Human Managing Resources Chapter 9
Chapter 9 Learning Goals
1. What is the human resource management process? 2. How are human resource needs determined? 3. How do human resource managers find good people to fill the jobs? 4. What is the employee selection process? 5. What types of training and development do organizations offer their employees?
Chapter 9 Learning Goals (cont'd.)
1. 2. 3. What is a performance appraisal? How are employees compensated? What is organizational career management? 4. What are the key laws and federal agencies affecting human resource management? 5. What trends are affecting human resource management?
Learning Goal 1
What is the human resource management process?
a Job analysis and HR planning a Employee recruitment and selection a Employee training, performance appraisal, and compensation a Ends when employee leaves organization
Human Resource Management The process of hiring, developing, motivating, and evaluating employees to achieve organizational goals
Human Resource Management Strategies & Process objectives of the
organization Job analysis & design HR planning & forecasting Employee recruitment Employee selection
Training & development
Performance planning & evaluation
Compensation & benefits
Organizational career management
Learning Goal 2
How are human resource needs determined?
Job analysis
Studying a job to determine its tasks and duties for
Setting pay Determining employee job performance Specifying hiring requirements Designing training programs
Job description
Lists the tasks and responsibilities of the job
Job specification
Describes skills, knowledge, and abilities needed to fill the job described in the job description
Job analysis & design
HR planning & forecasting
Employee recruitment
Employee selection
Job Analysis:
A study of the tasks required to do a particular job well job description job specification
Job analysis & design
HR planning & forecasting
Employee recruitment
Employee selection
Demand forecast:
Determining the number of employees needed by some future time
Supply forecast (internal):
Estimating the number of current employees who will be available to fill various jobs at some future time
Labor Supply & Demand
Labor shortage in the 1990s has turned the tables for employers
some individuals seeking work advertise themselves as free agents employers bid for interviews with free agents US Department of Labor estimates there are 10 million free agents
Source: Entrepreneur, Jan. 2000, p. 16.
Learning Goal 3
How do human resource managers find good people to fill the jobs?
Most firms begin by trying to fill the job from within If internal candidates are not available, an external search begins
Local media is used to find workers who are
Nontechnical Unskilled Nonsupervisory
Highly trained recruits are found by using
College recruiters Executive search firms Job fairs Company Web sites
Job analysis & design
HR planning & forecasting
Employee recruitment
Employee selection
Recruitment:
Attempt to find and attract qualified applicants in the external labor market job fair
Employee Talent
Ratings made by Fortune magazine: Most admired employee talent:
Microsoft Cisco Systems Coca-Cola
Least admired employee talent:
MedPartners Shoney's Trump Hotels & Casinos
Source: Fortune, Mar. 1, 1999, p. 70.
Learning Goal 4
What is the employee selection process?
Applicant submits an application or rsum Receives a short, structured interview Applicant may be asked to take an aptitude, personality, or skills test Selection interview
In-depth discussion of applicant's
Work experience, skills, and abilities Education and career interests
Applicants seeking professional or managerial positions may be interviewed by several people
Successful applicants may be asked to undergo a physical exam
Job analysis & design
HR planning & forecasting
Employee recruitment
Employee selection
Selection:
The process of determining which people in the applicant pool possess the qualifications necessary to be successful on the job
Steps of the Selection Process
Decision to hire Physical examination Background and reference checks Selection interview Employment testing Initial screening
Learning Goal 5
What types of training and development do organizations offer their employees?
Training and development programs are designed to increase employees' knowledge, skills, and abilities to foster job improvement
Formal training Development programs
Job rotation education Executive programs Mentoring Special project assignments
Training & development
Performance planning & evaluation
Compensation & benefits
Training and Development:
Activities that provide learning situations in which an employee acquires additional knowledge or skills to increase job performance on-the-job training off-the-job training
Training and Development
Forecasting International predicts that the need for life-long learning will characterize business in the future Implications:
need for higher training budgets need for constant retraining due to turnover use of technology for just-in-time training training as a motivational & retention tool
Source: HR News, Dec. 1999, pp. 18-20.
Learning Goal 6
What is a performance appraisal
Compares an employee's actual performance with the expected performance Typically used to determine an employee's
Compensation Training needs Advancement opportunities
Training & development
Performance planning & evaluation
Compensation & benefits
Performance planning & evaluation process:
Performance planning: Setting standards & expectations
Employee job task behavior
Performance evaluation
Rewards & job changes
Performance Evaluation
360 Evaluation: performance feedback Evaluation that combines self-appraisal with ratings made by coworkers at the same level, above, and below the target person in the managerial hierarchy Advantages: provides a well-rounded view avoids individual bias can have more impact than a single source
Learning Goal 7
How are employees compensated?
Direct pay
Hourly wage or monthly salary paid to an employee May include bonuses and profit shares
Indirect pay
Various benefits and services
Required by law: unemployment and worker's compensation, Social Security Optional: paid vacations and holidays, pensions, health and other insurance products, employee wellness programs, college tuition reimbursement
Training & development
Performance planning & evaluation
Compensation & benefits
Types of Compensation or Pay:
hourly wages salaries piecework and commission accelerated commission schedule bonus profit sharing fringe benefits
Learning Goal 8
What is organizational career management?
Facilitation of employee job changes including
Promotions
Upward move with more authority, responsibility and pay
Transfers
Horizontal move in the organization
Layoffs
Temporary separation arranged by the employer, usually when business is slow
Retirements
Permanent separation that ends one's career
Organizational career management
Types of Career Change:
1. Job change within the organization
transfer promotion demotion
2. Separation from the organization
layoff ...