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Course: CHEM 2200, Fall 2009
School: Laurentian
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25 Metabolic Pathways for Lipids and Amino Acids Study Goals Describe the sites, enzymes, and products for the digestion of triacylglycerols. Describe the oxidation of <a href="/keyword/fatty-acids/" ><a href="/keyword/fatty-acid/" >fatty acid</a> s</a> via _-oxidation. Calculate the ATP produced by the complete oxidation...

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25 Metabolic Pathways for Lipids and Amino Acids Study Goals Describe the sites, enzymes, and products for the digestion of triacylglycerols. Describe the oxidation of <a href="/keyword/fatty-acids/" ><a href="/keyword/fatty-acid/" >fatty acid</a> s</a> via _-oxidation. Calculate the ATP produced by the complete oxidation of a <a href="/keyword/fatty-acid/" >fatty acid</a> . Explain ketogenesis and the conditions in the cell that form ketone bodies. Describe the biosynthesis of <a href="/keyword/fatty-acids/" ><a href="/keyword/fatty-acid/" >fatty acid</a> s</a> from acetyl CoA. Describe the sites, enzymes, and products of the digestion of dietary proteins. Explain the role of transamination and oxidative deamination in the degradation of amino acids. Describe the formation of urea from ammonium ion. Explain how <a href="/keyword/carbon-atoms/" >carbon atoms</a> from amino acids are prepared to enter the <a href="/keyword/citric-acid-cycle/" ><a href="/keyword/citric-acid/" >citric acid</a> cycle</a> or other pathways. Show how nonessential amino acids are synthesized from substances used in the <a href="/keyword/citric-acid-cycle/" ><a href="/keyword/citric-acid/" >citric acid</a> cycle</a> and other pathways. Chapter Outline 25.1 Digestion of Triacylglycerols Explore Your World: Digestion of Fats 25.2 Oxidation of <a href="/keyword/fatty-acids/" ><a href="/keyword/fatty-acid/" >fatty acid</a> s</a> 25.3 ATP and <a href="/keyword/fatty-acid/" >fatty acid</a> Oxidation Health Note: Stored Fat and Obesity Explore Your World: Fat Storage and Blubber 25.4 Ketogenesis and Ketone Bodies Health Note: Ketone Bodies and Diabetes 25.5 <a href="/keyword/fatty-acid/" >fatty acid</a> Synthesis 25.6 Digestion of Proteins 25.7 Degradation of Amino Acids 25.8 Urea Cycle 25.9 Fates of the <a href="/keyword/carbon-atoms/" >carbon atoms</a> from Amino Acids 25.10 Synthesis of Amino Acids Health Note: Homocysteine and <a href="/keyword/coronary-heart-disease/" ><a href="/keyword/coronary-heart/" >coronary heart</a> disease</a> Health Note: Phenylketonurea (PKU) Chapter Summary The oxidation of <a href="/keyword/fatty-acids/" ><a href="/keyword/fatty-acid/" >fatty acid</a> s</a> to acetyl CoA is described along with the ATP energy from fats and the formation of ketone bodies. <a href="/keyword/fatty-acid/" >fatty acid</a> synthesis from acetyl CoA describes the way in which carbohydrates contribute to fat stores. The digestion of proteins and the degradation of amino acids discuss how <a href="/keyword/carbon-atoms/" >carbon atoms</a> from amino acids can enter the <a href="/keyword/citric-acid-cycle/" ><a href="/keyword/citric-acid/" >citric acid</a> cycle</a> . We also see how components of the <a href="/keyword/citric-acid-cycle/" ><a href="/keyword/citric-acid/" >citric acid</a> cycle</a> are converted to nonessential amino acids for protein synthesis. The urea cycle discusses how ammonium ion from amino acid degradation is detoxified in the body.
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