha & New Testament) Course website: a. Schiffman, From Text to Tradition (1991). (also Reserve) b. Schiffman, (1998) Texts and Traditions: A Source Reader for the Study of Second Temple and Rabbinic Judaism. Hoboken, N.J.: Ktav Pub. House. c. Source reader. 5. * = College Library reserve readings for paper, etc. 6. Anchor Bible Dictionary [YRL Reference Reading Room] (Freedman, et al. 1992) = ABD REQUIREMENTS: 1. Attendance and participation (5%). a. Students are expected to have read assignments for class, to participate by asking questions, and to be prepared to answer questions when called upon. b. Two or more unexcused absences may be grounds for complete loss of participation grade. 2. Mid-term Exam (25%), Week 5. 3. Final Exam (25%), 3 5 PM, Monday, December 10th 4. Reflection papers (45%) a. Three reflection papers form a critical part of the student s grade for this course. These papers consist of a four page essay addressing the assigned topic. They are intended to facilitate further reading and consideration of key concepts covered during the course. See the syllabus for topics. Papers are due in weeks 3, 6, and 9. b. Please adhere to the following guidelines to avoid a loss of points. i. Length: no less than 4 full pages NOT including works cited. ii. Paper must be double-spaced, 12 pt font, with 1 inch margins. iii. Follow MLA or Chicago Manual of Style. iv. Paper is due at the beginning of class. Any papers submitted after the start of class when they are collected will receive a 10% reduction. Subsequent reductions for late papers are 10% per day late. Documentation will be required for any illness or other absence that the professor may deem excused. c. Code of Conduct on Plagiarism. Plagiarism includes, but is not limited to, the use of another's words or ideas as if they were one's own; including, but not limited to representing, either with the intent to deceive or by the omission of the true source, part of or an entire Patriarchs to the Rabbis work produced by someone other than the student, obtained by purchase or otherwise, as the student's original work; or, representing the identifiable but altered ideas, data or writing of another person as if those ideas, data or writing were the student's original work. from the UCLA Student Conduct Code (.pdf file), Fall 1998, section 102.01c LECTURES Week 0 Lecture 1. Introduction: The Study of the History of Ancient Israel Schniedewind, pp. 1 47. READINGS: Further reading: In ABD: Textual Criticism (OT), vol. 6, pp. 393 412; Source Criticism (OT), vol. 6, pp. 162 5; Form Criticism (OT), vol. 2, pp. 838 41 Week 1 Lecture 2. READINGS: The Patriarchs in their Historical and Archaeological Context Miller & Hayes 1986: chaps. 1 3 Bible: Genesis 12 50 Further reading: Historicity of Patriarchs questioned (Thompson 1974; van Seters 1975) The Exodus Tradition and the Covenant Sarna, Israel in Egypt: The Egyptian Sojourn and the Exodus pp. 33 54 in AI; Bible: Exodus 1 18; Numbers [SKIM 1 10:9], 10:11 14:45, [SKIM 15 19]; Leviticus 1 7, 13; Numbers 20:1 25:18, 31:1 32:42; Joshua 1 12 and Judges 1 Source Reader, pp. 1 7 Further reading: Israel in Egypt traditions (Hoffmeier 1997; Redmount 1998); Sinai tradition (Levenson 1985) Week 2 Lecture 4. READINGS: Lecture 3. READINGS: The Tradition of the Conquest of Canaan J. Callaway, The Settlement in Canaan: The Period of the Judges in AI: 55 89; Philistine and Israelite settlement (Stager 1995); Schniedewind, pp. 48 90 Further reading: archaeology of Israelite settlement (Finkelstein 1988; Stager 1998) Lecture 5. READINGS: Early Israelite Settlement and the Judges of Israel Miller & Hayes 2006: chaps. 4 5; Bible: Judges 2 21; [SKIM Ruth]; 1 Samuel Week 3 Lecture 6. READINGS: From the Rise of David to the Construction of the First Temple Miller & Hayes 2006: chaps. 6 7; Bible: 2 Samuel 1 Kings 1 11; Genesis 1 11 Solomon s patrimonial kingdom (Stager 2003); Further reading: Solomonic literature (Friedman 2003); Jerusalem (Cahill 2003) ***PAPER DUE PAPER #1 DUE Evaluate the major theories about the emergence of the Israelites. What textual and archaeological evidence are cited to support these theories? With which scholars did these theories originate? Lecture 7. READINGS: A Community Divided: Civil War and the Omride Dynasty (930 839 BC) Miller & Hayes 2006: chaps. 8 10; Bible: 1 Kings 12 2 Kings 8:29 2 Patriarchs to the Rabbis Source Reader, pp. 13 14; Week 4 Lecture 8. READINGS: Assyria, the Jehu Dynasty, and the Fall of Israel (839 720 BC) Miller & Hayes 2006: chaps. 11 12 Bible: 2 Kings 9 18:12 Hezekiah, the Eighth Century Prophets, and Pax Assyriaca (720 640 BC) Miller & Hayes 2006: chap. 13; Bible: 2 Kings 18:13 21:26; 8th cent. prophets: Isaiah, Amos, Hosea Lecture 9. READINGS: Week 5 Lecture 10. READINGS: Josiah s Reforms (ca. 640 608 BC) to the Fall of Judah (586 BC) Miller & Hayes 2006: chap. 14;Schniedewind, pp. 91 138; Bible: 2 Kings 18 25; Source Reader, pp. 8 11, 14 15; ***MID-TERM EXAM*** Lecture 11. Week 6 Lecture 12. READINGS: Exile & Diaspora Miller & Hayes 2006: chaps. 15 16; Bible: Lamentations, Psalms 79 and 137; Schniedewind, pp. 139 164; Further reading: Jewish Temple in Elephantine (Rosenberg 2004) Persian Period Judah & the Return Schniedewind, pp. 165 194 & epilogue; Bible: Ezra, Nehemiah, [SKIM Esther]; Source Reader, pp. 11 12; Further reading: Archaeology (Stern 1995; 2001: 351 582) ***PAPER DUE PAPER #2 DUE Compare and contrast the reforms of Hezekiah and Josiah. Of what did these reforms consist? How were these reforms central to the formation of Jewish identity? Week 7 Lecture 14. READINGS: Lecture 13. READINGS: Hellenism and the Hasmoneans: Turning from East to West Levine, The Age of Hellenism: Alexander the Great and the Rise and the Fall of the Hasmonean Kingdom, pp. 231 64 in AI; Judaism in the Hellenistic Diaspora (Schiffman 1991: 80 97); Apocrypha, Pseudepigrapha, and the Dead Sea Scrolls (Schiffman 1991: 120 38); Further reading: Archaeology of Hellenistic Palestine (Berlin 1997) Lecture 15. READINGS: The Dead Sea Scrolls and the Qumran Community Schiffman, Reclaiming the Dead Sea Scrolls (1994), pp. 3 19, 37 61; Selections from DSS (Schiffman 1998: 354 67); Source reader, pp. 20 24 Further Reading: Qumran (Magness 2002)*; Dead Scrolls Sea (Verm s 1997)* Comment [AAB1]: Scan. 3 Patriarchs to the Rabbis Week 8 Tuesday NO CLASS Thanksgiving NO CLASS Week 9 Lecture 16. READINGS: Herod, Jewish Sectarianism, and Christianity Sectarianism in the Second Commonwealth (Schiffman 1991: 98 119); The Jewish-Christian Schism (Schiffman 1991: 139 56); Selections (Schiffman 1998: 372 95); Source Reader, pp. 16 19; Further reading: Hasmonean and Herodian palaces (Netzer 2001); Herodian archaeology (Shanks and Cole 1990) Lecture 17. READINGS: First and Second Jewish revolt Cohen, Roman Domination: The Jewish Revolt and the Destruction of the Second Temple, pp. 265 98 in AI; Revolt and Restoration (Schiffman 1991: 157 76); Historical selections (Schiffman 1998: 434 74, 87 94); Source reader, pp. 25 31; Further reading: Masada (Yadin 1966); Bar-Kokhba (Yadin 1971) ***PAPER DUE PAPER #3 DUE Discuss the full effects of Jewish sectarianism by the first century AD. In what directions did sectarianism lead? How were these both fundamental to and counter to Jewish identity in the centuries to follow? Week 10 Lecture 18. READINGS: Coping with Crisis: The Sanhedrin at Yavneh Mishnah: The New Scripture (Schiffman 1991: 177 200); Selections from the Mishnah (Schiffman 1998: 497 503, 23 26, 32 34, 43 46, 719 21, 25 32) Talmud The Sea of Talmud (Schiffman 1991: 220 39); The Life of Torah (Schiffman 1991: 240 65); Selections from Talmud (Schiffman 1998: 627 56) Lecture 19. READINGS: FINAL EXAM, 3 5 PM, MONDAY, DECEMBER 10TH 4 Patriarchs to the Rabbis On Reserve On Israelite religion: (Albertz 1992a; b) Historical treatments General history of Palestine (Ahlstr m 1993) Histories of Israel (Noth 1960; Bright 1981; Hayes and Miller 1977; Miller and Hayes 1986) note that some of these are more dated than others! From Ezra to the Last of the Maccabees (Bickerman 1962) From the Maccabees to the Mishnah (Cohen 1987) History of Jewish People (Sch urer 1973; Malamat and Ben-Sasson 1976) Archaeology of Israel The Archaeology of the Israelite Settlement (Finkelstein 1988) General treatments (Mazar 1990; Ben-Tor 1992) 5 Patriarchs to the Rabbis Bibliography Ahlstr m, G. W. 1993 The History of Ancient Palestine from the Paleolithic to Alexander s Conquest. Journal for the Study of the Old Testament. Sheffield. Albertz, R. 1992a A History of Israelite Religion in the Old Testament Period, Vol. 1: From the Beginings to the End of the Monarchy. Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox. 1992b A History of Israelite Religion in the Old Testament Period, Vol. 2: From the Exile to the Maccabees. Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox. Ben-Tor, A., ed. 1992 The Archaeology of Ancient Israel. New Haven: Yale University Press. Berlin, A. M. 1997 Between Large Forces in the Hellenistic Period. Biblical Archaeologist 60: 2 51. Bickerman, E. J. 1962 From Ezra to the Last of the Maccabees: Foundations of Post-Biblical Judaism. New York: Schocken Books. Bright, J. 1981 A History of Israel. 3rd ed. Westminster Aids to the Study of the Scriptures. Philadelphia: Westminster. Cahill, J. M. 2003 Jerusalem at the Time of the United Monarchy. Pp. 13 80 in Jerusalem in Bible and Archaeology: The First Temple Period, eds. A. G. Vaughn, and Killebrew, A. E. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature. Cohen, S. J. D. 1987 From the Maccabees to the Mishnah. 1st ed. Library of early Christianity 7. Philadelphia: Westminster. Finkelstein, I. 1988 The Archaeology of the Israelite Settlement. Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society. Freedman, D. N.; Herion, G. A.; Graf, D. F.; and Pleins, J. D., eds. 1992 The Anchor Bible Dictionary. 1st ed. 6 vols. New York: Doubleday. Friedman, R. E. 2003 Solomon and the Great Histories. Pp. 171 80 in Jerusalem in Bible and Archaeology: The First Temple Period, eds. A. G. Vaughn, and Killebrew, A. E. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature. Hayes, J. H., and Miller, J. M., eds. 1977 Israelite and Judaean History. Philadelphia: Trinity Press International. Hoffmeier, J. K. 1997 Israel in Egypt: The Evidence for the Authenticity of the Exodus Tradition. New York: Oxford University Press. Levenson, J. D. 1985 Sinai and Zion: An Entry into the Jewish Bible. San Francisco: Harper. Magness, J. 2002 The Archaeology of Qumran and the Dead Sea Scrolls. Studies in the Dead Sea Scrolls and Related Literature. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans. Malamat, A., and Ben-Sasson, H. H. 1976 A History of the Jewish People. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. Mazar, A. 1990 Archaeology of the Land of the Bible 10,000 586 BCE. 1st ed. Anchor Bible Reference Library. New York: Doubleday. Miller, J. M., and Hayes, J. H. 1986 A History of Ancient Israel and Judah. 1st ed. Philadelphia: Westminster. 6 Patriarchs to the Rabbis Netzer, E. 2001 The Palaces of the Hasmoneans and Herod the Great. Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society: Institute of Archaeology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Noth, M. 1960 The History of Israel. 2nd ed. New York: Harper. Redmount, C. A. 1998 Bitter Lives: Israel in and out of Egypt. Pp. 79 121 in The Oxford History of the Biblical World, ed. M. D. Coogan. New York: Oxford University Press. Rosenberg, S. G. 2004 The Jewish Temple at Elephantine. Near Eastern Archaeology 67: 4 13. Sch urer, E. 1973 The History of the Jewish People in the Age of Jesus Christ (175 B.C. A.D. 135). Edinburgh: Clark Schiffman, L. H. 1991 From Text to Tradition: A History of Second Temple and Rabbinic Judaism. Hoboken, NJ: Ktav. 1994 Reclaiming the Dead Sea Scrolls: The History of Judaism, the Background of Christianity, the Lost Library of Qumran. 1st ed. Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society. 1998 Texts and Traditions: A Source Reader for the Study of Second Temple and Rabbinic Judaism. Hoboken, NJ: KTAV Pub. House. Schniedewind, W. M. 2004 How the Bible Became a Book: The Textualization of Ancient Israel. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. van Seters, J. 1975 Abraham in History and Tradition. New Haven: Yale University Press. Shanks, H., and Cole, D. P. 1990 Archaeology in the World of Herod, Jesus and Paul. Archaeology and the Bible: The Best of BAR. Washington, D.C.: Biblical Archaeology Society. Stager, L. E. 1995 The Impact of the Sea Peoples in Canaan (1185 1050 BCE). Pp. 332 48 in The Archaeology of Society in the Holy Land, ed. T. E. Levy. New York: Facts on File. 1998 Forging an Identity: The Emergence of Ancient Israel. Pp. 122 75 in The Oxford History of the Biblical World, ed. M. D. Coogan. New York: Oxford University Press. 2003 The Patrimonial Kingdom of Solomon. Pp. 63 74 in Symbiosis, Symbolism, and the Power of the Past: Canaan, Ancient Israel, and Their Neighbors from the Late Bronze Age through Roman Palaestina, eds. W. G. Dever, and Gitin, S. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns. Stern, E. 1995 Between Persia and Greece: Trade, Administration and Warfare in the Persian and Hellenistic Periods (539 63 BCE). Pp. 433 45 in The Archaeology of Society in the Holy Land, ed. T. E. Levy. New York: Facts on File. 2001 Archaeology of the Land of the Bible, Vol. II: The Assyrian, Babylonian, and Persian Periods (732 332 B.C.E.). 1st ed. Anchor Bible Reference Library. New York: Doubleday. Thompson, T. L. 1974 The Historicity of the Patriarchal Narratives: The Quest for the Historical Abraham. Beiheft zur Zeitschrift f r die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft. New York: Walter de Gruyter. Verm s, G. 1997 The Dead Sea Scrolls in English. 3rd ed. London: Penguin. Yadin, Y. 1966 Masada: Herod s Fortress and the Zealots Last Stand. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. 1971 Bar Kohkba. London. 7

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