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Course: EE 281, Fall 2009School: Stanford
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#3 Lecture Outline Embedded System Design Laboratory Announcements AVR Processor Resources UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter) SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) October 4, 2002 Stanford University - EE281 Lecture #3 #1 Announcements Embedded System Design Laboratory Have you finished Lab #1? Due date is: Monday, (5pm?) Lab#0 Research your ideas Project Idea Discussion (arrange to...
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#3 Lecture Outline
Embedded System Design Laboratory
Announcements AVR Processor Resources
UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter) SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface)
October 4, 2002
Stanford University - EE281 Lecture #3
#1
Announcements
Embedded System Design Laboratory
Have you finished Lab #1?
Due date is: Monday, (5pm?)
Lab#0
Research your ideas Project Idea Discussion (arrange to meet) Do you need a group
In-Circuit Emulator (AVR-ICE)
Works like simulator but on real hardware One station available, second one coming soon
October 4, 2002 Stanford University - EE281 Lecture #3 #2
AVR Processor Resources
Embedded System Design Laboratory
Interrupts Timers UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver/ Transmitter) SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) A/D Converters (Analog to Digital) Analog Comparator
October 4, 2002 Stanford University - EE281 Lecture #3 #3
AVR AT90S8515 Pinout
Embedded System Design Laboratory
General Purpose Ports
PORTA PORTB PORTC PORTD (Special Functions)
Special Purpose Pins
Crystal (XTAL1/XTAL2) RESET ICP, OLE, OC1B
Power (VCC/GND)
October 4, 2002
Stanford University - EE281 Lecture #3
#4
`8515 Functional Architecture
Embedded System Design Laboratory
32 Registers (R0-R31) 4K Prog ROM 512 bytes RAM 512 bytes EEPROM 32 I/O lines 13 Interrupts Lots of fun built-in peripherals
October 4, 2002
Stanford University - EE281 Lecture #3
#5
UART
Embedded System Design Laboratory
The UART, or Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter, provides hardware support for a serial port on AVR processors
Signaling is compatible with PC/Mac/Unix serial (RS-232C)
The UART provides:
Parallel-to-Serial and Serial-to-Parallel conversion Start and Stop Bit framing Parity Generation Baud-Rate Generation (2400-115.2kbps at 3.686 or 7.37MHz) Interrupts
Transmit Complete Transmit Data Register Empty Receive Complete
October 4, 2002 Stanford University - EE281 Lecture #3 #6
Serial Specification (RS-232C)
Embedded System Design Laboratory
Data
Start bit 6,7,8,9 data bits Parity bit optional (E,O,M,S,N) Stop bit
Voltages
Processor outputs 0/5V logic-level signal RS-232C uses +12V/-12V signal Level-converter IC provided on STK500 (MAX202)
5V 0V
October 4, 2002
Stanford University - EE281 Lecture #3
#7
UART Registers
Embedded System Design Laboratory
UDR (UART Data Register)
Write bytes to transmit Read received bytes
USR (UART Status Register)
Rx/Tx complete signal bits Framing error, overflow signal bits
UCR (UART Control Register)
Interrupt enable bits Rx/Tx enable bits Data format control bits
UBRR (UART Baud Rate Register)
Baud rate generator ratio
October division 4, 2002
Stanford University - EE281 Lecture #3
#8
UART Transmitting
Embedded System Design Laboratory
Send a byte by writing to UDR register
TXC bit in USR is set when the final bit has finished transmitting Tx Complete interrupt triggered if enabled in the UCR Must wait for current byte to finish transmitting before sending the next one
October 4, 2002
Stanford University - EE281 Lecture #3
#9
UART Receiving
Embedded System Design Laboratory
How do I know a byte has arrived?
Watch the RXC bit in USR Use the Rx Complete interrupt and write an ISR
Read received bytes from the UDR
UDR is double-buffered, but be sure to read it in time
October 4, 2002
Stanford University - EE281 Lecture #3
#10
UART Baud Rate
Embedded System Design Laboratory
Set by UBRR Varies with fCK
October 4, 2002
Stanford University - EE281 Lecture #3
#11
UART Example Code
Embedded System Design Laboratory
echo1.asm
Echos characters sent over serial port back to the sender Shows setup of UART Shows non-interrupt use of both serial receive and transmit
echo2.asm
Echos only printable characters Uses interrupt-driven receive Implements a 50-byte receive buffer Can be used as starter code for Lab#2
Available on the course website
October 4, 2002
Stanford University - EE281 Lecture #3
#12
STK500 UART Connection
Embedded System Design Laboratory
October 4, 2002
Stanford University - EE281 Lecture #3
#13
Serial Peripheral Interface
Embedded System Design Laboratory
Allows transfer of information, 8 bits at a time, between microcontroller and any nu...
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