Source: Image BP Press
Geography 3321 Energy Resource Management
Energy Web Site Review and Summary
Petroleum
Prepared for Prof. Mark L. Carter By
Nicholas J. Pocknall
September 20th, 2007
Table of Contents Useful Internet Resources for Petroleum Information and Research
Executive Summary
"Petroleum General Information and resources" Pg. 3
http://energy.usgs.gov/aboutus.html
United States Geological Survey Energy Resource Program Pg. 4 5
http://www.bp.com/productlanding.do?categoryId=6848&contentId=7033471
BP One of the world's leading energy companies Pg. 6 7
http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/petroleum/info_glance/petroleum.html
Energy Information Administration U.S. Government Official Energy Statistics Pg. 8 9
http://www.ipieca.org
International Petroleum Industry Environmental Conservation Association Pg. 10 - 11
http://www.npc/org
National Petroleum Council Pg. 12 - 13
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Executive Summary "Petroleum General Information and Resources"
Petroleum is a non-renewable energy resource whose supply is depleting by the day, sooner or later we are going to run out of this crucial and valuable commodity that we dispense of so quickly and unwillingly throughout our lives. The word petroleum refers to crude oil, or the refined products obtained from the processing of crude oil gasoline, diesel, heating oil and others. Petroleum products are in every aspect of our lives. We see them in the gasoline we use to power our vehicles to the warmth of a home. However, petroleumbased components are also used in plastics, medicines, food items, and a host of other products that we procure throughout our daily lives. Eventually, the world's supply of oil is going to run out and we are going to have to resort to other energy resources that are not derived from fossil fuels.
This report reviews and briefly summarizes the information of five internet websites: United States Geological Survey (USGS) - Energy Resource Program
"The USGS Energy Resources Program provides impartial, scientifically robust information to advance the understanding of geologically based energy resources, to contribute to plans for a secure energy future, and to facilitate evaluation and responsible use of resources."
BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2007 Petroleum
They are one of the world's largest energy companies whose researchers are collecting and analyzing data about world energy resources. They are considered to be a valid resource by the government and private sectors.
Energy Information Administration (EIA)
Is the U.S. Government's Official Energy Statistics department.
International Petroleum Industry Environmental Conservation Association
"IPIECA is the single global association representing both the upstream and downstream oil and gas industry on key global environmental and social issues."
National Petroleum Council
An oil and natural gas advisory committee to the Secretary of Energy
With the exception of my notes and comments or unless otherwise cited all information contained within this summary is referenced to the websites reviewed.
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United States Geological Survey Energy Resource Program http://energy.usgs.gov/aboutus.html (Viewed Sept. 12, 2007) 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive Reston, VA 20192
Why this internet resource is credible and worth explaining:
"As an unbiased, multi-disciplinary science organization that focuses on biology, geography, geology, geospatial information, and water, we are dedicated to the timely, relevant, and impartial study of the landscape, our natural resources, and the natural hazards that threaten us." "The USGS Energy Resources Program addresses the challenge of increasing demand for affordable energy from environmentally acceptable energy sources..." "The Program provides reliable and impartial scientific information on geologically based energy resources, including: oil, natural gas, coal, coal bed methane (CBM), gas hydrates, geothermal resources, uranium, oil shale, and bitumen and heavy oil." The research done and data recorded by the USGS are then used in shaping federal policies pertaining to foreign and domestic energy resources and help to manage the use of energy resources on Federal lands. The USGS website also provides information and links to many other credible sources with information regarding energy sources, regional studies, health and environment, geochemistry and geophysics, as well as general information. They also have links to Pdf's connecting you to such things like the fact sheet regarding information on the Energy Resource Program, as well as their Energy Resource Program - 5 Year Plan. They also have information regarding the roles of other principle energy agencies that have the same sort of focus as the USGS, agencies such as Minerals Management Service (MMS), Bureau of Land Management (BLM), Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration (EIA), as well as many others.
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Other Highlights from the Website:
What is petroleum?
"Crude oil found in rock; crude oil that occurs naturally in sedimentary rocks and consists mainly of hydrocarbons. A wide variety of commercially important petrochemicals, including gasoline and kerosene, are derived from it."
Oil and natural gas resources (as a part of the Energy Resource Program)
"The USGS provides National Oil and Gas Assessment research and is participating in a Federal agency consortium to conduct an inventory, authorized in the Energy Policy and Conservation Act Amendments of 2000, of oil and natural gas resources beneath Federal lands. This inventory provides a tool for public land management agencies, principally the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) and the USDA Forest Service, to use in constructing domestic land management policies." "The USGS conducts geologic studies in a world energy context to provide an understanding of the quantity, quality, and distribution of conventional petroleum resources on a global scale."
USGS: Current projects and publications
"Undiscovered Gas Resources in the Upper Cretaceous Tuscaloosa and Woodbine Formations, Western Gulf Province of the Gulf Coast Region, Louisiana and Texas: Using a geology-based assessment methodology, the USGS estimated a mean of 20.8 trillion cubic feet of undiscovered natural gas and a mean of 0.60 billion barrels of undiscovered natural gas in the Western Gulf Province of the Gulf Coast Region, Louisiana and Texas." Geologic Assessment of Undiscovered Oil and Gas Resources of the Black Warrior Basin Province, Alabama and Mississippi; contains reports synthesizing information in support of the recent USGS assessments of the undiscovered oil and gas resources of the Black Warrior Basin Province in northeastern Mississippi and northwestern Alabama.
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BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2007 Petroleum http://www.bp.com/productlanding.do?categoryId=6848&contentId=7033 471 (Viewed Sept. 12th, 2007) 501 Westlake Park Boulevard Houston, TX 77079
Why this internet resource is credible and worth explaining:
"BP is one of the world's largest energy companies, providing its customers with fuel for transportation, energy for heat and light, retail services and petrochemicals products for everyday items." "BP was founded as the Anglo Persian Oil Company by William Knox D'Arcy in 1909; BP's logo, the helios, is named after the sun god of ancient Greece; BP employs over 96,000 people in 100 countries around the world." "BP produces 3.9 million barrels of oil equivalent per day of oil and gas for customers across the world. The 1,768-kilometre Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan (BTC) pipeline, from Baku in Azerbaijan through Georgia to Ceyhan on the Turkish Mediterranean coast, represents one of the great engineering projects of our era. With partners Petrochina and Sinopec we plan to develop approximately 1000 outlets in China by the end of 2007."
The core BP brands:
"BP is one of the largest integrated oil companies in the world, with an estimated global market share of around 3% of oil & gas production and 4% of refining capacity in the major global markets in which we operate." Just to show you how large of a company they are, here are a few facts about the BP empire: in December 2006 they recorded 97,000 employees, in excess of 1.2 million share holders, they are actively exploring in 26 countries, produce 2.5 million barrels of oil a day, and they have 24,600 service stations around the world. BP is a leader in the industry, they have been around since the beginning and are one of the oldest and most historical companies of its time.
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Other Highlights from the Website:
According to BP's 2007 Statistical Review of World Energy, you can see that the greatest amount of proven oil reserves in the world today lies amongst the Middle East, with 742.7 thousand million barrels. Over the past 20 years, the global leader in oil reserve distribution is clearly defined by the Middle East. Since 1986, the world has distributed approximately 3134.6 thousand million barrels of the worlds proven oil reserves. "World oil production rose by 400,000 b/d in 2006. Former Soviet Union output rose by 450,000 b/d, driven by Russia and Azerbaijan. OECD production fell by 430,000 b/d, with declines in Norway, the UK, and Mexico offsetting growth in Canada. Other non-OECD production increased due to rising Angolan output. OPEC output Image Source: BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2007 edged up by 130,00 b/d." The United States only produces about 12% of the world's oil, but we consume more than 25% of the oil in the world. "Oil consumption growth was above average in China and oil-exporting countries." BP Global Reports and publications - Statistical Review of World Energy 2007 Image Source: BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2007
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Energy Information Administration International Energy Data & Analysis U.S. Government Official Energy Statistics Washington, DC http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/petroleum/ (Viewed info_glance/petroleum.html Sept. 12th, 2007)
Why this internet resource is credible and worth explaining:
"The Energy Information Administration (EIA) - created by the Congress in 1977- is the statistical agency of the U.S. Department of Energy. The EIA is the Nation's premier source of unbiased energy data, analysis and forecasting. EIA provides this information to promote sound policy making, efficient energy markets, and public understanding about energy and its interaction with the economy and the environment." According to the EIA and their data, in 2006 the world's top oil producer was Saudi Arabia with 10,719 thousand barrels per day, the top oil consumer was the United States with 20,588 thousand barrels per day, the top oil net exporter was also Saudi Arabia with 8,651 thousand barrels per day, and the world's top oil net importer was also the United States with 12,220 thousand barrels per day. It seems to be consistent that Saudi Arabia produces and exports the most amount of oil while the United States consumes and imports more oil than any other country in the world. The EIA's website also contains links to many different information sites, including but not World Crude Oil Production, 1973-2004 (Million Barrels per Day) Image Source: EIA website
limited too, oil production, oil consumption, imports and exports, current and past oil prices, stocks, reserves and resources, and many more but these are just a few the valuable information links but if you look farther into the website you will see that there are endless amounts of information that are readily and easily accessible for anyone to use.
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Other Highlights from the Website:
Petroleum product consumption
"When crude oil was first discovered in the United States, it was taken from natural pools on the earth's surface and was used mainly for medicinal purposes. These natural pools supplied about 3 gallons of oil a day (per pool). As the population expanded and the need for the oil grew, and as whale oil, an alternative to crude oil, became scarce as a source for lighting, the need to produce more crude oil was addressed." Even at the earlier stages of our countries life, we are shown to craving the resource known as oil, prior to settling this country oil was a valuable commodity. "In 2005, total U.S. demand for petroleum was 20.8 million barrels per day, of which 12.5 million barrels per day, or 60 percent, was from net imports." It is obvious to see that the United States has the highest demand or consumption of domestic and international oil supplies. "A record 9.16 million barrels per day were consumed in 2005." Can you even grasp that number in your mind, 9.16 million barrels per day, that is a huge number of oil consumption even for the world, it just goes to show you that as our world develops and looks to find new ways to make energy we are still rapidly consuming the oil reserves and wells of this world and sooner or later we are going to run out and hopefully by the time that comes around we will have figured out some other resource that is as valuable and demanded as petroleum is now, hopefully that resource isn't too far away from being utilized completely.
Also, this website contains links to such things as jobs within the EIA, internships for students, as well as links on how to contact the EIA.
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International Petroleum Industry Environmental Conservation Association 209-215 Black Friars Road London, UK http://www.ipieca.org/ (viewed Sept. 12th, 2007)
Why this internet resource is credible and worth explaining:
"The International Petroleum Industry Environmental Conservation Association (IPIECA) was established in 1974 following the establishment of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). IPIECA provides one of the industry's principal channels of communication with the United Nations." Their vision of an oil and gas industry is to see improvements in their operations and products so that they can meet the expectations of society's view on environmental and social performance. "IPIECA operates globally and seeks to achieve it's Vision by: developing, sharing, and promoting sound practices and solutions; enhancing and communicating knowledge and understanding; engaging members and others in the industry; and working in partnership with key stakeholders" "IPIECA is the single global association representing both the upstream and downstream oil and gas industry on key global environmental and social issues." "IPIECA aims to develop and promote scientifically-sound, cost-effective, practical, socially and economically acceptable solutions to global environmental and social issues pertaining to the oil and gas industry. IPIECA is not a lobbying organization, but provides a forum for encouraging continuous improvement of industry performance." The IPIECA not only focuses on oil and gas, but they also have information pertaining to climate change, biodiversity, social responsibility, oil spills, health, fuels & products, reporting, and last but not least partnerships.
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Other Highlights from the Website:
The Oil Spill Working Group
"The Oil Spill Working Group was established in 1987 and serves as a key international industry forum to help improve oil spill contingency planning and response around the world. The group aims to enhance the state of preparedness and response to marine oil spill incidents through: acting as a high level strategic and technical forum for members to exchange information and best practices; supporting joint industry-government cooperation at all levels; encouraging ratification of relevant international conventions; promoting the principle of `Net Environmental Benefit Analysis' and the tiered response concept when designing response strategies; and developing and communicating industry viewpoint and activities to external audiences."
Oil Spill Response Publications
The IPIECA Oil Spill Report Series gives practical and easily accessible overviews of issues or concerns pertaining to the preparation and reaction to oil spills out at sea. Here are just a few of the many publications that they have available for you to read, IPIECA Oil Spill Preparedness and Response Report Series Summary, Biological Impacts of Oil Pollution: Fisheries, Oil Spill Responder Safety Guide, and many more but these are always available at their website, so the information is always on hand.
Unlike other websites, this on the side effects of the oil and hazards that could possibly occur. As much as these large hazards to occur, they can never
resource gives you the information gas industry, it shows you the happen if something were to companies account for spills and predict when something, like a
tanker spill or a well catching fire, might happen which means that their response teams have to be on their toes at all times to be able to respond to any incident at any given time.
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National Petroleum Council Oil & Natural Gas Advisory Committee 1625 K Street, NW Suite 600 Washington, D.C. 20006 http://www.npc.org
Why this internet resource is credible and worth explaining:
"The National Petroleum Council (NPC), a federally chartered and privately funded advisory committee, was established by the Secretary of the Interior in 1946 at the request of President Harry S. Truman. In 1977, the U.S. Department of Energy was established and the NPC's functions were transferred to the new Department. The purpose of the NPC is solely to represent the views of the oil and natural gas industries in advising, informing, and making recommendations to the Secretary of Energy with respect to any matter relating to oil and natural gas, or to the oil and gas industries submitted to it or approved by the Secretary." "Since its formation in 1946, the Council has prepared over 200 reports, which deal with virtually every aspect books, reports, and government who to the nation. Some topics such as Securing Oil and Strategic Petroleum of oil and gas operations." There are many publications that the NPC publishes to the then turn around and use it as public service of the books that have been published cover Emergency Planning and Preparedness Natural Gas Infrastructures, as well as The Reserve: A Report on the Capability to
Distribute SPR Oil, and other issues such as energy outlook, environmental issues, refining and research. These are just a few of the issues or concerns that the National Petroleum Council covers.
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Other Highlights from the Website:
Along with links to topics and publications published by the NPC, they also have links to many different types of companies, natural gas companies, energy services, independent marketers and refiners, independent oil and gas producers as well as many other links that contain tons of information relating to petroleum. Below, a list of the integrated oil and gas companies is given.
Integrated Oil and Gas Companies (links)
Amerada Hess Corporation BP p.l.c. ChevronTexaco Corporation Conoco Inc. Exxon Mobil Corporation Hunt Oil Company Marathon Oil Company Murphy Oil Corporation Phillips Petroleum Company Shell Oil Company Tesoro Petroleum Corporation Total Fina Elf
The National Petroleum Council is a organization who provides information, statistical analysis, data, diagrams, displays, publications, etc who provide these tools to the public as well. Corporate companies also have their input on some of these documents, in fact a lot of the information that NPC includes in their documents are derived from company portfolios, research, projects, and many other things that these companies provide for the open public as well as the government. They are valuable to protecting the environment as well as helping to shape, reform, and develop government policies that will hopefully help to create a new and better way to save the environment through the ways that we will efficiently use our resources.
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