Womens Studies Lecture feb 26 Differences between Us and womens movement of the global south ChinaMovement away from anti essentialist stance ( wanted essentialism) Mexico fight for abortion rights in mexico had a lot more resistance Stress coalitions with men (issues are ones that were faced by both sexes) Women's movements instead of feminist movements Reject " feminism" Concern for economic survival(women of the global north didn't recognize survival issues as real feminist issues) Timing(broader coalition in the 1980s(mexico)), (broader studies in the 1980s(china)) 1975-1985 as the decade for women and Un Women's conferences. Women began as delegates on policies related to women. Decolonization of Africa Democratization in South America and Parts of Asia Revolutions in central America Independence Egypt- 1923 India- 1947 Algeria- 1961 Brazil- 1985 Chile- 1990 Nicaraugan Revolution- 1979 Korea- 1993 South Africa(out of the apartide movement)- 1994 1975-1995- Un movements Unsettling the Hegemonic Chronology of Feminism A. first Wave of transnational organizing B. Multiracial feminism in the USA C. Other National Women's movements D. Second wave transnational organizing Feminism carie globally Contemporary global feminism has been makrked by north south tensions related to histories of imperialism A global and multiracial perspective changes our chronology of feminism from waves to choppy seas Feb 27 Three Basic Elements of Citizenship Civil rights Political Rights Social rights How states shape citizenship Three case studies on how states shape citizenship around gnder, class , race and sexuality Marriage as a civil right Political representation as a Politcal Right Welfare befit as a social right Is Marriage a Civil Right? 14th Amendment New jersey Court Decision Marriage confers 1100 Rights Ten states confer some form of same sex partnership(Oregon, conneticiut, Vermont new Hampshire, new jersey, maine, California, Washington, Washington DC ad Hawaii Massachusetts allows for same sex marriage. - Marriage and Citizenship historically Class- Allowed working class men to become "independent" Sex- married women become dependents Race- anti-miscegenation laws date to the 1650s from british common law Sexuality- Same sex marriage bans Is equal Representation a political Right suffrage did not necessarily lead to the equal representation of women Why are only 16% of the world elected to representatives women? Theories to what leads to more women in elected office increased women's labor forve participation Greater democracy Egalitarian attitudes/secularism - Institutional factors Quotas for Women - An institutional mechanism whereby the state rules that a certain percentage of seats in legislaters or in other levels of government are reserved for women. Few facts - The us ranks 67 of 134 countries in the representation of women in legislaturesjust(COPY OFF SLIDES) Social Darwinist Ideas; Malthusianism and Eugenics Pregnancy Preventon and Welfare 286 267 248$ was spent in 2005 on pregnancy prevention or 2% of the TANF budget Malthusianism Overpopulation will lead to povetry The working class must exercise sexual restraint to prevent poverty Malthus was a class Lieral meaning he laid blame for poverty on individuals Neo Malthuseanism accepts birth control but acceptance of birth control ruptured the tie between women and motherhood; another foundational concept of europeanness Eugenics the basic idea behing eugenics is that scientific knowledge of heredity can be put to use to produce so called better breeding of humans in the 19th century this was simply thought of as common knowledge Social Darwinism - the practice of applying darwin's concept of natural selection to humans 19th century convergence of events and idea - idea of race(imperialism) - concerns about class(industrialization - confidence in science - theories of Malthusianism and eugenics Motherhood and Nationhood Emergence of the idea of a nation as a unit rather than a set of individuals Mothers charged with bearing and caring for fit children for the nation National superiority depends on good mothers