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Course: ARCH 631, Fall 2008School: Texas A&M
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STRUCTURES ARCHITECTURAL III: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND SYSTEMS ARCH 631 DR. ANNE NICHOLS FALL 2008 fifteen design for lateral loads Lateral Load Design 1 Lecture 15 Architectural Structures III ARCH 631 F2008abn lecture Lateral Load Resistance stability important for any height basic mechanisms shear walls diaphragms diagonal bracing frame action resist any direction laterally without excessive...
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STRUCTURES ARCHITECTURAL III: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND SYSTEMS
ARCH 631
DR. ANNE NICHOLS FALL 2008
fifteen
design for lateral loads
Lateral Load Design 1 Lecture 15 Architectural Structures III ARCH 631 F2008abn
lecture
Lateral Load Resistance
stability important for any height basic mechanisms
shear walls diaphragms diagonal bracing frame action
resist any direction laterally without excessive movement
Lateral Load Design 2 Lecture 15 Architectural Structures III ARCH 631 F2008abn
Lateral Load Resistance
deformations load transfer & in-plane forces
Lateral Load Design 3 Lecture 15
Architectural Structures III ARCH 631
F2008abn
Load Direction
layout
Lateral Load Design 4 Lecture 15
Architectural Structures III ARCH 631
F2008abn
Rectangular Buildings
short side (in red)
needs to resist most wind bigger surface area shear walls common
long side
other mechanisms
long & low
may only need end bracing
symmetry important
avoid distortions, ex. twisting
Lateral Load Design 5 Lecture 15 Architectural Structures III ARCH 631 F2008abn
Shear Walls
resist lateral load in plane with wall
Lateral Load Design 6 Lecture 15
Architectural Structures III ARCH 631
F2008abn
Shear Walls
lateral resistance
Lateral Load Design 7 Lecture 15
Architectural Structures III ARCH 631
F2008abn
Shear Walls
masonry concrete
10' H h=15' A B C 18' 6'
Lateral Load Design 8 Lecture 15
Architectural Structures III ARCH 631
F2008abn
Shear Walls
timber
wall studs with sheathing vertical trusses
Lateral Load Design 9 Lecture 15
Architectural Structures III ARCH 631
F2008abn
Shear Walls
steel
Lateral Load Design 10 Lecture 15
Architectural Structures III ARCH 631
F2008abn
Shear Walls
insulated concrete forms (ICF)
Lateral Load Design 11 Lecture 15
Architectural Structures III ARCH 631
F2008abn
Diaphragms
roof and floor framing and decks relative stiffness necessary in pin connected beam-column frames with no horizontal resisting elements
Lateral Load Design 12 Lecture 15
Architectural Structures III ARCH 631
F2008abn
Diaphragms
connections critical drag struts
Lateral Load Design 13 Lecture 15
Architectural Structures III ARCH 631
F2008abn
Rigid Framing and Bracing
Lateral Load Design 14 Lecture 15
Architectural Structures III ARCH 631
F2008abn
Rigid Framing and Bracing
Lateral Load Design 15 Lecture 15
Architectural Structures III ARCH 631
F2008abn
Frame Action
choice influenced by ease of rigid joint construction by system
concrete steel timber braces
bending moments mean larger members
Lateral Load Design 16 Lecture 15
Architectural Structures III ARCH 631
F2008abn
Shear Walls & Diagonal Bracing
use with pin connected members
steel common concrete rare
solid shear walls
concrete masonry
wide spaced shear walls or diagonal bracing requires floor diaphragms
timber, steel or composite
Lateral Load Design 17 15 Lecture Architectural Structures III ARCH 631 F2008abn
Member Orientation
strong axis
biggest I in a non-doubly-symmetric section resists bending better
frame action & narrow dimension buildings
deep direction parallel to long is typical very narrow parallel to short
Lateral Load Design 18 Lecture 15 Architectural Structures III ARCH 631 F2008abn
Member Characteristics
long span members preclude frame action
shear walls can be combined with bearing walls
use determines orientation
Lateral Load Design 19 Lecture 15 Architectural Structures III ARCH 631 F2008abn
Building Height and Resistance
low-medium rise
easier to accommodate ex. residential
shear walls diagonal bracing floor diaphragms (panels)
high rise
shear walls & bracing hinder functions frames useful or with shear walls
Lateral Load Design 20 Lecture 15 Architectural Structures III ARCH 631 F2008abn
Multistory Buildings
strength design
frame action efficient up to ~ 10 stories steel systems reinforced concrete
flat plate & columns
lower lateral capacity edge moments can't be resisted end walls offer shear resistance
flat slab one-way two-way
higher resistance
elevator cores
Lateral Load Design 21 Lecture 15 Architectural Structures III ARCH 631 F2008abn
Multistory Buildings
overturning, rigidity
Lateral Load Design 22 Lecture 15
Architectural Structures III ARCH 631
F2008abn
Strength Design
moments like cantilever beam tube action bigger I elements
rigid at exterior resist lateral loads interior can only carry gravity loads
"stiffen" narrow shaped plans with shape
Lateral Load Design 23 Lecture 15 Architectural Structures III ARCH 631 F2008abn
Deflection and Motion Control
serviceability iss...
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