kindly Presentation prepared for ECE1006 Health in Early Childhood
by
David Lester
USQ Early Childhood Presentation * Manual Handling Issues * Computers & Studying
Physical Health Physical Safety Long Term Survival
Goals of Presentation
Knowledge Skills Attitudes Decisions
( Biomechanics & Injuries ) ( `Neutral Spine' & Stabilizers ) ( `Sports' model at work ) ( Behaviour Based Safety)
Workers as Athletes
`Sports' Model
Principles understood & accepted In the `sporting' context we usually behave according to the model In the `working' context we usually behave differently .....why ?
Workers as Athletes
Fit for the Job Skills for the Task Play to your Strengths Teamwork Warm Up Keep your Focus Problem Solve Warm Down Adequate Recovery
Fitness for Work
Warm Up
2 3 min Mild Exercise Gentle stretching
Warm Down
Gentle stretching
Adequate Flexibility
Endurance
Manual Handling ....
Using Your Body to Exert a Force on an Object
Pushing Pulling Lifting
Carrying Wheeling Using Tools
Risk Factors in Manual Handling
Weight of the object Shape of the object Objects height off the ground Objects distance away from you How often you need to do the task Compromising situations Lifting in a team
Pushing & Pulling
Waist level ideal Stronger than left or right across body Greater forces available when standing Mechanical aids where possible Replace lifting by pushing and pulling
Our Bodies as Machines
Our Body / Machine Needs .... Regular Maintenance Correct Fuel Regular Use To be Kept Within it's Limits Used in the way it was designed to be used
Back Injuries
Cumulative Stress V's Traumatic Event Most Common V's Most Serious
Muscle / Ligament Strain Facet Joint aggravation Disc disruption / bulging / prolapsing Nerve irritation Spinal cord or nerve impingement
Biomechanics
Key Design Features of Our Bodies Implications for Use of Our Bodies 3 forms of Stress:
Load Sustained Repetitive
The `Neutral' Position of the Skeleton Away from Neutral: Less Load Less Time Less Repetitions
Remember This...
3 Curves Minimal Twisting Position where: Most Efficient Least Stress Easiest Movement
Bones & Joints
Bones Long transmit forces
Short absorb forces Joints Ball & Socket multi axial Hinge uni axial Butt control movement
Joints and Bones
`Facet' joints control movement of vertebrae Ball & Socket Joints for movement Limbs as Levers Trunk as a Lever needs to be Stabilized
Muscles
2 General Types
Movers
Long / Fast / Powerful / Bursts
Stabilizers
Broad / Slow / Weak / Sustained
Muscles of the Trunk
When the Pressure is On...
Pressure in the Abdominal Cavity
Diaphragm Spinal Structures Abdominal Muscles Pelvic Floor
Your Built-In Back Support
Deep Transverse Postural Muscle Pelvic Floor Link Don't Strain... Stabilize !!!
Lifting Styles
The Bad
The Ugly
The Good
Shoulders & Neck
Head back over the base of the neck Shoulder in blades `neutral'
Down & together gently Avoid `reaching' with the shoulders
Feeling of `growing tall' Release the `pecs' - stretching
Bending, Lifting, Moving...
Keep the Curves of the Spine The lower back a shallow inward curve `Lordosis' Avoid Twisting within the Trunk Keep the Head lined up with the Spine Shoulders in `Neutral' (down & in) Stabilize with the Pelvic & Deep Abdominal Muscles Bend at the Joints designed for it Hips, Knees & Ankles
Remember !!
Keep the 3 curves Abdominal stabilizing Bend at the Hip, NOT the Back Chest and Pelvis Aligned Move Your Feet The Best Posture is the Next One
Computer Risk Factors
Static postures
Build up of `structural' stress Decrease in movement of fluids Build up of `waste products' Sudden movements after being stationary Structural changes over time
Postural Risk Factors
Poked Neck Forearms turned in Arms lifted out Shoulders raised Wrists turned out
Body Mechanics
Keep the 3 curves
Maintain `lordosis' Head over base of neck
Shoulders relaxed
Shoulder blades gently `down & together'
Elbows in and open Wrists in `position of function'
Work Habits
Reduce Static Loading
Improve postural `habits' Optimize `passive' ergonomics of workstation
Stimulate Fluid Flow in Stressed Tissues
Mini Breaks - regular 2-3min 1/2 hourly Frequent but Gentle Stretching
The Best Posture is the NEXT ONE !!
Remember !!
Keep the 3 curves Bend at the Hip, NOT the Back Abdominal stabilizing Chest and Pelvis Aligned Move Your Feet The Best Posture is the Next One
Computer Workstation
Chairs height of seat base 380mm-540mm, tilted down slightly five-arm base for balance adjustable back rest, both angle and height lumbar support at base of spine feet flat on floor ...