208 CHEMISTRY Survey of Human Biochemistry Fall Term, 2008
Quiz #6 (White Version) (6 points) Wednesday, November 26, 2008 Name _______________________________________
In each of the following, indicate the correct answer by circling the appropriate letter. 1. The difference between a DNA virus and a retrovirus is that __________________. a. b. c. d. 2. protein synthesis in the DNA virus translates from the chromosome directly a retrovirus does not involve DNA at all in its lifecycle a retrovirus has an RNA chromosome that is used to make DNA transcription in a DNA virus makes a DNA messenger
The name of the missing compound in the following reaction is _________________. _______________ + H2O galactose + glucose a. b. sucrose lactose c. d. amylose maltose
3.
The initial five steps of glycolysis (energy investing phase) requires the input of ___________ of ATP for each molecule of glucose. a. b. 3 1 c. d. 2 4
4.
During the metabolic pathway known as gluconeogenesis _____________. a. b. c. d. glucose is converted to other carbohydrates glucose is broken down to make pyruvate glucose is made into fatty acids in the liver glucose is synthesized from noncarbohydrate sources
5.
Which one of the following conditions would lead to an increase in the rate of glycogenolysis? a. b. c. d. secretion of glucagon high levels blood glucose high levels of ATP in the cell secretion of insulin
6.
Under anaerobic conditions in glycolysis, pyruvate is converted into lactate. This is done _______. a. b. c. d. to remove pyruvate because it is a strong acid to remove pyruvate because it is toxic to convert NADH back to NAD+ to produce additional ATP
CHEMISTRY 208 Survey of Human Biochemistry Fall Term, 2008
Quiz #6 (White Version) ANSWER KEY Wednesday, November 26, 2008 1. Name ____________________________________
Answer: c Retroviruses have a RNA chromosome and when they infect a cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase catalyzes copying the of the RNA into a complementary DNA. This DNA then codes for the synthesis of the mRNA for the viral proteins and also serves as the template for production of new copies on the viral RNA chromosome. Answer: b Lactose is a disaccharide composed of glucose and galactose; sucrose is composed of glucose and fructose and both amylose and maltose contain only glucose. Answer: c The first reaction in glycolysis uses one ATP to phosphorylate glucose, producing glucose 6phosphate; the glucose 6-phosphate is isomerized to fructose 6-phosphate and then a second ATP is used to convert this into fructose 1,6-bisphosphate. Answer: d Gluconeogenesis is the metabolic pathway by which glucose is made from noncarbohydate compounds (such as lactate). This pathway occurs in the liver and its function is to make glucose to be put into the blood in order to help maintain the proper blood glucose level. Answer: a Glycogenolysis is the metabolic pathway by which stored glycogen in either the liver or the skeletal muscle is broken down to glucose 6-phosphate and then in the case of the liver, to glucose. The hormone glucagon is secreted when the blood glucose level f...