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Specifying Formally and Verifying Real-Time Systems with ASTRAL Richard A. Kemmerer What is a Real-Time System? A system whose semantics depend on the speed of execution of (some of) the activities A system where a failure to produce certain results within given time limits (too early ... too late) may result in an error (whose effect may be catastrophic A system whose performance and correctness can not be...
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Specifying Formally and Verifying Real-Time Systems with ASTRAL
Richard A. Kemmerer
What is a Real-Time System?
A system whose semantics depend on the speed of execution of (some of) the activities A system where a failure to produce certain results within given time limits (too early ... too late) may result in an error (whose effect may be catastrophic A system whose performance and correctness can not be separated
ASTRAL GCMPSC 266 10 MAR 09
Reliable Software Group Computer Science Department University of California, Santa Barbara
ASTRAL
GCMPSC 266 10 MAR 09
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Real-Time Systems
In 1977 Wirth classified programs into three types Sequential Parallel Processing-time dependent (i.e., realtime)
Verifying Real-Time Systems
Sequential and real-time systems both have critical functionality requirements Real-time systems must also meet critical performance deadlines
ASTRAL
GCMPSC 266 10 MAR 09
ASTRAL
GCMPSC 266 10 MAR 09
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ASTRAL Solution
Develop a formal specification language Develop a formal proof system for proving properties about the specifications Build tools to support the construction and use of the specifications
ASTRAL GCMPSC 266 10 MAR 09
Goals for ASTRAL
Language usability was a major design factor Tool development proceeded in parallel with the language development Specifications are layered, compositional, and executable
ASTRAL GCMPSC 266 10 MAR 09
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Layered, Compositional, and Executable Specifications
Specification modules are refined to include more detail without changing their interface Behavior of the whole is determined by the behavior of the parts Allow the developers to treat the specifications as prototypes
An Overview of ASTRAL
In ASTRAL a real-time system is modeled by a collection of process type specifications and a single global specification The global specification contains declarations for types, constants, etc that are shared among process types A process type specification contains types, state variables, transitions, etc Every process is thought as being in various states, with one state differentiated from another by the values of state variables Only state transitions can change the values of state variables; Transitions are described in term of pre- and post- conditions by using an extension of first order predicate calculus
ASTRAL GCMPSC 266 10 MAR 09
ASTRAL
GCMPSC 266 10 MAR 09
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The ASTRAL Computational Model
Maximal parallelism among processes Non interruptable, non overlapping transitions in a single process instance Transitions are executed as soon as they are enabled, that is, their pre-condition is satisfied (exception: exported transitions) Implicit one...
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