8 Lecture TEA2108
Range of Services Macrosystem/Chronosystem Issues
Review Week 7
Evaluation of a child care services at a microsystem level Evaluation of educators own professional work (written and practical) Personal professional reflection as a basis for continuous self improvement Broader analysis of contexts/environments
Care and Education Settings
Bronfenbrenner (1989) Ecological Systems Theory Macrosystem -ideologies, values, customs Exosystem - supports, indirect context Mesosystem - connections, interactions Chronosystem - changes across time,history Microsystem - immediate context
Microsystem
Services and Settings early childhood services home settings school settings community settings care services -long day centre -family day care -limited hours education services -preschool/kinder -junior primary -specialised other services -integrated -out of hours - extended service
Work Related Purposes
Long day &limited hours care - centre setting Work based full day care Community run day care centre Privately owned day care centre Home based settings Family day care scheme in private homes Nanny home care (child's own home)
Non-Work Related Purposes
Schooling/education-related settings State preschool Junior primary class or early childhood class Community operated education settings Community preschool and/or kindergarten Specialised purpose settings Mobile, hospital,distance,special needs,culture
Other Purposes Services and Settings
Limited Hours Occasional or limited hours centre Limited/occasional use of long day centre Out of Hours Before & after school,vacation,ill child care Extended Services (e.g. toy library) Combined (e.g. adjunct, neighbourhood)
Blurring of the Boundaries Combined Services
Care centre with preschool sessions School with before & after school care Preschool with kindergym & computer class Kindergarten with toy library & playgroup Multifunctional centre Integrated Services -connected services e.g. bus from preschool to recreation program
Discuss
Which of these services do you know? What differences between these services in terms of their purpose and program style? What might be the value of combined services from a family perspective? What might be the concerns about a child using multiple services? How to assist?
Relationships between Early Childhood Services
Integration of services Combined meetings for e.c. professional development Advocacy programs together ( e.g. Under Eights Week) Shared literature Respect for variety of roles in early childhood
Relationship of Early Childhood and School Services and Settings
Information sharing if on same campus (e.g. preschool-school, junior primary-middle school, school-care) Transport organised between various services Communication process between separate services Respect for different roles Combined meetings
Why These Services, Settings and Professional Relationships?
?History of education and care services ? Government policy and funding ?Family demand ?Educator pressure ?Community demand trends
Macrosystem ?Overseas /Chronosystem
Ideological Motherhood Childhood Familism Education Historical Foundling care Nursing care Philanthropy Educare Educational Froebel Montessori Dewey Reggio Emilia
Social Maternal employment Family structure Geographic mobility
Political Childcare policies Funding structures Effects of wars
Economic Employment levels Effects of recession Economic rationalism
Macrosystem - Values and Attitudes (the "shoulds")
Ideologies of family, childhood, motherhood Mothers in paid employment with availability of care services or women's home roles Parenting as shared responsibility or maternal only Early childhood services as private (family) or public (government) responsibility Early childhood services purposes as care or education or both
Chronosystem - the Historical Context
Consider how and why a service has evolved the way it has How the history of a service influences what is in the here and now If a services has not changed, whether this is a barrier to continued viability or not In which communities history is more important than others
Service and Program Histories
SOCIOPOLITICAL AND ECONOMIC INFLUENCES Changes in government policies and emphasis Parent employment Funding of services Major events e.g. war, economic recession Family change EDUCATIONAL INFLUENCES Major theories e.g. Vygotsky, Gardener Philosophical change e.g. constructivism Inspirational programs e.g. Reggio Emilia Pressure from schools Research evidence
Social Influences
Maternal employment Shared parenting Family structure changes (e.g. divorce) Smaller families Geographic mobility of families (supports) Attitudes to care
Political Influences
Women working in industry during wars -> change in expectations Social justice/civil rights pressures for access and equ...