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Sexually_Trans_Diseases
Course: BIO 320, Fall 2009School: CSU Bakersfield
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SEXUALLY <a href="/keyword/transmitted-diseases/" >transmitted diseases</a> (STDs) I. Reproductive System A. B. Female Male II. Transmission A. B. C. Intimate Contact - Primarily Sexual Intercourse Sores, secretions, tissues of infected person to mucous membranes of reproductive organs of another (usually) Most major diseases caused by viruses and bacteria. III. IV....
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SEXUALLY <a href="/keyword/transmitted-diseases/" >transmitted diseases</a> (STDs) I. Reproductive System A. B. Female Male II. Transmission A. B. C. Intimate Contact - Primarily Sexual Intercourse Sores, secretions, tissues of infected person to mucous membranes of reproductive organs of another (usually) Most major diseases caused by viruses and bacteria. III. IV. Incidence Sexually Transmissible Diseases Caused by Viruses A. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) 1. 2. 3. Cases Etiology - AIDS Virus Disease Progression a) b) c) Evidence suggests all infected people will eventually get AIDS. 1-3 - develop flu like illness - lasts 1-2 wks When subsides, person asymptomatic - lasts 7-10 years. (1) (2) May pass virus on to others Virus is killing helper T-cells during this phase. 1 SEXUALLY <a href="/keyword/transmitted-diseases/" >transmitted diseases</a> (STDs) (3) d) e) f) g) 4. Can detect antibody to virus. Symptomatic phase - T-cells decline to 500 per cubic millimeter. (normal 800-1200). Develop "opportunistic infections" Get night sweats, headache, fatigue, and chronic diarrhea. Diagnosis of AIDS when T cell count <200 and certain opportunistic infections develop. Transmission a) b) c) d) Sexual contact Exposure to blood or blood products Placental transfer during birth Has not been shown to be transmitted by kissing or bugs. 5. 6. Protection Treatment - No cure; vaccine not in sight due to mutation; some drugs that inhibit reproduction and boost immune system. B. Genital Herpes 1. Incidence - May be under reported (16%) (Reportable STDs are AIDs, gonorrhea, syphilis, hepatitis B, chlamydia, lymphogranuloma venereum, and chanchroid) <a href="/keyword/causative-agent/" >causative agent</a> s - herpes simplex virus Type 1 (usually causes cold sores) and Type 2 (causes sores in genital and anal area). Both can cause both. Diagnosis made by clinical examination. 2. 2 SEXUALLY <a href="/keyword/transmitted-diseases/" >transmitted diseases</a> (STDs) 3. Symptoms - 1 week after infection get irritation at sites before lesions (small raised blisters) occur. Fluid in blisters contain virus. Blisters become painful sores that heal in 5 to 10 days. May have flu-like symptoms. Virus may become dormant and live in the persons nervous system for life. May become reactivated, travel nerve and erupt as blister on skin. Transmission - Virus spreads person to person. Usually just before blister when unaware. Condom may help but other skin may also be contaminated. Can infect newborns and cause serious and deadly disease. 4. 5. C. Genital Warts (Condylomata acuminata) 1. 2. Incidence unknown - May be most common 3X as common as genital herpes. One study on college women (20%). <a href="/keyword/causative-agent/" >causative agent</a> s - Human papilloma virus - HPV-6 and HPV-11 cause genital warts and HPV-16 and HPV-18 do not but are associated with cancer of the cervix, vulva, and penis. Symptoms - Asymptomatic. Pinkish white lesions in raised clusters on the penis, scrotum, labia, cervix, or around the anus. Treatment - Removal of warts by freezing, laser etc. Will probably return. Condoms help prevent transmission. 3. 4. V. Sexually <a href="/keyword/transmitted-diseases/" >transmitted diseases</a> Caused by Bacteria A. Syphilis 1. <a href="/keyword/causative-agent/" >causative agent</a> - Treponema pallidum - Spirochete that cannot live outside the human body. Enters through a break in the skin. Symptoms 2. 3 SEXUALLY <a href="/keyword/transmitted-diseases/" >transmitted diseases</a> (STDs) a) b) Primary stage - Painless sore (chancre) usually in genital area. Secondary Stage - Systemic manifestations of sore throat, weakness, muscle pain, weight loss, fever, headache and a rash. Tertiary (latent syphilis) - Tissue destroying lesions (gummas) develop. Can damage brain, heart, and vessels resulting in paralysis and death. c) 3. B. Treatment - Penicillin Gonorrhea 1. 2. 3. <a href="/keyword/causative-agent/" >causative agent</a> - Neisseria gonorrhea - Infects urethra of men and cervix of women. Condoms are helpful. Incidence - Most prevalent among 15 to 24 yrs. of age. Signs & Symptoms - Men - pus discharge from penis. Women inflammation of the cervix & uterus, resulting in pus-filled vaginal secretions, uterine bleeding, and abnormally long and heavy menstrual periods. May develop pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) widespread infection of reproductive tract. May result in sterility. Diagnosis- Made by culture or smear. Treatment - Antibiotics. All newborns in US get treated in eyes with antibiotics. 4. 5. 4 SEXUALLY <a href="/keyword/transmitted-diseases/" >transmitted diseases</a> (STDs) C. Chlamydial Infections 1. 2. 3. <a href="/keyword/causative-agent/" >causative agent</a> - Chlamydia trachomatis - Similar to gonorrhea. Incidence - Most prevalent STD. 40% of adolescent girls. Signs & Symptoms - Women - "silent" infection, but can result in PID. Men - mild symptoms, painful urination and whitish or clear discharge. May spread to other parts of reproductive system and produce inflammation of epididymes. Infants can develop lung infections and blindness. Prevention - Condoms reduce risk. 4. VI. Other Sexually Transmissible Diseases A. Trichomoniasis 1. <a href="/keyword/causative-agent/" >causative agent</a> - Trichomonas vaginalis - Protozoan does not grow in normal vagina (acidic). Can multiply with more basic. I...
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