201
23. Sociology Unobtrusive Measures II
Content Analysis Historical Analysis
Total = 38 slides
1
Preview
4 Review homework 4 Continuing
Unobtrusive Measures
Content Analysis Historical Research
We'll do an exercise
Total = 38 slides
2
A Quick Overview of
Content Analysis
Total = 38 slides
3
Content to Analyze
4 Books 4 Speeches 4 Laws 4 Paintings 4 Songs 4 Graffiti 4 etc. etc.
Total = 38 slides 4
Sampling techniques
4 Same as in survey sampling 4 Sampling units: books paragraphs lines etc. 4 Can select probability samples
Total = 38 slides 5
Coding Methods
4 Manifest content More reliable, less valid 4 Latent content Less reliable, more valid 4 Why not use both? No reason why not
Total = 38 slides
6
Strengths of Content Analysis
4 Unobtrusive 4 Economy of time and money 4 Can redo the work if you make mistakes 4 Longitudinal studies possible
Total = 38 slides
7
Weaknesses of Content Analysis
4 Only recorded communications 4 Validity can be a problem 4 Usually simple analyses
Total = 38 slides
8
Scavenger Hunt
Find something to answer:
4 "How old is
the school you attend?"
Bring physical evidence if possible (Don't steal stuff)
Total = 38 slides 9
The Official Story
4 Chapman traces its roots to Hesperian College, opened at
the very hour of Abraham Lincoln's inauguration as the sixteenth U. S. president. Hesperian and several other institutions later merged with California Christian College in Los Angeles. In 1934 the institution was renamed in recognition of its most generous benefactor, C. C. Chapman, successful real estate investor, rancher and pioneer Orange County church leader. The college moved to the city of Orange in 1954. In September of 1991 the college became Chapman University, further strengthening its commitment to graduate programs, international education and an innovative undergraduate curriculum and 10 graduate programs. (Chapman slides Total = 38 University, 1996: 1)
Hesperian College, 1861
4 The opening of the new Hesperian College building took
place today at 10:30 a.m. The Chapel basement was well filled with pupils, professors, friends, and visitors. The opening exercises were commenced with general singing, led by Miss Josie Watkins as organist. After which Professor Elston, President of the College, made a short speech upon "Knowledge is Power" which he concluded by referring to the knowledge of the Bible, which lay open before him as the foundation and true source of all knowledge and power. (Clover, 1960:198)
Total = 38 slides 11
The Official History
4 1861: Hesperian College in Woodland 4 1896: Berkeley Bible Seminary formed of Hesperian, Christian College of Santa Rosa, and Pierce Christian College 4 1921: BBS moved to Los Angeles and was renamed California Christian College 4 1934: Renamed Chapman College
Total = 38 slides 12
1942-43 Catalog
4 The foundations of the college were laid in the deep desire
of the Disciples of Christ in California to create an institution of Christian learning to serve not their own educational needs along, but the general cause of Christian culture. 4 In 1912 Mr. Charles C. Chapman pledged, for the starting of a new college, $50,000, upon the condition that the Disciples of Christ in California secure an additional $150,000. In 1919 Mr. Chapman declared his intention of giving $200,000, provided his brethren in the churches of Southern California would raise an additional $100,000. (Chapman College, 1942:IX)slides 13 Total = 38
Did Chapman Begin in 1920?
4 The account goes on to acknowledge the
other major contributors, as well as Mr. Chapman's subsequent doubling of his challenge pledge. The final paragraph begins, "The work of instruction was begun September 13, 1920, in temporary quarters in the Wilshire Boulevard Christian Church." (Chapman College, 1942:IX)
Total = 38 slides 14
The 1921-22 Catalog Agrees
4
The very first (1921-22) catalog of California School of Christianity describes the same Hesperian-less history, though with more details as to the early fund-raising activities. The "Historical Sketch" begins:
The vision of a great institution of learning to serve the Christian Churches of California, as an educational, evangelizing and spiritual center, was first proposed at a great brotherhood meeting in Los Angeles in 1909. This was followed by the appointment of an Educational Committee by the Christian Ministers' Association of of Southern California to pioneer the way. (California College of Christianity, 1921:7)
4
Total = 38 slides
15
1921-22 Catalog
4 Following the convention the brethren in California North were
invited to join in the enterprise, adding the assets of Berkeley Bible Seminary to the funds in the South and, merging that school with the new institution, present to the brotherhood of the state one institution of learning for the training of our young people, and which by reason of united support, might be developed into a first-class institution. These overtures were kindly received by the brethren in Northern California, and, on April 7, 1920, consolidation the of "California Bible College," [sic] and "California Christian College" was effected under the name "California School of Christianity,:" with the trustees of the two institutions forming the new board, as provided by law. (California College of Christianity, 1921:8)
Total = 38 slides 16
Commencement Announcements
4 1927: "The fifth annual commencement. . ." 4 1928: ". . .the largest class to be graduated.
4 1929: 4 1930:
It is the sixth." ". . .invite you to attend the Seventh Annual Commencement. . ." "EIGHTH GRADUATING CLASS IS THE LARGEST, Numbering 20."
Total = 38 slides
17
1923 CEER (first yearbook)
4 Memory carries us back to the thirteenth day of
September, 1920, when ten of us met as the first Student Body, at the Wilshire Blvd. Christian Church. It is hard to say just what our thoughts and hopes were at that time, but all had supreme confidence in the new institution that was to train young people to do more effective Christian work. These ten students realized that they were to be the foundation upon which a larger and more adequate institution must build, and so with that in mind they, in co-operation with the faculty, which at that time consisted of two members only, set to work to build a standard that would be worthy of following. (California School of 18 Christianity, 1923:17) Total = 38 slides
So What Happened?
4 1920-1944 official story: Chapman began in 1920 4 1945-1996 official story: Chapman began in 1861 4 The answer lies in Whittier
Total = 38 slides
19
The Whittier Hiatus
4 Trustee Reeves visited faculty meeting
Total = 38 slides
20
The Whittier Hiatus
4 Trustee Reeves visited faculty meeting 4 Told them they were all fired
Total = 38 slides
21
The Whittier Hiatus
4 Trustee Reeves visited faculty meeting 4 Told them they were all fired 4 Fall 1942 Chapman opened on Whittier campus Chapman students went to class with
Whittier students and Whittier faculty
But Chapman College still functioned. . .
Total = 38 slides 22
. . .under President George N. Reeves
Total = 38 slides
23
Reactions to the move
4 Parents were upset
Total = 38 slides
24
Reactions to the move
4 Parents were upset 4 Students were upset
Total = 38 slides
25
Reactions to the move
4 Parents were upset 4 Students were upset 4 Alumni were upset
Total = 38 slides
26
Enrollments plummeted
4 Chapman Students Graduating 1940: 50 1941: 58 1942: 59 1943: 31 (at Whittier) 1944: 20 (at Whittier) 1945: 12 (at Whittier)
Total = 38 slides 27
Dean Rush Deskins in CEER
4
The three years I have taught in our college have been the most tragic years of its history. Soon after my coming one could see the clouds of adversity gathering. I sat through many meetings where one could almost hear the solemn dirge of death. During the three intervening years I have discovered a certain invincible spirit that shall never know defeat. It gives one the assurance that Chapman's brightest days are ahead. A small band of stud...