CIS NAME
Class: 555
Project: Vigenere Encrypter/Decrypter
Date: September 20th 2007
Due Date: September 25th 2007
Filename: NAME-Project1.zip
-The zip Files will be extracted to a folder named
"NAME-Project1
Information File: README.txt
Included Project Files: 1. frmProject1.frm
2. frmProject1.frx
3. MSSCCPRJ.SCC
4. Project1.vbp
5. Project1.vbw
This project contains 1 form with 4 sections Each section is described below
section 1: This section allows the user to encrypt their own files, it
requires 3 files.
1. 0Key0.txt - this file should contain the keys to be used to encode.
2. 0input0.txt - this file should contain the text to be encoded
(it can contain any characters, non letters will be removed)
3. 0encoded0.txt - this is where the encoded text will be output to.
section 2: This section allows the user to decrypt their own file if they provide
the keys. It requires 3 files.
1. 1key1.txt - this file should contain the keys which will be used
to decode the text
2. 1encoded1.txt - this file should contain the text to be decoded
3. 1decoded1.txt - This is where the decoded text will be output to.
section 3: This section will allow the user to decrypt a file, it will find the
key length and guess the keys
It will use the best choice for each key from the fee table
(highest value) it requires 2 files
1. 2encoded2.txt - This file should contain the text to be decoded.
2. 2decoded2.txt - This is where the decoded text will be output to.
section 4: This section will allow the user to decrypt a file, it will find the
key length and guess the keys
It will figure out which key set produces the best results and output
that plain text. it requires 2 files
1. 3encoded3.txt - This file should contain the text to be decoded
2. 3decoded3.txt - This is where the decoded text will be output to
**For sections 2, 3 and 4 the key length, key set and decrypted text is displayed
to the screen for the user to easily see the results. This was done for
conveince to the user. This information is also written to files. The label
that holds the decrypted text will only show about the first 2000 characters.
This will show a good portion of the text so the user can get an idea of the keys
being correct. To view the entire text the user will have to open the output file.
The only 2 solutions to this problem would be to make the label larger, which would
cause the form to get to big or to make the font smaller, but that would make it
unreadable. Even with these 2 solutions there could always be a text to large to
display no matter how large the label or how small the font.
When any of the encode/decode buttons are pressed all other buttons
and text areas will be disabled until the program is done running
its calculations. When this is going on there will be labels saying
disabled, except for the one being run which will say in progress
until it is complete at which time that label will say complete. This
was done just for conveinence so the user knows something is going on.
**Important: The cipher text files downloaded from Dr. Rieksts website
contained a space at the end of the cipher text so they caused the
program to crash, the files included in this zip have that last space
character removed.
Important included Files:
1. cipher-1.txt
2. cipher-1out.txt
3. cipher-2.txt
4. cipher-2out.txt
5. cipher-3.txt
6. cipher-3out.txt
7. cipher-4.txt
8. cipher-4out.txt
9. cipher-5.txt
10. cipher-5out.txt
11. cipher-6.txt
12. cipher-6out.txt
13. cipher-7.txt
14. cipher-7out.txt
The files with "out" contain the decrypted text for the cipher text
files.
**Below is the Decrypted Cipher text, keylength and key sets for the
provided cipher texts. The above files also contain the decryped text.
The keylength and key sets were not written out to any files, they are
displayed on the screen for the user. If time permits the key length
and key set might be added to the above files, it would be output before
the decrypted text.
Notes:
I chose to have the program only deal with matches that were of
length 8 or greater. This number yielded the best results on all
of the test data I ran on it. On longer input texts the number
of matches grew greatly when the number was less than 8 causing
the program to take much longer to run.
As of now, the 2 largest files provided I beleive cipher-5.txt
and cipher6.txt can take around 1 minute to run. This is due to
their length and the algorithms that are used to find matches,
calculate the gcd and the sections used to find the fee table
and produce keys from those tables.
1. Cipher-1.txt INFO:
Key Length: 5
Key Set: 3-1-22-7-18
Cipher-1out.txt - The Decrypted Text
- projectvigenerecryptanalysiscisduefebruarythisprojecthasfour
componentsforthetopgradecompleteallfourcomponentwriteaprogra
mtoacceptvigenereciphertextalongwithasetofkeysandtooutputpla
intextusedtoproducetheciphertextoutputtosubmittheplaintextun
derlyingtheciphertextkeysetsuppliedcomponentwriteaprogramtoa
cceptvigenereciphertextandtooutputestimatesofthekeylengthoft
hekeysusedtoproducetheciphertextoutputtosubmitasetofintegers
representingthemostlikelykeylengthscomponentwriteaprogramtoa
cceptvigenereciphertextalongwiththekeylengthkusedtoproduceit
andtooutputksetsofshiftamountssortedbytheirindicesofcoincide
nceoutputtosubmitsortedsetsofshiftamountsalongwiththeirindic
esofcoincidencecomponentwriteaprogramtoacceptvigenereciphert
extalongwiththekeylengthusedtoproduceitandsortedsetsofshifta
mountsandtooutputitsunderlyingplaintextoutputtosubmittheplai
ntextunderlyingtheciphertext
2. Cipher-2.txt INFO:
Key Length: 2
Key Set: 12-24
Cipher-2out.txt - The Decrypted Text
- projectvigenerecryptanalysisalgorithmscscbelowarethealgorithmsneededforea
chstepoftheprojectstepreadplaintextandkeysetfromfilesprocessplaintextchar
acterbycharacterwewillassumetherearekkeysasettextpiontertobsetkeypointert
ockeypointermodulokdtextpointereiftextpointerexceedslengthofplaintextstop
wearefinishedfifcurrentcharacterisnonalphabeticincrementtextpointertonext
alphabeticcharactergprocessthatcharacteriletpvbeitsasciivalueiicvpvvalueo
fkeypointedtobykeypointermoduloiiiproducecharacterwhoseasciivalueiscvivou
tputithgotostepcstepwriteaprogramwhichtakesaciphertextandakeysetandoutput
stheunderlyingplaintextreadciphertextandkeysetfromfilesprocessciphertextc
haracterbycharacterwewillassumetherearekkeysasetctextpiontertobsetkeypoin
tertockeypointermodulokdctextpointereifctextpointerexceedslengthofciphert
extstopwearefinishedfprocessthatcharacteriletcvbeitsasciivalueiipvcvvalue
ofkeypointedtobykeypointermoduloiiiproducecharacterwhoseasciivalueispvivo
utputitggotostepcstepwriteaprogramwhichtakesaciphertextasinputandoutputse
stimatesofthesizeofthekeysetwhichwecallkeylengthreadciphertextfromfileset
mesglentolengthofciphertextletmlenbethenumberofmatchingcharactersyouwillc
onsidersignificantsetbasepointertomatchpointertobasepointermlenwhilenotdo
nematchingaiffoundmatchbasepointermatchpointermesglenmatchlengthisetmaxma
tchtolongestmatchfoundsincebasepointerwassetbotherwiseifmatchpointermlenm
esgleniadvancebasepointerbymaxmaxmatchiiresetmaxmatchtoiiisetmatchpointer
tobasepointermlenivifmatchpointermlenmesglenthendonematchingfoundmatchbpm
pmesglenmatchlenthisdoestheworkoflookingoffindingmatchescomputinglengthno
ticempmatchlenarereferenceparametersandtheirvaluesbechangedbpmesglenareva
lueparametersandtheirvalueswillnotchangesetnomatchtotruewhilenomatchmesgl
enmlenmpasetrpbpthisisyourrovingpointerbifrpthandmpthlettersofciphertextm
atchthenisetmatchleniirpmpadvancepointeriiisethopetomatchtotrueivexecutew
hileloopfoundbelowcotherwiseimpifnomatchthenreturnfalseotherwisereturntru
ewhileloopwhilenomatchhopetomatchmpmesglenifrpthandmpthlettersofciphertex
tmatchthenamatchlenbrpmpotherwiseaifmatchlenmlenthenisetnomatchtofalseiim
atchdistancemprpiiiprintoutrpmpmatchlenmatchdistancebotherwiseisethopetom
atchtofalsenoticethatfoundmatchadvancesmatchpointerbutleavesbasepointerat
itsoriginalpositionstepthekeylengthkeylenfoundatsteptellsushowmanykeysare
inthekeysetcalculatetheindexofcoincidencebytryingeachofthepossibleshiftso
neachofthekeylensectionsoftheciphertextreadciphertextandkeylenfromfilerem
ainderofalgtocomexystepnowwecombinealltheworkofthepreviousstepstoproducea
programwhichdecryptsavigeneremessagetherearetwowaystodothisahaveyourprogr
amoutputthedecryptionproducedbythemostlikelykeysetstheuserthenreadsthepla
intextsproducedandchoosestheoneheshedeterminestobethecorrectonebusingalis
tofenglishlanguagewordsproduceacountofthenumberofwordsthatcanbefoundineac
hdecryptionproducedchoosetheonewiththehighestcountandoutputtheprospective
plaintextforstartersalistofletterwordsissuppliedandanuneditedlistofletter
wordscanbefoundherecusingngraminformationfortheenglishlanguageanalyzeeach
candidatedecryptiondeterminethecorrectoneandoutputit
3. Cipher-3.txt INFO:
Key Length: 9
Key Set: 3-6-9-12-24-21-18-15-17
Cipher-3out.txt - The Decrypted Text
- mrvicepresidentmrspeakermembersofthesenateandthehouseofrepresentativesyeste
rdaydecemberthadatewhichwillliveininfamytheunitedstatesofamericawassuddenly
anddeliberatelyattackedbynavalandairforcesoftheempireofjapantheunitedstates
wasatpeacewiththatnationandatthesolicitationofjapanwasstillinconversationwi
thitsgovernmentanditsemperorlookingtowardthemaintenanceofpeaceinthepacifici
ndeedonehourafterjapaneseairsquadronshadcommencedbombingintheamericanisland
ofoahuthejapaneseambassadortotheunitedstatesandhiscolleaguedeliveredtoourse
cretaryofstateaformalreplytoarecentamericanmessageandwhilethisreplystatedth
atitseemeduselesstocontinuetheexistingdiplomaticnegotiationsitcontainednoth
reatorhintofwarorofarmedattackitwillberecordedthatthedistanceofhawaiifromja
panmakesitobviousthattheattackwasdeliberatelyplannedmanydaysorevenweeksagod
uringtheinterveningtimethejapanesegovernmenthasdeliberatelysoughttodeceivet
heunitedstatesbyfalsestatementsandexpressionsofhopeforcontinuedpeacetheatta
ckyesterdayonthehawaiianislandshascausedseveredamagetoamericannavalandmilit
aryforcesiregrettotellyouthatverymanyamericanliveshavebeenlostinadditioname
ricanshipshavebeenreportedtorpedoedonthehighseasbetweensanfranciscoandhonol
uluyesterdaythejapanesegovernmentalsolaunchedanattackagainstmalayalastnight
japaneseforcesattackedhongkonglastnightjapaneseforcesattackedguamlastnightj
apaneseforcesattackedthephilippineislandslastnightthejapaneseattackedwakeis
landandthismorningthejapaneseattackedmidwayatolljapanhasthereforeundertaken
asurpriseoffensiveextendingthroughoutthepacificareathefactsofyesterdayandto
dayspeakforthemselvesthepeopleoftheunitedstateshavealreadyformedtheiropinio
nsandwellunderstandtheimplicationstotheverylifeandsafetyofournationascomman
derinchiefofthearmyandnavyihavedirectedthatallmeasuresbetakenforourdefenseb
utalwayswillourwholenationrememberthecharacteroftheonslaughtagainstusnomatt
erhowlongitmaytakeustoovercomethispremeditatedinvasiontheamericanpeopleinth
eirrighteousmightwillwinthroughtoabsolutevictoryibelievethatiinterpretthewi
llofthecongressandofthepeoplewheniassertthatwewillnotonlydefendourselvestot
heuttermostbutwillmakeitverycertainthatthisformoftreacheryshallneveragainen
dangerushostilitiesexistthereisnoblinkingatthefactthatourpeopleourterritory
andourinterestsareingravedangerwithconfidenceinourarmedforceswiththeunbound
ingdeterminationofourpeoplewewillgaintheinevitabletriumphsohelpusgodiasktha
tthecongressdeclarethatsincetheunprovokedanddastardlyattackbyjapanonsundayd
ecemberthastateofwarhasexistedbetweentheunitedstatesandthejapaneseempire
4. Cipher-4.txt INFO:
Key Length: 5
Key Set: 2-4-8-16-13
Cipher-4out.txt - The Decrypted Text
- septemberhijackedjetsdestroytwintowersandhitpentagonbysergeschmemannfirefig
hterspeeringattheashandrubbleafterthecollapseoftheworldtradecentertowersman
yemergencyvehiclesweredestroyedaswellhijackersrammedjetlinersintoeachofnewy
orksworldtradecentertowersyesterdaytopplingbothinahellishstormofashglasssmo
keandleapingvictimswhileathirdjetlinercrashedintothepentagoninvirginiathere
wasnoofficialcountbutpresidentbushsaidthousandshadperishedandintheimmediate
aftermaththecalamitywasalreadybeingrankedtheworstandmostaudaciousterroratta
ckinamericanhistorytheattacksseemedcarefullycoordinatedthehijackedplaneswer
eallenroutetocaliforniaandthereforegorgedwithfuelandtheirdepartureswerespac
edwithinanhourandminutesthefirstamericanairlinesflightaboeingoutofbostonfor
losangelescrashedintothenorthtoweratameighteenminuteslaterunitedairlinesfli
ghtalsoheadedfrombostontolosangelesplowedintothesouthtowerthenanamericanair
linesboeingleftwashingtonsdullesinternationalairportboundforlosangelesbutin
steadhitthewesternpartofthepentagonthemilitaryheadquarterswherepeopleworkat
amfinallyunitedairlinesflightaboeingflyingfromnewarktosanfranciscocrashedne
arpittsburghraisingthepossibilitythatitshijackershadfailedinwhatevertheirmi
ssionwasinallpeopleperishedinthefourplanesandseveralscoremorewereknowndeade
lsewherenumerousfirefighterspoliceofficersandotherrescueworkerswhoresponded
totheinitialdisasterinlowermanhattanwerekilledorinjuredwhenthebuildingscoll
apsedhundredsweretreatedforcutsbrokenbonesburnsandsmokeinhalationbypmpolice
officervolunteersusingdogshadfoundfourbodiesinthesmolderingstorieshighpileo
frubblewherethetowershadoncestoodandhadtakenthemtoamakeshiftmorgueinthelobb
yofanofficebuildingatveseyandweststreetsbuttherealcarnagewasconcealedfornow
bythetwistedsmokingashchokedcarcassesofthetwintowersinwhichtensofthousandso
fpeopleusedtoworkonaweekdaythecollapseofthetowerscausedanotherworldtradecen
terbuildingtofallhourslaterandseveralotherbuildingsintheareaweredamagedoraf
lameihaveasenseitsahorrendousnumberofliveslostsaidmayorrudolphwgiulianirigh
tnowwehavetofocusonsavingasmanylivesaspossiblethemayorwarnedthatthenumbersa
regoingtobeveryveryhighheaddedthatthemedicalexaminersofficewillbereadytodea
lwiththousandsandthousandsofbodiesiftheyhavetowithinanhourtheunitedstateswa
sonawarfootingthemilitarywasputonthehigheststateofalertnationalguardunitswe
recalledoutinwashingtonandnewyorkandtwoaircraftcarriersweredispatchedtonewy
orkharborpresidentbushremainedaloftinairforceonefollowingasecretiverouteand
makingonlybriefstopoversatairforcebasesinlouisianaandnebraskahiswifeanddaug
hterswereevacuatedtoasecureunidentifiedlocationthewhitehousethepentagonandt
hecapitolwereevacuatedexceptforthesituationroominthewhitehousewherevicepres
identcheneyremainedinchargegivingtheeerieimpressionofanationalcapitalvirtua
llystrippedofitskeyinstitutionsnobodyimmediatelyclaimedresponsibilityforthe
attacksbutthescaleandsophisticationoftheoperationtheextraordinaryplanningre
quiredforconcertedhijackingsbyterroristswhohadtobefamiliarwithmodernjetline
rsandthehistoryofmajorattacksonamericantargetsinrecentyearsledmanyofficials
andexpertstopointtoosamabinladentheislamicmilitantbelievedtooperateoutofafg
hanistanafghanistanshardlinetalibanrulersrejectedsuchsuggestionsbutofficial
stookthatasadefensivemeasureattorneygeneraljohnashcrofttoldreportersintheev
eningthatthesuspectsonthefirstflightwerearmedwithknivessenatororrinhatchrep
ublicanofutahtoldreportersthattheunitedstateshadsomeevidencethatpeopleassoc
iatedwithmrbinladenhadsentoutmessagesactuallysayingovertheairwavesprivateai
rwavesatthatthattheyhadhittwotargetsintheeveningexplosionswerereportedinkab
ultheafghancapitalbutofficialsatthepentagondeniedthattheunitedstateshadatta
ckedthatcitypresidentbushfacinghisfirstmajorcrisisinofficevowedthattheunite
dstateswouldhuntdownandpunishthoseresponsiblefortheevildespicableactsofterr
orwhichhesaidtookthousandsofamericanliveshesaidtheunitedstateswouldmakenodi
stinctionbetweenthosewhocarriedoutthehijackingsandthosewhoharboredandsuppor
tedthemtheseactsofmassmurderwereintendedtofrightenournationintochaosandretr
eatbuttheyhavefailedasomberpresidenttoldthenationinanaddressfromtheovaloffi
ceshortlyafterpmearlierlandingatbarksdaleairforceonewasaccompaniedbyfighter
jetsonbothwingsandsurroundedonthegroundbyairforcepersonnelinfullcombatgearm
rbushreturnedtowashingtonatpmtherepercussionsoftheattackswiftlyspreadacross
thenationairtrafficacrosstheunitedstateswashaltedatleastuntiltodayandintern
ationalflightsweredivertedtocanadaborderswithcanadaandmexicowereclosedmostf
ederalbuildingsacrossthecountrywereshutdownmajorskyscrapersandavarietyofoth
ersitesrangingfromdisneythemeparkstothegoldengatebridgeandunitednationshead
quartersinnewyorkwereevacuatedbutitwasinnewyorkthatthecalamityachievedlevel
sofhorroranddestructionknownonlyinwarthelargestcityintheunitedstatesthefina
ncialcapitaloftheworldwasvirtuallycloseddowntransportationintomanhattanwash
altedaswasmuchofpublictransportwithinthecitypartsoflowermanhattanwerewithout
powermajorstockexchangesclosedprimaryelectionsformayorandothercityofficeswe
recancelledthousandsofworkersreleasedfromtheirofficesinlowermanhattanbutwit
hnowaytogethomeexceptbyfootsetoffinvaststreamsdowntheavenuesandacrossthebri
dgesunderabeautifulclearskyaccompaniedbytheunceasingserenadeofsirenswhiledo
ctorsandnursesathospitalsacrossthecitytendedtohundredsofdamagedpeopleadisqu
ietingsensegrewthroughoutthedayatothertriagecentersandemergencyroomsthatthe
rewouldactuallybelessworkthemorguesweregoingtobebusiestasenseofshockgriefan
dsolidarityspreadrapidlythroughthecitytherewastheexpectationthatfriendsandr
elativeswouldberevealedamongthevictimsschoolspreparedtoletstudentsstayovern
ightiftheycouldnotgethomeorifitemergedthattherewasnoonetogohometotherewasal
sothefearthatitwasnotoverstoresreportedarunonbasicgoodsandtherewastheurgeto
helpthousandsofnewyorkerslinedupoutsidehospitalstodonatebloodasingreatcrise
spastpeopleexchangedstoriesofwheretheywerewhentheyheardthenewsthereisacontr
olledprofessionalismbutalsoasenseofshocksaidmarkgackermananofficialatthestv
incentmedicalcenterobviouslynewyorkandallofushaveexperiencedatraumathatisun
parallelediinvitenewyorkerstojoininprayersaidcardinaledwardmeganasheemerged
fromtheemergencyroomofstvincentsinbluehospitalgarbthisisatragedythatthisgre
atcitycanhandleiamamazedatthegoodnessofourpoliceandourfirefightersandourhos
pitalpeopleallcommunicationscreakedundertheloadofthesuddenemergencymobileph
onesbecameallbutuselessintercitylineswerecloggedandmajorinternetserversrepo
rtedoverloadstheareaaroundtheworldtradecenterresembledadesertafteraterrible
sandstormpartsofbuildingscrushedvehiclesandtheshoespursesumbrellasandbabyca
rriagesofthosewhofledlaycoveredwiththickgrayashthroughwhichweepingpeoplewan
deredinsearchofsafetyeachwithastoryofpurehorrorimezgrahamanddeehowardbothof
whomworkedonthestfloorofthenorthtowerwerewalkingupchambersstreetcoveredinso
ottotheirgracefullywovendreadlockscakedinsootbarefoottheyhadspentanhourwalk
ingdownthestairsafterthefirstexplosiontheyweretakentoanambulancewhenthebuil
dingcollapsedtheyjumpedoutandbegantowalkhometheyneedmeivegottogethomemshowa
rdsaidwherewasthatasfarawayfromhereaspossibleinchinatownawomanofferedthemap
airofdaintychinesesandalsnearbyconstructionworkersofferedtohosethesootoffpa
ssingpeoplethetwinpillarsoftheworldtradecenterwereamongthebestknownlandmark
sinnewyorkfloorunadornedblocksthatdominatedanyapproachtomanhattanitisprobab
lethatrenownandthethousandsofpeoplewhonormallyworkthereeachweekdaythatledis
lamicmilitantstotargetthetowersfordestructionalreadyinthenbyparkingvansload
edwithexplosivesinthebasementthereisnowaytoknowhowmanypeoplewereatworkshort
lybeforeamwhenthefirstjetlinersslicedintothenorthtoweralsoknownasworldtrade
centercnnandothertelevisionnetworkswerequicktofocustheircamerasonthedisaste
renablinguntoldnumbersofviewerstowitnessthesecondjetlinerasitbankedintothes
outhtowerminuteslaterblowingacloudofflameanddebrisouttheothersideevenmorevi
ewersweretunedinbyamwhenthesouthtowersuddenlyvanishedinswirlingbillowsofash
collapsinginonitselfthenatamthenorthtowerfollowedachokinggreycloudbillowedo
utblockingoutthebrightsunshineandchasingthousandsofpanickedworkersthroughth
ecanyonsoflowermanhattanplumescontinuedtorisehighoverthecitylateintothenigh
tthescreamingwasjusthorrendousrecalledcarolwebsteranofficialofthenyackcolle
geallianceseminarywhohadjustemergedfromthepathtrainswhenthecarnagebeganever
ytimetherewouldbeanotherexplosionpeoplewouldstartscreamingandthrongingagain
thescenesofhorrorwereindeliblepeoplewholeftfromthebrokentowerspeoplewhofoug
htforpayphonespeoplewhitewithsootandredwithbloodwesawpeoplejumpingfromtheto
werasthefirewasgoingonsaidstevebakertheskywentblackallthisstuffcameontouswe
ranthetimingwasmurderousforthearmadaofrescuevehiclesthatgatheredafterthepla
nescrashedandwerecaughtunderthecollapsingbuildingsmanyrescueworkerswererepo
rtedkilledorinjuredandtheanticipationthatbuildingwouldsoonfollowledtoasuspe
nsionofoperatiosthefirefightersunionsaidthatatleastofitsmembershaddiedmayor
giulianialongwiththepoliceandfirecommissionersandthedirectorofemergencymana
gementwasforcedtoabandonatemporarycommandcenteratbarclaystreetablockfromthe
worldtradecenterandthemayoremergedwithhisgraysuitcoveredwithashintheevening
officialsreportedthatbuildingsandoftheworldtradecenterhadalsocollapsedandbu
ildingsallaroundthecomplexhadtheirwindowsblownouttherectorstreetsubwaystati
oncollapsedandthewalkwayatweststreetwasgoneworldleadershastenedtocondemnthe
attacksincludingpalestinianleaderyasirarafatandlibyasmuammaralqhaddafyeurop
eanleadersbeganquietdiscussionslastnightabouthowtheymightassisttheunitedsta
tesinstrikingbackandrussiaspresidentvladimirputinjoinedinexpressingsupportf
oraretaliatorystrikebutinthewestbankcityofnablusrejoicingpalestinianswhohav
ebeenlockedinabitterstrugglewithisraelforalmostayearwentintothestreetstocha
ntgodisgreatandtodistributecandiestocelebratetheattacksmanygovernmentstookt
heirownprecautionsagainstattackisraelevacuatedmanyofitsembassiesabroadandno
nessentialstaffersatnatoheadquartersinbrusselswereorderedhomeinafghanistant
herulingtalibanarguedthatmrbinladencouldnothavebeenresponsiblefortheattacks
whathappenedintheunitedstateswasnotajobofordinarypeopleanofficialabdulhaimu
tmaentoldreutersitcouldhavebeentheworkofgovernmentsosamabinladencannotdothi
sworkapartfromthemajorquestionofwhowasresponsibleahostofotherquestionswerec
ertaintobeattheforefrontincomingdaysandweeksonewasthetimingwhyseptthedatese
emedtohavenoobviousmeaningoneofthemenconvictedinthebombingoftheunitedstates
embassyinnairobiininwhichwerekilledwasoriginallyscheduledforsentencingonsep
tbutthesentencingofthemanmohamedrasheeddaoudalowhalihadbeenputofftomidoctob
eritwaspossiblethatmralowhaliandtheothersconvictedwithhimwereclosewitnesses
tothebombingssinceterrorsuspectstypicallyawaitsentencingatthemetropolitanco
rrectionalcenterinlowermanhattanofficialshavenotconfirmedthattheconvictedna
irobibombersaretheremanyquestionswouldalsoberaisedabouthowhijackersmanagedt
oseizefourjetswithallthemodernsafeguardsinplaceinitialinformationwassketchy
althoughapassengerontheunitedairlinesjetlinerthatcrashedinpennsylvaniamanag
edtomakeacellularphonecallfromthetoiletwearebeinghijackedwearebeinghijacked
themanshoutedatamashewasspeakingtheplanecrashedabouteightmileseastofjenners
townkillingallaboardforallthequestionswhatwasclearwasthattheworldtradecente
rwouldtakeitsplaceamongthegreatcalamitiesofamericanhistoryadayofinfamylikep
earlharboroklahomacitylockerbietheveryabsenceofthetowerswouldbecomeasymbola
ftertheirdominationofthenewyorkskylineforyearsthoughinitialreviewsweremixed
whenthetowerswerededicatedintheycameintotheirownaslandmarkswithpassingyears
kingkongclimbedonetowerinaremakeofthemovieclassicinapriltheportauthorityofn
ewyorkandnewjerseywhichrantheworldtradecenterthroughitsfirstyearsleasedthec
omplexforbilliontoagroupledbylarryasilversteinadeveloperandwestfieldamerica
incinrecentyearsthecomplexhasfilledupwithtenantsandrevenueshaveincreasedina
dditiontothetowersthecomplexincludedfourotherbuildingstwoofwhichwerealsogon
eforatotalofmillionsquarefeetofrentableofficespace
5. Cipher-5.txt INFO:
Key Length: 6
Key Set: 7-14-21-19-1-11
Cipher-5out.txt - The Decrypted Text
- bioinformaticsfindoutmoreaboutnavigatingwikipediaandfindinginformationfromw
ikipediathefreeencyclopediajumptonavigationsearchmapofthehumanxchromosomefr
omthencbiwebsiteassemblyofthehumangenomeisoneofthegreatestachievementsofbio
informaticsbioinformaticsandcomputationalbiologyinvolvetheuseoftechniquesin
cludingappliedmathematicsinformaticsstatisticscomputerscienceartificialinte
lligencechemistryandbiochemistrytosolvebiologicalproblemsusuallyonthemolecu
larlevelresearchincomputationalbiologyoftenoverlapswithsystemsbiologymajorr
esearcheffortsinthefieldincludesequencealignmentgenefindinggenomeassemblypr
oteinstructurealignmentproteinstructurepredictionpredictionofgeneexpression
andproteinproteininteractionsandthemodelingofevolutioncontentshideintroduct
ionmajorresearchareasosequenceanalysisogenomeannotationocomputationalevolut
ionarybiologyomeasuringbiodiversityoanalysisofgeneexpressionoanalysisofregu
lationoanalysisofproteinexpressionoanalysisofmutationsincanceropredictionof
proteinstructureocomparativegenomicsomodelingbiologicalsystemsohighthroughp
utimageanalysisoproteinproteindockingsoftwaretoolsseealsoorelatedtopicsorel
atedfieldsreferencesexternallinkseditintroductionthetermsbioinformaticsandc
omputationalbiologyareoftenusedinterchangeablyhoweverbioinformaticsmoreprop
erlyreferstothecreationandadvancementofalgorithmscomputationalandstatistica
ltechniquesandtheorytosolveformalandpracticalproblemsinspiredfromthemanagem
entandanalysisofbiologicaldatacomputationalbiologyontheotherhandreferstohyp
othesisdriveninvestigationofaspecificbiologicalproblemusingcomputerscarried
outwithexperimentalorsimulateddatawiththeprimarygoalofdiscoveryandtheadvanc
ementofbiologicalknowledgeputmoresimplybioinformaticsisconcernedwiththeinfo
rmationwhilecomputationalbiologyisconcernedwiththehypothesesasimilardistinc
tionismadebynationalinstitutesofhealthintheirworkingdefinitionsofbioinforma
ticsandcomputationalbiologywhereitisfurtheremphasizedthatthereisatightcoupl
ingofdevelopmentsandknowledgebetweenthemorehypothesisdrivenresearchincomput
ationalbiologyandtechniquedrivenresearchinbioinformaticsbioinformaticsisals
ooftenspecifiedasanappliedsubfieldofthemoregeneraldisciplineofbiomedicalinf
ormaticsacommonthreadinprojectsinbioinformaticsandcomputationalbiologyisthe
useofmathematicaltoolstoextractusefulinformationfromdataproducedbyhighthrou
ghputbiologicaltechniquessuchasgenomesequencingarepresentativeprobleminbioi
nformaticsistheassemblyofhighqualitygenomesequencesfromfragmentaryshotgundn
asequencingothercommonproblemsincludethestudyofgeneregulationusingdatafromm
icroarraysormassspectrometryeditmajorresearchareaseditsequenceanalysismaina
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archthegenomeofthousandsoforganismscontainingbillionsofnucleotidestheseprog
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eotidesbutinsteadthesequencesofthousandsofsmalldnafragmentseachaboutnucleot
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ompletegenomeshotgunsequencingyieldssequencedataquicklybutthetaskofassembli
ngthefragmentscanbequitecomplicatedforlargergenomesinthecaseofthehumangenom
eprojectittookseveralmonthsofcputimeonacircavintagedecalphacomputertoassemb
lethefragmentsshotgunsequencingisthemethodofchoiceforvirtuallyallgenomesseq
uencedtodayandgenomeassemblyalgorithmsareacriticalareaofbioinformaticsresea
rchanotheraspectofbioinformaticsinsequenceanalysisistheautomaticsearchforge
nesandregulatorysequenceswithinagenomenotallofthenucleotideswithinagenomear
egeneswithinthegenomeofhigherorganismslargepartsofthednadonotserveanyobviou
spurposethissocalledjunkdnamayhowevercontainunrecognizedfunctionalelementsb
ioinformaticshelpstobridgethegapbetweengenomeandproteomeprojectsforexamplei
ntheuseofdnasequencesforproteinidentificationseealsosequenceanalysissequenc
eprofilingtoolsequencemotifeditgenomeannotationmainarticlegenefindinginthec
ontextofgenomicsannotationistheprocessofmarkingthegenesandotherbiologicalfe
aturesinadnasequencethefirstgenomeannotationsoftwaresystemwasdesignedinbydr
owenwhitewhowaspartoftheteamthatsequencedandanalyzedthefirstgenomeofafreeli
vingorganismtobedecodedthebacteriumhaemophilusinfluenzaedrwhitebuiltasoftwa
resystemtofindthegenesplacesinthednasequencethatencodeaproteinthetransferrn
aandotherfeaturesandtomakeinitialassignmentsoffunctiontothosegenesmostcurre
ntgenomeannotationsystemsworksimilarlybuttheprogramsavailableforanalysisofg
enomicdnaareconstantlychangingandimprovingeditcomputationalevolutionarybiol
ogyevolutionarybiologyisthestudyoftheoriginanddescentofspeciesaswellastheir
changeovertimeinformaticshasassistedevolutionarybiologistsinseveralkeywaysi
thasenabledresearcherstotracetheevolutionofalargenumberoforganismsbymeasuri
ngchangesintheirdnaratherthanthroughphysicaltaxonomyorphysiologicalobservat
ionsalonemorerecentlycompareentiregenomeswhichpermitsthestudyofmorecomplexe
volutionaryeventssuchasgeneduplicationlateralgenetransferandthepredictionof
factorsimportantinbacterialspeciationbuildcomplexcomputationalmodelsofpopul
ationstopredicttheoutcomeofthesystemovertimetrackandshareinformationonaninc
reasinglylargenumberofspeciesandorganismsfutureworkendeavourstoreconstructt
henowmorecomplextreeoflifetheareaofresearchwithincomputersciencethatusesgen
eticalgorithmsissometimesconfusedwithcomputationalevolutionarybiologybutthe
twoareasareunrelatededitmeasuringbiodiversitybiodiversityofanecosystemmight
bedefinedasthetotalgenomiccomplementofaparticularenvironmentfromallofthespe
ciespresentwhetheritisabiofilminanabandonedmineadropofseawaterascoopofsoilo
rtheentirebiosphereoftheplanetearthdatabasesareusedtocollectthespeciesnames
descriptionsdistributionsgeneticinformationstatusandsizeofpopulationshabita
tneedsandhoweachorganisminteractswithotherspeciesspecializedsoftwareprogram
sareusedtofindvisualizeandanalyzetheinformationandmostimportantlycommunicat
eittootherpeoplecomputersimulationsmodelsuchthingsaspopulationdynamicsorcal
culatethecumulativegenetichealthofabreedingpoolinagricultureorendangeredpop
ulationinconservationoneveryexcitingpotentialofthisfieldisthatentirednasequ
encesorgenomesofendangeredspeciescanbepreservedallowingtheresultsofnaturesg
eneticexperimenttoberememberedinsilicoandpossiblyreusedinthefutureeveniftha
tspeciesiseventuallylostimportantprojectsspeciesprojectubioprojecteditanaly
sisofgeneexpressiontheexpressionofmanygenescanbedeterminedbymeasuringmrnale
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quencingserialanalysisofgeneexpressionsagetagsequencingmassivelyparallelsig
naturesequencingmpssorvariousapplicationsofmultiplexedinsituhybridizational
lofthesetechniquesareextremelynoiseproneandorsubjecttobiasinthebiologicalme
asurementandamajorresearchareaincomputationalbiologyinvolvesdevelopingstati
sticaltoolstoseparatesignalfromnoiseinhighthroughputgeneexpressionstudiessu
chstudiesareoftenusedtodeterminethegenesimplicatedinadisorderonemightcompar
emicroarraydatafromcancerousepithelialcellstodatafromnoncancerouscellstodet
erminethetranscriptsthatareupregulatedanddownregulatedinaparticularpopulati
onofcancercellseditanalysisofregulationregulationisthecomplexorchestrationo
feventsstartingwithanextracellularsignalsuchasahormoneandleadingtoanincreas
eordecreaseintheactivityofoneormoreproteinsbioinformaticstechniqueshavebeen
appliedtoexplorevariousstepsinthisprocessforexamplepromoteranalysisinvolves
theidentificationandstudyofsequencemotifsinthednasurroundingthecodingregion
ofagenethesemotifsinfluencetheextenttowhichthatregionistranscribedintomrnae
xpressiondatacanbeusedtoinfergeneregulationonemightcomparemicroarraydatafro
mvawidevarietyofstatesofanorganismtoformhypothesesaboutthegenesinvolvedinea
chstateinasinglecellorganismonemightcomparestagesofthecellcyclealongwithvar
iousstressconditionsheatshockstarvationetconecanthenapplyclusteringalgorith
mstothatexpressiondatatodeterminewhichgenesarecoexpressedforexampletheupstr
eamregionspromotersofcoexpressedgenescanbesearchedforoverrepresentedregulat
oryelementseditanalysisofproteinexpressionproteinmicroarraysandhighthroughp
uthtmassspectrometrymscanprovideasnapshotoftheproteinspresentinabiologicals
amplebioinformaticsisverymuchinvolvedinmakingsenseofproteinmicroarrayandhtm
sdatatheformerapproachfacessimilarproblemsaswithmicroarraystargetedatmrnath
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ssesfromproteinsequencedatabasesandthecomplicatedstatisticalanalysisofsampl
eswheremultiplebutincompletepeptidesfromeachproteinaredetectededitanalysiso
fmutationsincancerincancerthegenomesofaffectedcellsarerearrangedincomplexor
evenunpredictablewaysmassivesequencingeffortsareusedtoidentifypreviouslyunk
nownpointmutationsinavarietyofgenesincancerbioinformaticianscontinuetoprodu
cespecializedautomatedsystemstomanagethesheervolumeofsequencedataproducedan
dtheycreatenewalgorithmsandsoftwaretocomparethesequencingresultstothegrowin
gcollectionofhumangenomesequencesandgermlinepolymorphismsnewphysicaldetecti
ontechnologyareemployedsuchasoligonucleotidemicroarraystoidentifychromosoma
lgainsandlossescalledcomparativegenomichybridizationandsinglenucleotidepoly
morphismarraystodetectknownpointmutationsthesedetectionmethodssimultaneousl
ymeasureseveralhundredthousandsitesthroughoutthegenomeandwhenusedinhighthro
ughputtomeasurethousandsofsamplesgenerateterabytesofdataperexperimentagaint
hemassiveamountsandnewtypesofdatageneratenewopportunitiesforbioinformaticia
nsthedataisoftenfoundtocontainconsiderablevariabilityornoiseandthushiddenma
rkovmodelandchangepointanalysismethodsarebeingdevelopedtoinferrealcopynumbe
rchangesanothertypeofdatathatrequiresnovelinformaticsdevelopmentistheanalys
isoflesionsfoundtoberecurrentacrossmanytumorseditpredictionofproteinstructu
remainarticleproteinstructurepredictionproteinstructurepredictionisanotheri
mportantapplicationofbioinformaticstheaminoacidsequenceofaproteinthesocalle
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phalopathyakamadcowdiseaseprionknowledgeofthisstructureisvitalinunderstandi
ngthefunctionoftheproteinforlackofbettertermsstructuralinformationisusually
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iontosuchpredictionsremainsanopenproblemasofnowmosteffortshavebeendirectedt
owardsheuristicsthatworkmostofthetimeoneofthekeyideasinbioinformaticsisthen
otionofhomologyinthegenomicbranchofbioinformaticshomologyisusedtopredictthe
functionofageneifthesequenceofgeneawhosefunctionisknownishomologoustotheseq
uenceofgenebwhosefunctionisunknownonecouldinferthatbmayshareasfunctioninthe
structuralbranchofbioinformaticshomologyisusedtodeterminewhichpartsofaprote
inareimportantinstructureformationandinteractionwithotherproteinsinatechniq
uecalledhomologymodelingthisinformationisusedtopredictthestructureofaprotei
noncethestructureofahomologousproteinisknownthiscurrentlyremainstheonlywayt
opredictproteinstructuresreliablyoneexampleofthisisthesimilarproteinhomolog
ybetweenhemoglobininhumansandthehemoglobininlegumesleghemoglobinbothserveth
esamepurposeoftransportingoxygenintheorganismthoughbothoftheseproteinshavec
ompletelydifferentaminoacidsequencestheirproteinstructuresarevirtuallyident
icalwhichreflectstheirnearidenticalpurposesothertechniquesforpredictingprot
einstructureincludeproteinthreadinganddenovofromscratchphysicsbasedmodeling
seealsostructuralmotifandstructuraldomaineditcomparativegenomicsthecoreofco
mparativegenomeanalysisistheestablishmentofthecorrespondencebetweengenesort
hologyanalysisorothergenomicfeaturesindifferentorganismsitistheseintergenom
icmapsthatmakeitpossibletotracetheevolutionaryprocessesresponsibleforthediv
ergenceoftwogenomesamultitudeofevolutionaryeventsactingatvariousorganizatio
nallevelsshapegenomeevolutionatthelowestlevelpointmutationsaffectindividual
nucleotidesatahigherlevellargechromosomalsegmentsundergoduplicationlateralt
ransferinversiontranspositiondeletionandinsertionultimatelywholegenomesarei
nvolvedinprocessesofhybridizationpolyploidizationandendosymbiosisoftenleadi
ngtorapidspeciationthecomplexityofgenomeevolutionposesmanyexcitingchallenge
stodevelopersofmathematicalmodelsandalgorithmswhohaverecoursetoaspectraofal
gorithmicstatisticalandmathematicaltechniquesrangingfromexactheuristicsfixe
dparameterandapproximationalgorithmsforproblemsbasedonparsimonymodelstomark
ovchainmontecarloalgorithmsforbayesiananalysisofproblemsbasedonprobabilisti
cmodelsmanyofthesestudiesarebasedonthehomologydetectionandproteinfamiliesco
mputationseealsocomparativegenomicsbayesiannetworkandproteinfamilyeditmodel
ingbiologicalsystemsmainarticlesystemsbiologysystemsbiologyinvolvestheuseof
computersimulationsofcellularsubsystemssuchasthenetworksofmetabolitesandenz
ymeswhichcomprisemetabolismsignaltransductionpathwaysandgeneregulatorynetwo
rkstobothanalyzeandvisualizethecomplexconnectionsofthesecellularprocessesar
tificiallifeorvirtualevolutionattemptstounderstandevolutionaryprocessesviat
hecomputersimulationofsimpleartificiallifeformsedithighthroughputimageanaly
siscomputationaltechnologiesareusedtoaccelerateorfullyautomatetheprocessing
quantificationandanalysisoflargeamountsofhighinformationcontentbiomedicalim
agerymodernimageanalysissystemsaugmentanobserversabilitytomakemeasurementsf
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6. Cipher-6.txt INFO:
Key Length: 7
Key Set: 9-12-3-4-16-6-20
Cipher-6out.txt - The Decrypted Text
- historyofcryptographylearnmoreaboutcitingwikipediafromwikipediathefreeencyc
lopediajumptonavigationsearchthehistoryofcryptographybeginsthousandsofyears
agountilrecentdecadesithasbeenthestoryofwhatmightbecalledclassiccryptograph
ythatisofmethodsofencryptionthatusepenandpaperorperhapssimplemechanicalaids
intheearlythcenturytheinventionofcomplexmechanicalandelectromechanicalmachi
nessuchastheenigmarotormachineprovidedmoresophisticatedandefficientmeansofe
ncryptionandthesubsequentintroductionofelectronicsandcomputinghasallowedela
borateschemesofstillgreatercomplexitymostofwhichareentirelyunsuitedtopenand
paperthedevelopmentofcryptographyhasbeenparalleledbythedevelopmentofcryptan
alysisofthebreakingofcodesandciphersthediscoveryandapplicationearlyonoffreq
uencyanalysistothereadingofencryptedcommunicationshasonoccasionalteredtheco
urseofhistorythusthezimmermanntelegramtriggeredtheunitedstatesentryintoworl
dwariandalliedreadingofnazigermanysciphersshortenedworldwariiinsomeevaluati
onsbyasmuchastwoyearsuntilthessecurecryptographywaslargelythepreserveofgove
rnmentstwoeventshavesincebroughtitsquarelyintothepublicdomainthecreationofa
publicencryptionstandarddesandtheinventionofpublickeycryptographycontentshi
declassicalcryptographymedievalcryptographycryptographyfromtoworldwariiworl
dwariicryptographymoderncryptographyoshannonoanencryptionstandardopublickey
ocryptographypoliticsomoderncryptanalysisseealsoreferencesexternallinksedit
classicalcryptographyseealsoclassicalciphertheearliestknownuseofcryptograph
yisfoundinnonstandardhieroglyphscarvedintomonumentsfromegyptsoldkingdomcaye
arsagothesearenotthoughttobeseriousattemptsatsecretcommunicationshoweverbut
rathertohavebeenattemptsatmysteryintrigueorevenamusementforliterateonlooker
stheseareexamplesofstillotherusesofcryptographyorofsomethingthatlooksimpres
sivelyifmisleadinglylikeitsomeclaytabletsfrommesopotamiasomewhatlaterarecle
arlymeanttoprotectinformationtheyencryptrecipespresumablycommerciallyvaluab
lelaterstillhebrewscholarsmadeuseofsimplemonoalphabeticsubstitutioncipherss
uchastheatbashcipherbeginningperhapsaroundtobcecryptographyhasalongtraditio
ninreligiouswritinglikelytooffendthedominantcultureorpoliticalauthoritiespe
rhapsthemostfamousisthenumberofthebeastfromthebookofrevelationsinthechristi
annewtestamentmightbeacryptographicieencryptedwayofconcealingadangerousrefe
rencemanyscholarsbelieveitsaconcealedreferencetotheromanempireormorelikelyt
otheemperornerohimselfandsotoromanpersecutionpoliciesthatwouldhavebeenunder
stoodbytheinitiatedwhohadthekeytounderstandingandyetbesafeoratleastdeniable
andsolessdangerousifitcametotheattentionoftheauthoritiesatleastfororthodoxc
hristianwritingmostoftheneedforsuchconcealmentendedwithconstantinesconversi
onandtheadoptionofchristianityastheofficialreligionoftheempireascytaleanear
lydeviceforencryptionthegreeksofclassicaltimesaresaidtohaveknownofcipherseg
thescytaletranspositioncipherclaimedtohavebeenusedbythespartanmilitaryherod
otustellsusofsecretmessagesphysicallyconcealedbeneathwaxonwoodentabletsoras
atattooonaslavesheadconcealedbyregrownhairthoughthesearenotproperlyexamples
ofcryptographyperseasthemessageonceknownisdirectlyreadablethisisknownassteg
anographytheromanscertainlydidknowsomethingofcryptographyegthecaesarciphera
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peciallyjuliuscaesarsithasbeenunfortunatelylostinindiacryptographywasalsowe
llknownitisrecommendedinthekamasutraasatechniquebywhichloverscancommunicate
withoutbeingdiscoverededitmedievalcryptographyitwasprobablyreligiouslymotiv
atedtextualanalysisofthequranwhichledtotheinventionofthefrequencyanalysiste
chniqueforbreakingmonoalphabeticsubstitutioncipherssometimearoundceibrahima
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alphabeticcipherbyalberticaandmanyremainedsothereaftercitationneededalthoug
halbertiisusuallyconsideredthefatherofpolyalphabeticcipherprofalkadispaperr
efreviewingarabiccontributionstocryptographyreportedknowledgeofpolyalphabet
icciphersyearsbeforealbertibasedonarecentlydiscoveredmanuscriptitappearstha
tabuyusufyaqubibnishaqibnassabbahibnomranibnismailalkindiwhowroteabookoncry
tographycalledrisalahfiistikhrajalmuammamanuscriptforthedecipheringcryptogr
aphicmessagescircacedescribedthefirstcryptanalysistechniquesincludingsomefo
rpolyalphabeticcipherscipherclassificationarabicphoneticsandsyntaxandmostim
portantlydescribedtheuseofseveralstatisticaltechniquesforcryptanalysisandga
vethefirstdescriptionsonfrequencyanalysisthisbookseemstobethefirstpostclass
icalerareferencebyaboutyearsitalsocontainsprobabilityandstatisticalworksome
yearsbeforepascalandfermatcryptographybecamesecretlystillmoreimportantasaco
nsequenceofpoliticalcompetitionandreligiousrevolutionforinstanceineuropedur
ingandaftertherenaissancecitizensofthevariousitalianstatesthepapalstatesand
theromancatholicchurchincludedwereresponsibleforrapidproliferationofcryptog
raphictechniquesfewofwhichreflectunderstandingorevenknowledgeofalbertispoly
alphabeticadvanceadvancedciphersevenafteralbertiwerentasadvancedastheirinve
ntorsdevelopersusersclaimedandprobablyeventhemselvesbelievedtheywereregular
lybrokenthisoveroptimismmaybeinherentincryptographyforitwasthenandremainsto
dayfundamentallydifficulttoreallyknowhowvulnerableyoursystemactuallyisinthe
absenceofknowledgeguessesandhopesasmaybeexpectedarecommoncryptographycrypta
nalysisandsecretagentcourierbetrayalfeaturedinthebabingtonplotduringthereig
nofqueenelizabethiwhichledtotheexecutionofmaryqueenofscotsanencryptedmessag
efromthetimeofthemanintheironmaskdecryptedjustpriortobytiennebazerieshasshe
dsomeregrettablynondefinitivelightontheidentityofthatrealiflegendaryandunfo
rtunateprisonercryptographyanditsmisusewereinvolvedintheplottingwhichledtot
heexecutionofmatahariandintheconnivingwhichledtothetravestyofdreyfusconvict
ionandimprisonmentbothintheearlythcenturyfortunatelycryptographerswerealsoi
nvolvedinexposingthemachinationswhichhadledtodreyfusproblemsmatahariincontr
astwasshotoutsideofeuropeaftertheendofthemuslimgoldenageatthehandofthemongo
lscryptographyremainedcomparativelyundevelopedcryptographyinjapanseemsnotto
havebeenuseduntilaboutandadvancedtechniqueswerenotknownuntilaftertheopening
ofthecountrytothewestbeginninginthesseealsovoynichmanuscripteditcryptograph
yfromtoworldwariialthoughcryptographyhasalongandcomplexhistoryitwasntuntilt
hethcenturythatitdevelopedanythingmorethanadhocapproachestoeitherencryption
orcryptanalysisthescienceoffindingweaknessesincryptosystemsexamplesofthelat
terincludecharlesbabbagescrimeanwareraworkonmathematicalcryptanalysisofpoly
alphabeticciphersrediscoveredandpublishedsomewhatlaterbytheprussianfriedric
hkasiskiunderstandingofcryptographyatthistimetypicallyconsistedofhardwonrul
esofthumbseeforexampleaugustekerckhoffscryptographicwritingsinthelatterthce
nturyedgarallanpoeusedsystematicmethodstosolveciphersinthesinparticularhepl
acedanoticeofhisabilitiesinthephiladelphiapaperalexandersweeklyexpressmesse
ngerinvitingsubmissionsofciphersofwhichheproceededtosolvealmostallhissucces
screatedapublicstirforsomemonthshelaterwroteanessayonmethodsofcryptographyw
hichprovedusefulasanintroductionfornoviceroombritishcryptanalystsattempting
tobreakgermancodesandciphersduringworldwariingilbertvernamproposedateletype
cipherinwhichapreviouslypreparedkeykeptonpapertapeiscombinedcharacterbychar
acterwiththeplaintextmessagetoproducethecyphertextthisledtothedevelopmentof
theonetimepadandtheuseofelectromechanicaldevicesasciphermachinesmathematica
lmethodsproliferatedintheperiodpriortoworldwariinotablyinwilliamffriedmansa
pplicationofstatisticaltechniquestocryptanalysisandcipherdevelopmentandinma
rianrejewskisinitialbreakintothegermanarmysversionoftheenigmasysteminbothcr
yptographyandcryptanalysishavebecomefarmoremathematicalsincewwiievensoithas
takenthewideavailabilityofcomputersandtheinternetasacommunicationsmediumtob
ringeffectivecryptographyintocommonusebyanyoneotherthannationalgovernmentso
rsimilarlylargeenterpriseseditworldwariicryptographytheenigmamachinewaswide
lyusedbynazigermanyitscryptanalysisbythealliesprovidedvitalultraintelligenc
ebyworldwariimechanicalandelectromechanicalciphermachineswereinwideusealtho
ughwheresuchmachineswereimpracticalmanualsystemscontinuedinusegreatadvances
weremadeincipherbreakingallinsecrecyinformationaboutthisperiodhasbeguntobed
eclassifiedastheofficialbritishyearsecrecyperiodhascometoanendasusarchivesh
aveslowlyopenedandasassortedmemoirsandarticleshaveappearedthegermansmadehea
vyuseinseveralvariantsofanelectromechanicalrotormachineknownasenigmamathema
ticianmarianrejewskiatpolandscipherbureauindecemberreconstructedthegermanar
myenigmausingmathematicsandlimiteddocumentationsuppliedbycaptaingustavebert
randoffrenchmilitaryintelligencethiswasthegreatestbreakthroughincryptanalys
isinathousandyearsandmorerejewskiandhismathematicalcipherbureaucolleaguesje
rzyrzyckiandhenrykzygalskicontinuedreadingenigmaandkeepingpacewiththeevolut
ionofthemachinescomponentsandenciphermentproceduresasthepolesresourcesbecam
estrainedbythechangesbeingintroducedbythegermansandaswarloomedthecipherbure
auonthepolishgeneralstaffsinstructionsonjulyatwarsawinitiatedfrenchandbriti
shintelligencerepresentativesintothesecretsofenigmadecryptionsoonafterworld
wariibrokeoutonseptemberkeycipherbureaupersonnelwereevacuatedsoutheastwardo
nseptemberasthesovietunionenteredeasternpolandtheycrossedintoromaniafromthe
retheyreachedparisfranceatpcbrunonearparistheycontinuedbreakingenigmacollab
oratingwithbritishcryptologistsatbletchleyparkasthebritishgotuptospeedindue
coursethebritishcryptologistswhoseranksincludedmanychessmastersandmathemati
csdonssuchasgordonwelchmanmaxnewmanandalanturingtheconceptualfounderofmoder
ncomputingsubstantiallyadvancedthescaleandtechnologyofenigmadecryptionatthe
endofthewaronaprilbritainstopmilitaryofficersweretoldthattheycouldneverreve
althatthegermanenigmacodehadbeenbrokenbecauseitwouldgivethedefeatedenemythe
chancetosaytheywerenotwellandfairlybeatenusnavycryptographerswithcooperatio
nfrombritishanddutchcryptographersafterbrokeintoseveraljapanesenavycryptosy
stemsthebreakintooneofthemjnfamouslyledtotheusvictoryinthebattleofmidwayaus
armygroupthesismanagedtobreakthehighestsecurityjapanesediplomaticciphersyst
emanelectromechanicalsteppingswitchmachinecalledpurplebytheamericansevenbef
orewwiibegantheamericansreferredtotheintelligenceresultingfromcryptanalysis
perhapsespeciallythatfromthepurplemachineasmagicthebritisheventuallysettled
onultraforintelligenceresultingfromcryptanalysisparticularlythatfrommessage
trafficencipheredbythevariousenigmasanearlierbritishtermforultrahadbeenboni
facethegermanmilitaryalsodeployedseveralmechanicalattemptsataonetimepadblet
chleyparkcalledthemthefishciphersandmaxnewmanandcolleaguesdesignedanddeploy
edtheworldsfirstprogrammabledigitalelectroniccomputerthecolossustohelpwitht
heircryptanalysisthegermanforeignofficebegantousetheonetimepadinsomeofthist
rafficwasreadinwwiipartlyastheresultofrecoveryofsomekeymaterialinsouthameri
cathatwasdiscardedwithoutsufficientcarebyagermancourierthejapaneseforeignof
ficeusedalocallydevelopedelectricalsteppingswitchbasedsystemcalledpurplebyt
heusandalsousedseveralsimilarmachinesforattachesinsomejapaneseembassiesoneo
fthesewascalledthemmachinebytheusanotherwasreferredtoasredallwerebrokentoon
edegreeoranotherbythealliessigabaisdescribedinuspatentfiledinbutnotissuedun
tilalliedciphermachinesusedinwwiiincludedthebritishtypexandtheamericansigab
abothwereelectromechanicalrotordesignssimilarinspirittotheenigmathoughwithm
ajorimprovementsneitherisknowntohavebeenbrokenbyanyoneduringthewarthepolesu
sedthelacidamachinebutitssecuritywasfoundtobelessthanintendedanditsusewasdi
scontinuedustroopsinthefieldusedthemandlesssecuremfamilybritishsoeagentsini
tiallyusedpoemciphersmemorizedpoemsweretheencryptiondecryptionkeysbutlateri
nthewartheybegantoswitchtoonetimepadseditmoderncryptographyeditshannontheer
aofmoderncryptographyreallybeginswithclaudeshannonarguablythefatherofmathem
aticalcryptographywiththeworkhedidduringwwiioncommunicationssecurityinhepub
lishedthepapercommunicationtheoryofsecrecysystemsinthebellsystemtechnicaljo
urnalandalittlelaterthebookmathematicaltheoryofcommunicationwithwarrenweave
rbothincludedresultsfromhiswwiiworktheseinadditiontohisotherworksoninformat
ionandcommunicationtheoryestablishedasolidtheoreticalbasisforcryptographyan
dforcryptanalysisandwiththatcryptographymoreorlessdisappearedintosecretgove
rnmentcommunicationsorganizationssuchasthensagchqandequivalentselsewherever
ylittleworkwasagainmadepublicuntilthemidswheneverythingchangededitanencrypt
ionstandardthemidssawtwomajorpublicienonsecretadvancesfirstwasthepublicatio
nofthedraftdataencryptionstandardintheusfederalregisteronmarchtheproposedde
swassubmittedbyibmattheinvitationofthenationalbureauofstandardsnownistinane
fforttodevelopsecureelectroniccommunicationfacilitiesforbusinessessuchasban
ksandotherlargefinancialorganizationsafteradviceandmodificationbythensaitwa
sadoptedandpublishedasafederalinformationprocessingstandardpublicationincur
rentlyatfipsdeswasthefirstpubliclyaccessibleciphertobeblessedbyanationalage
ncysuchasnsathereleaseofitsspecificationbynbsstimulatedanexplosionofpublica
ndacademicinterestincryptographytheagingdeswasofficiallyreplacedbytheadvanc
edencryptionstandardaesinwhennistannouncedfipsafteranopencompetitionnistsel
ectedrijndaelsubmittedbytwobelgiancryptographerstobetheaesdesandmoresecurev
ariantsofitsuchastripledesseefipsarestillusedtodayhavingbeenincorporatedint
omanynationalandorganizationalstandardshoweveritsbitkeysizehasbeenshowntobe
insufficienttoguardagainstbruteforceattacksonesuchattackundertakenbythecybe
rcivilrightsgroupelectronicfrontierfoundationinsucceededinhoursthestoryisin
crackingdespublishedbyoreillyandassociatesasaresultuseofstraightdesencrypti
onisnowwithoutdoubtinsecureforuseinnewcryptosystemdesignsandmessagesprotect
edbyoldercryptosystemsusingdesandindeedallmessagessentsinceusingdesarealsoa
triskregardlessofitsinherentqualitythedeskeysizebitswasthoughttobetoosmallb
ysomeeveninperhapsmostpubliclybywhitfielddiffietherewassuspicionthatgovernm
entorganizationseventhenhadsufficientcomputingpowertobreakdesmessagesclearl
yothershaveachievedthiscapabilityeditpublickeytheseconddevelopmentinwasperh
apsevenmoreimportantforitfundamentallychangedthewaycryptosystemsmightworkth
iswasthepublicationofthepapernewdirectionsincryptographybywhitfielddiffiean
dmartinhellmanitintroducedaradicallynewmethodofdistributingcryptographickey
swhichwentfartowardsolvingoneofthefundamentalproblemsofcryptographykeydistr
ibutionandhasbecomeknownasdiffiehellmankeyexchangethearticlealsostimulatedt
healmostimmediatepublicdevelopmentofanewclassofencipheringalgorithmstheasym
metrickeyalgorithmspriortothattimeallusefulmodernencryptionalgorithmshadbee
nsymmetrickeyalgorithmsinwhichthesamecryptographickeyisusedwiththeunderlyin
galgorithmbyboththesenderandtherecipientwhomustbothkeepitsecretalloftheelec
tromechanicalmachinesusedinwwiiwereofthislogicalclassaswerethecaesarandatba
shciphersandessentiallyallcipherandcodesystemsthroughouthistorythekeyforaco
deisofcoursethecodebookwhichmustlikewisebedistributedandkeptsecretofnecessi
tythekeyineverysuchsystemhadtobeexchangedbetweenthecommunicatingpartiesinso
mesecurewaypriortoanyuseofthesystemthetermusuallyusedisviaasecurechannelsuc
hasatrustworthycourierwithabriefcasehandcuffedtoawristorfacetofacecontactor
aloyalcarrierpigeonthisrequirementisnevertrivialandrapidlybecomesunmanageab
leasthenumberofparticipantsincreasesorwhensecurechannelsarentavailableforke
yexchangeorwhenasissensiblecryptographicpracticekeysarefrequentlychangedinp
articularifmessagesaremeanttobesecurefromotherusersaseparatekeyisrequiredfo
reachpossiblepairofusersasystemofthiskindisknownasasecretkeyorsymmetrickeyc
ryptosystemdhkeyexchangeandsucceedingimprovementsandvariantsmadeoperationof
thesesystemsmucheasierandmoresecurethanhadeverbeenpossiblebeforeincontrasta
symmetrickeyencryptionusesapairofmathematicallyrelatedkeyseachofwhichdecryp
tstheencryptionperformedusingtheothersomebutnotallofthesealgorithmshavethea
dditionalpropertythatoneofthepairedkeyscannotbededucedfromtheotherbyanyknow
nmethodotherthantrialanderroranalgorithmofthiskindisknownasapublickeyorasym
metrickeysystemusingsuchanalgorithmonlyonekeypairisneededperuserbydesignati
ngonekeyofthepairasprivatealwayssecretandtheotheraspublicoftenvisiblenosecu
rechannelisneededforkeyexchangesolongastheprivatekeystayssecretthepublickey
canbewidelyknownforaverylongtimewithoutcompromisingsecuritymakingitsafetore
usethesamekeypairindefinitelyfortwousersofanasymmetrickeyalgorithmtocommuni
catesecurelyoveraninsecurechanneleachuserwillneedtoknowtheirownpublicandpri
vatekeysaswellastheotheruserspublickeytakethisbasicscenarioaliceandbobeachh
aveapairofkeystheyvebeenusingforyearswithmanyotherusersatthestartoftheirmes
sagetheyexchangepublickeysunencryptedoveraninsecurelinealicethenencryptsame
ssageusingherprivatekeyandthenreencryptsthatresultusingbobspublickeythedoub
leencryptedmessageisthensentasdigitaldataoverawirefromalicetobobbobreceives
thebitstreamanddecryptsitusinghisownprivatekeyandthendecryptsthatbitstreamu
singalicespublickeyifthefinalresultisrecognizableasamessagebobcanbeconfiden
tthatthemessageactuallycamefromsomeonewhoknowsalicesprivatekeyandthatanyone
eavesdroppingonthechannelwillneedbothalicesandbobsprivatekeysinordertounder
standthemessageasymmetricalgorithmsrelyfortheireffectivenessonaclassofprobl
emsinmathematicscalledonewayfunctionswhichrequirerelativelylittlecomputatio
nalpowertoexecutebutvastamountsofpowertoreverseaclassicexampleofaonewayfunc
tionismultiplicationoflargeprimenumbersitsfairlyquicktomultiplytwolargeprim
esbutverydifficulttofactortheproductoftwolargeprimesbecauseofthemathematics
ofonewayfunctionsmostpossiblekeysarebadchoicesascryptographickeysonlyasmall
fractionofthepossiblekeysofagivenlengtharesuitableandsoasymmetricalgorithms
requireverylongkeystoreachthesamelevelofsecurityprovidedbyrelativelyshorter
symmetrickeystheneedtobothgeneratethekeypairsandperformtheencryptiondecrypt
ionoperationsmakeasymmetricalgorithmscomputationallyexpensivecomparedtomost
symmetricalgorithmssincesymmetricalgorithmscanoftenuseanysequenceofrandomor
atleastunpredictablebitsasakeyadisposablesessionkeycanbequicklygeneratedfor
shorttermuseconsequentlyitiscommonpracticetousealongasymmetrickeytoexchange
adisposablemuchshorterbutjustasstrongsymmetrickeytheslowerasymmetricalgorit
hmsecurelysendsasymmetricsessionkeyandthefastersymmetricalgorithmtakesoverf
ortheremainderofthemessageasymmetrickeycryptographydiffiehellmankeyexchange
andthebestknownofthepublickeyprivatekeyalgorithmsiewhatisusuallycalledthers
aalgorithmallseemtohavebeenindependentlydevelopedataukintelligenceagencybef
orethepublicannouncementbydiffieandhellmaningchqhasreleaseddocumentsclaimin
gthattheyhaddevelopedpublickeycryptographybeforethepublicationofdiffieandhe
llmanspapervariousclassifiedpaperswerewrittenatgchqduringthesandswhichevent
uallyledtoschemesessentiallyidenticaltorsaencryptionandtodiffiehellmankeyex
changeinandsomeofthesehavenowbeenpublishedandtheinventorsjameshelliscliffor
dcocksandmalcolmwilliamsonhavemadepublicsomeoftheirworkeditcryptographypoli
ticsthisinturnbrokethenearmonopolyonhighqualitycryptographyheldbygovernment
organizationsseeslevyscryptoforajournalisticaccountofsomeofthepolicycontrov
ersyintheusforthefirsttimeeverthoseoutsidegovernmentorganizationshadaccesst
ocryptographynotreadilybreakablebyanyoneincludinggovernmentsconsiderablecon
troversyandconflictbothpublicandprivatebeganmoreorlessimmediatelyithasnotye
tsubsidedinmanycountriesforexampleexportofcryptographyissubjecttorestrictio
nsuntilexportfromtheusofcryptographyusingkeyslongerthanbitswassharplylimite
dasrecentlyasformerfbidirectorlouisfreehtestifyingbeforethecommissioncalled
fornewlawsagainstpublicuseofencryptiononeofthemostimportantpeoplefavoringst
rongencryptionforpublicusewasphilzimmermannhewroteandtheninreleasedpgpprett
ygoodprivacyaveryhighqualitycryptosystemhedistributedafreewareversionofpgpw
henhefeltthreatenedbylegislationthenunderconsiderationbytheusgovernmentthat
wouldrequirebackdoorsbeincludedinallcryptographicsolutionsdevelopedwithinth
eushiseffortsinreleasingpgpworldwideearnedhimalongbattlewiththejusticedepar
tmentfortheallegedviolationofexportrestrictionsthejusticedepartmenteventual
lydroppeditscaseagainstzimmermannandthefreewaredistributionofpgpmadeitswaya
roundtheworldandeventuallybecameanopenstandardrfcoropenpgpeditmoderncryptan
alysismoderncryptanalystssometimesharnesslargenumbersofintegratedcircuitsth
isboardispartoftheeffdescrackerwhichcontainedovercustomchipsandcouldbrutefo
rceadeskeyinamatterofdayswhilemoderncipherslikeaesarewidelyconsideredunbrea
kablepoordesignsarestillsometimesadoptedandtherehavebeenimportantcryptanaly
ticbreaksofdeployedcryptosystemsinrecentyearsnotableexamplesofbrokencryptod
esignsincludedesthefirstwifiencryptionschemewepthecontentscramblingsystemus
edforencryptingandcontrollingdvduseandtheaandaciphersusedingsmcellphonesthu
sfarnotoneofthemathematicalideasunderlyingpublickeycryptographyhasbeenprove
ntobeunbreakableandsosomefutureadvancemightrendersystemsrelyingontheminsecu
rewhilefewinformedobserversforeseesuchabreakthroughthekeysizerecommendedfor
securitykeepsincreasingasincreasedcomputingpowerrequiredforbreakingcodesbec
omescheaperandmoreavailableeditseealsonsaencryptionsystemssteganographytime
lineofcryptographytopicsincryptographyworldwaricryptographyworldwariicrypto
graphyeditreferencessilvermankennethedgarapoemournfulandneverendingremembra
ncenewyorkharperperennialpdavidkahnthecodebreakersnewyorkmacmillanstevenlev
ycryptohowthecoderebelsbeatthegovernmentsavingprivacyinthedigitalagenewyork
vikingpressibrahimaalkaditheoriginsofcryptologythearabcontributionscryptolo
giaaprilppeditexternallinkshelgerlipmaascryptographypointerstimelineofciphe
rmachinescryptographyvdehistoryofcryptographycryptanalysiscryptographyporta
ltopicsincryptographysymmetrickeyalgorithmblockcipherstreamcipherpublickeyc
ryptographycryptographichashfunctionmessageauthenticationcoderandomnumbersr
etrievedfromhttpenwikipediaorgwikihistoryofcryptographycategoriesallarticle
swithunsourcedstatementsarticleswithunsourcedstatementssincefebruaryhistory
ofcryptographymilitarycommunicationstelecommunicationshistory
7. Cipher-7.txt INFO:
Key Length: 3
Key Set: 5-10-15
Cipher-7out.txt - The Decrypted Text
- pizzarecipespizzarecipesmakingpizzathincrackerypizzarecipesthincrispypizzar
ecipethisistheoriginalpizzamakingcomthincrackerycrustpizzarecipethegoalwast
oreplicatethethincrispystylesfoundatsomeofthenationalpizzachainsegpizzahutp
izzainnvillageinnetcratedverygooddevenspizzainnstylethincrispypizzarecipeth
isrecipewascreatedbydevenmerceracontributortothiswebsitehisrecipeisstyledaf
tertheoncepopularthincrispypizzafoundattheoriginalpizzainnrestaurantsbackin
theearlysthatsbeforepizzainnwentthroughbankruptcyreemergingwithanewlookandc
hangedrecipesratedexcellentnewyorkstyleneapolitanamericanpizzarecipesnewyor
kstylepizzarecipeaverybasicnewyorkstylepizzarecipewereworkingonamuchbetterv
ersionsocheckbackoftenratedgoodtomlehmannsnewyorkstylepizzarecipetomthedoug
hdoctorlehmanndirectorofbakeryassistancefortheamericaninstituteofbakinghasc
reatedthisrecipeinanefforttoduplicatethestreetpizzafoundatthestreetcornerpi
zzeriasofnewyorkcitywithitspuffychewyedgeandthintaperedmiddlethisstyleofpiz
zadroopsandmustbefoldedtoeatbyhandratedexcellentchicagostylepizzarecipesdev
enschicagostyledeepdishpizzarecipethisrecipewascreatedbydevenmerceracontrib
utortothiswebsitedevensrecipesuccessfullyreplicatesthechicagostyledeepdishp
izzathatputthewindycityonthepizzamapthisrecipeproducesathickbiscuitlikecrus
tthatistoppedwithmozzarellacheeseandcrushedtomatoesratedexcellentpizzeriaun
ostyledeepdishpizzarecipearecipebyjeffsmithauthorofthefrugalgourmetcooksame
ricanjeffsrecipeattemptstoduplicatethedeepdishpizzafoundattheworldfamouspiz
zeriaunoandpizzeriaduerestaurantlocatedindowntownchicagoratedgoodchicagosty
lestuffedpizzarecipethisrecipeproducesagenericchicagostylestuffedpizzarated
verygoodpapadelsstyledeepdishpizzarecipethisrecipewascreatedbypizzaaficiona
dopetebrookshisrecipeattemptstocreateapiethatssimilartothedeepdishpizzafoun
datthelocallyfamouspapadelspizzeriainchampaignurbanaillinoispapadelscrustis
differentfromtheusualchicagofareinthatitsgenerallythickermoredenseandmorebr
eadlikeratedverygoodpanstylepizzarecipespizzahutstylepanpizzarecipethisreci
pewascreatedbyafellowmemberofthiswebsitetherecipeattemptstoduplicatethenowp
opularpanpizzafoundatmanypizzeriasaroundthecountryincludingpizzahutapanpizz
aisapiethatsliterallyfriedinitscookingpanbytheliberaluseofvegetableoilpoure
dinratedverygood