GIS USING FOR SELECTING NEW LOCATION OF MATERIAL RECOVERY CENTER FOR THE CITY OF CHARLOTTESVILLE
Aldy Mardikanto Semester Project Fall 07 PLAN 512
Outline
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Introduction Problem definition Problem solving GIS application Conclusion
Introduction Problem Definition
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Material Recovery Facility Accepts, separates, processes and stores materials for later use maximize the quantity of recyclables processed Recycling rate trend VA : 13.6% annually Charlottesville
1979 : 1 ton/day Present time : 6.8 ton/day 2020 : 9.7 37.9 ton/day
Problem solving GIS Application
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Finding new location
Requirements (adopted from EPA and Snyder County, PA)
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GIS Application Join land use table with parcel shapefile land use map Selection by attributes To select MRF-related parcels from parcel layer Buffer and selection by location To eliminate vacant parcels within a certain distance to certain parcels according to the requirements Selection by attributes To select parcels with area > 7500 ft2 Raster data Convert features to raster (study grid, streets buffers, final vacant parcels) Cost weighted distance allocation
MRF-related parcels
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Free flood locations
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Distant locations from residential dwellings, schools, libraries, and recreational parcels
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Locations with good hydrant
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Cost weighted distance
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Recommendation
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11 potential locations for Cvilles new MRF
Thanks !
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Questions and Answers
Charlottesville Land Use Map
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Locations (area>7500 ft2)
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Using GIS in finding candidates for Material Recovery Facility (MRF) for the City of Charlottesville PLAN 512 GIS Aldy Mardikanto
I. Problem Definition
Recycling is the reprocessing of materials into new products. It is a key concept of modern waste management; it reduces the inputs (energy and raw materials) to a production system and
reduces the amount of waste produced for disposal. [1]
A materials recovery facility (MRF) accepts materials, whether source separated or mixed, separates, processes and stores them for later use as raw materials for remanufacturing and reprocessing. The main function of the MRF is to maximize the quantity of recyclables processed and also to process wastes into a feedstock for biological conversion or into a fuel source for the production of energy. [2] The City of Charlottesville provides refuse collection through the purchase of trash stickers as well as curbside pickup of some recyclable items. Program includes free collection of glass, metal, aluminum cans, newspapers, magazines, and catalogs. This recycling center is located in McIntire Road. It has been receiving recyclable material since 1979 with its first year intake of over 691,000 lbs. The materials received in the center are classified into 9 categories, namely boxboard, file stock, corrugated (cardboard), newspaper and magazines, clear glass, green and blue glass, brown and yellow glass, plastic, and metal and aluminum cans. Today, the Center receives visits from over 500 customers each day and recycles over 5 million pounds of recyclables each year. [3] Meanwhile, the statewide recycling rate in Virginia is growing 13.6% annually in average from 29.8% in 2004 to 38.4% in 2006. Using the statewide average annual rate and the increase of the centers intake of recyclable material, the estimate of the centers intake in 2020 would be between 3,573 - 13,800 tons/year (9.7 37.9 tons per day - TPD) [4] The high amount of the centers intake might require the city to look for another location. This future location will not only provide more space in handling the recyclable materials, but also stimulate people in Charlottesville and the surrounding area to recycle more. Besides that, the current location,
beside the baseball stadium in McIntire Road, might not be too safe for the stadium users as the rate of waste traffic coming to and from the center increases.
II. Problem solving and analysis
This semester project uses GIS application to provide options for future location of material recovery facility (MRF) for Charlottesville area. This is done by the following steps: 1. Set up the requirements/constraints 2. Gather the data needed 3. Perform GIS application 4. List of candidates for future location of MRF. 1. Set up the requirements of MRF According to EPA, the three main criteria of MRF siting are space needs, safety, and accessibility. These criteria are translated into a more detailed set of requirements. These detailed requirements, some adopted from MRF requirements of Snyder County, PA, will be the guidance in performing GIS application. [5] Minimum site area of 7,500 ft2 (using conversion factor for MRF area requirement of 200ft2/TPD [2]) 100 feet away from flood plain 900 feet away from a school, park or library 200 feet away from a residential dwelling Not a park Have an adequate facility for safety (100 ft from hydrants)
2. Gather the data needed Given the criteria of the location, the data needed are: Parcels and landuse data Floodplain Hydrants
3. GIS techniques Step-by-step GIS techniques performed in this project assignment are as follows:
Gather data and show them as layers in ArcMap Create buffer 100 ft from floodplain, 900 ft from school, park, recreational parcel, and library, and 200 ft from residential dwelling Choose locations that is vacant with minimum area of 7,500 ft2 and have good hydrant Evaluate the influence of locations by cost weighted distance allocation.
4. List of candidates for future location of MRF. Having done the spatial analysis on GIS, some locations that meet the requirements are found and presented in Table 1. Table 1. Parcels meeting all requirements for the new MRF
Location number 5894 7800 5913 7334 5760 5866 6806 7958 8672 14040 14041 Location 9th-10th Conn West main st E Market St 11th St E Water St West Main St 9th-10th Conn West main st 10th St NE Cherry Avenue 1st St S Highland Ave Highland Ave
5. Spatial Analysis Zonal statistics : Cost weighted allocation of the options of locations how showed many residential parcels are under its influence. It is shown in Table 2 that the parcel number 5894, 6806, and 14040 are the top three location having the most residential parcels in their area. This could mean that from the accessibility stand point, these locations would be preferable since they could be reached by many citys residents. This condition could stimulate the residents to recycle their waste and would eventually decrease the waste disposed to the citys landfill.
Table 2. Number of residential parcels allocated to each location options for new MRF
Location number 5894 7800 5913 7334 5760 5866 6806 7958 8672 14040 14041 Number of residential parcels 2549 1104 0 298 1105 503 1694 695 997 1566 41
These options of location will be a recommendation to the municipality for another or a new location of MRF. The interaction with decision makers and other stakeholders for choosing the new location will be necessary as they would put different weights on requirements or even modify the requirements if none of the options suit their expectation or needs.
III. Discussion of GIS application
1. Finding problem and the related data After reading some applications of GIS to support problem solving process, I realized that GIS application could give a better understanding and interpretation of problems. This was possible through the display of data and its ability in performing analysis spatially. Since it is an engine powered by data, data collection and provision becomes the key in utilizing GIS. Initially I was interested in doing map of access for municipal sanitation services (drinking water, wastewaster and solid waste) for developing communities which would help related authority of a given area decide which area under its responsibility that should be prioritized in the improvement or provision of access water and sanitation. The lack of data prevented me in performing this project. Through this and other experience, I actually learnt that data collection has been neglected by authorities of those communities and realized that the collection of data is important, not only for
the purpose of performing GIS application, but also to perform systems analysis which could provide a better understanding of the problem. 2. The applications used in the project Buffering, selecting by location and attribute The MRF location requires vacant parcels with certain distance from certain other locations, such as being no closer than 900 ft away from school or 300 ft away from residential dwellings. These requirements were translated into GIS application mostly by performing buffer and selection by locations. For example, for the requirements of the distance to school, the eliminated parcels were those which were selected under the 900ft buffer of schools. Selection by attribute was also performed for the area requirement; parcels that had area of 7,500 ft2 or larger were those which were kept. Using raster data : defining study grid is important
Using raster data was also involved in this project for the distance analysis. The data converted into raster data were vacant parcels which fulfill the distance and area requirements and buffer of streets. I learnt that study grids should be defined before doing any spatial analysis using the raster data. This could be done by converting study area to raster data or by defining manually the extent of the study grid. The first method would result in study grid that exactly fits the study area latter would result in a rectangular study grid. Spatial analyst, cost weighted distance, zonal statistics
This appl...