Course Hero - We put you ahead of the curve!
You have requested the below document.
Sign up now to view this document for free!
- Title: The professionalization of state legislatures
- Type: Notes
- School: Texas A&M
- Course: POLS 207
- Term: Fall
Coursehero >> Texas >> Texas A&M >> POLS 207
Path: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Path: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Path: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Path: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Path: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Path: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Path: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Path: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Path: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Path: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Path: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Path: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Path: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Path: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Path: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Path: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Path: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Path: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Path: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Path: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Path: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Path: Texas A&M >> POLS >> 206 Fall, 2007
Path: Texas A&M >> POLS >> 206 Fall, 2007
Path: Texas A&M >> POLS >> 206 Fall, 2007
Path: Texas A&M >> POLS >> 206 Fall, 2007
Path: Texas A&M >> POLS >> 206 Fall, 2007
Path: Colorado >> ENVS >> 1000 Spring, 2008
Path: Colorado >> PHIL >> 1000 Spring, 2008
Path: Colorado >> PHIL >> 1000 Spring, 2008
Path: Colorado >> PHIL >> 1000 Spring, 2008
Path: Colorado >> PHIL >> 1000 Spring, 2008
Path: Texas A&M >> ENGL >> 104 Spring, 2006
Path: Texas A&M >> ENGL >> 104 Spring, 2006
Path: Texas A&M >> MEEN >> 227 Spring, 2006
Path: Texas A&M >> GEOL >> 404 Spring, 2007
Path: Texas A&M >> ENGL >> 104 Spring, 2006
Path: University of Iowa >> ECON >> 06E:001:AA Spring, 2008
Path: University of Iowa >> ECON >> 06E:001:AA Spring, 2008
Path: University of Iowa >> ECON >> 06E:001:AA Spring, 2008
Path: University of Iowa >> ECON >> 06E:001:AA Spring, 2008
Path: University of Iowa >> ECON >> 06E:001:AA Spring, 2008
Path: University of Iowa >> ECON >> 06E:001:AA Spring, 2008
Path: University of Iowa >> ECON >> 06E:001:AA Spring, 2008
Path: University of Iowa >> ECON >> 06E:001:AA Spring, 2008
Path: University of Iowa >> ECON >> 06E:001:AA Spring, 2008
Path: University of Iowa >> ECON >> 06E:001:AA Spring, 2008
Path: Iowa State >> MCC - FINA >> MCC MO1 Spring, 2008
Path: Iowa State >> BIOL >> 212 Spring, 2008
Path: Iowa State >> BIOL >> 212 Spring, 2008
Path: Iowa State >> BIOL >> 212 Spring, 2008
Path: Iowa State >> BIOL >> 212 Spring, 2008
Path: Iowa State >> BIOL >> 212 Spring, 2008
Path: Iowa State >> BIOL >> 212 Spring, 2008
Path: Iowa State >> BIOL >> 212 Spring, 2008
Path: Iowa State >> BIOL >> 212 Spring, 2008
Path: Iowa State >> BIOL >> 212 Spring, 2008
Path: Iowa State >> BIOL >> 212 Spring, 2008
Path: Iowa State >> BIOL >> 212 Spring, 2008
Path: Iowa State >> BIOL >> 212 Spring, 2008
Path: Iowa State >> BIOL >> 212 Spring, 2008
Path: Iowa State >> BIOL >> 212 Spring, 2008
Path: Iowa State >> BIOL >> 212 Spring, 2008
Path: Iowa State >> BIOL >> 212 Spring, 2008
Path: Iowa State >> BIOL >> 212 Spring, 2008
Path: Virginia Tech >> SOC >> 1004 Spring, 2008
Path: Virginia Tech >> SOC >> 1004 Spring, 2008
Path: Virginia Tech >> SOC >> 1004 Spring, 2008
Path: Virginia Tech >> ENGL >> 1106 Fall, 2007
Path: Virginia Tech >> ENGL >> 1106 Fall, 2007
Course Hero has millions of student submitted documents similar to the one below including study guides, homework solutions, papers, and exam answer keys.
professionalization The of state legislatures Full v. part-time legislatures Professionals v. amateurs What do legislatures do? Provide representation o Substantive vs. descriptive Descriptive what the legislatures look like as a whole. We would expect half to be female. Descriptive is do they look like me? Substantive do they think like me? Do they represent the ideas? Conservative policies. Those who favor economical policy. Constituent service o Case work more specific to a certain purpose, whereas constituent service benefits a region or group. Oversight o Ensure governor and executive function properly o Are beurocrats going to do what the laws make them do? Pass laws and create policy Where does legislation come from? How does a bill become a law? Bill is introduced Any member of a chamber may introduce a bill. 60 day rule in Texas unrestricted on how you introduce a bill within the first 60 days. After the first 60 days, everyone needs 80% of the legislature alongside to introduce the bill. Where do ideas for bills come from? Citizens Legislators Special interests State agencies Governor bill ideas can come from the governor but he cannot introduce them. Bill is sent to a committee Committees Committees are created to consider bills to and advise on their disposition Possible actions o o o o Kill bill Recommend amendments Substitute new bill Pass bill "as-is" Committees in texas leg Texas o House 40 standing committees o Senate 16 standing committees How appointed? o House o Senate Representatives on at least 1, usually 2-3 committees senators usually on 3-4 Bill is killed (or) Bill is sent to the floor Floor debate Calendar committee schedules bills for debate Local and non-controversial speed through Can be amended After the debate is closed, the third reading and then vote APPROVED 2ND CHAMBER (or) No approved Passing the first chamber Bill must go through the same process in the second chamber If final version not identical it goes to the conference committee Conference committee report must be approved by both chambers Governor o Three options Sign it Veto it Allow it to become law without signature Vetoed (or) Bill becomes law 6 secrets of the texas legislative process 1. Not all bills are intended to pass 2. Bills are not independent of each other 3. Bills do not receive equal consideration 4. Floor discussion not used to decide how to vote 5. Members do not know details of all bills 6. There is an end-of-session logjam but not a logjam problem
Find millions of documents here - Study Guides, Homework Solutions, Papers, Exam Answer Keys and more.
Course Hero has millions of course related materials that will enable you to learn better, faster and get an A in all your courses.
Below is a small sample set of documents:
Chapter 3 Notes
Path: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Description: Chapter 3 Notes Learning is my job. My notes are a study source and overall a review of what I am learning. The first three rows are the most sufficient for learning. Sleep well and study appropriately. Cornell Notes: devised into three sections, th...
Chapter 4 NotesPath: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Description: Caen 101-101 May 29th, 2007 Chapter 4 Notes Human Learning: a difference occurs within the learner. Epistemology: \"The philosophical term for the theory of knowledge. It attempts to understand how knowing occurs and to discover its ground, its limit...
Chapter 6 NotesPath: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Description: CAEN June 12, 2007 Chapter 6 Notes We examine ourselves through three lenses of analysis, the individual, the group(culture) and the universal. Developmentalism: the story if how we are alike as all humans (universal) and how we are like some humans...
Exam 1 study guidePath: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Description: Needed for Exam: Scantron (882-E) #2 Pencil Bring books, notes and handouts Test Format: Multiple Choice, T/F, Matching and short answer CHAPTER 1: Introduction: \"What a joy it is to be human!\" elaborates on humans conquering the physical world. We c...
Chapter 11 NotesPath: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Description: Caen 101-101 May 29, 2007 Chapter 11 Notes Academic Transformation The Road To College Success You have learned something when you have demonstrated competent performance. Academic Performance: the demonstration of our understanding and use of new in...
exam 2 reviewPath: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Description: Exam 2: Review Needed for exam: Scantron (882-E) & #2 Pencil Brings book, notes, handouts Test format: multiple choice, T/F, matching, short answer Chapter 2 Motivation Model of Academic Motivation Strategy for Increasing Motivation Quality World Cha...
exam 3 directionsPath: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Description: Exam 3 directions There are 5 essay questions. Please copy the question and then type your response below the question. You may not collaborate or discuss the exam or your responses to the questions with anyone else. The exam is due Friday, June 29,...
Exam 3 Final AnswersPath: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Description: Part II 1. List the six characteristics of self-directed learners. Which two could you apply to your everyday learning and study behaviors to become a more independent learner? Explain. There are six characteristics to being a self-directed learner....
exam 3 summer 2007Path: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Description: Exam 3 You will answer four questions. From Part I you will answer all 3 questions and from Part II, you will pick one. Your answers are to be typed. Please copy the questions and then type your answer beneath the question. Each question is worth 25 ...
Time EssayPath: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Description: Zach Pruski CAEN 101-101 Kathleen Speed 6/11/07 In completing my time chart, I realized how tired I am first off and secondly how I study twice as much time as I am in class. In my schedule, Monday through Thursday are fairly monotonous. It is a wel...
Reflection 97Path: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Description: Zach Pruski Reflections Assignment 6/25/07 2. By far, the most difficult part about reading a text book is concentration. This goes with \"Passivity is the greatest enemy\". I am a very energetic person; I am the type of person who can work a 9-5 jo...
Exam 3 Final Answers Turn inPath: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Description: Part II 1. List the six characteristics of self-directed learners. Which two could you apply to your everyday learning and study behaviors to become a more independent learner? Explain. There are six characteristics to being a self-directed learner....
Time EssayPath: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Description: Zach Pruski CAEN 101-101 Kathleen Speed 6/11/07 In completing my time chart, I realized how tired I am first off and secondly how I study twice as much time as I am in class. In my schedule, Monday through Thursday are fairly monotonous. It is a wel...
My Time BookPath: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Description: Monday 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 10:00 AM Sleep Sleep Dress Study CAEN Tuesday Sleep Dress Study MUSC Wednesday Thursday Sleep Dress Study CAEN Friday Sleep Saturday Sleep Sunday Sleep Sleep Dress Study MUSC CAEN 101 Study CAEN Study St...
Study Skills ProjetPath: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Description: Study Skills Assignment Description of Elements Think about your upcoming exams. Use the following strategies to help you prepare. Try to identify information that fits best with the strategies listed below. Each part of this project can be used for ...
reflections assignments summer 2007Path: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Description: Reflection Assignments Description of Elements You are to write four, to page, (single spaced, Arial font, 12 pt font, 1 inch margins) reflection pieces. Upon completion, this will be a 4 page document. Please number the pages. At the top of each p...
Study Skills Paper 2Path: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Description: Zach Pruski Study Skills Project, CAEN 6/13/07 Part 1 1. Kids Barely Make Bad Choices Korsakov, Balakirev, Mussorgsky, Borodin, Cui: The Russian Five. 2. Children Must Study Seriously Chopin, Mendelssohn, Schumann, Schubert: Romantic Composers. 3...
time management project directions summer 2007Path: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Description: TIME MANAGEMENT PROJECT Description of Elements 1. Open up the excel document and save it to your hard drive. There are three pages in this workbook: blank cal, sample, and pie chart. You should see these at the bottom of the page. 2. Using the blank...
Study Skills PaperPath: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Description: Zach Pruski Study Skills Project, CAEN 6/13/07 Part 1 1. Kids Barely Make Bad Choices Korsakov, Balakirev, Mussorgsky, Borodin, Cui: The Russian Five. 2. Children Must Study Seriously Chopin, Mendelssohn, Schumann, Schubert: Romantic Composers. 3...
ReflectionPath: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Description: Zach Pruski Reflections Assignment 6/25/07 Zach Pruski Reflections Assignment 6/25/07 1. Two self practices that seem most important to me and most important to succeed are \"To practice self-acceptance\" and \"To practice self-assertiveness\". In ...
time essay 93Path: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Description: Zach Pruski CAEN 101-101 Kathleen Speed 6/11/07 In completing my time chart, I realized how tired I am first off and secondly how I study twice as much time as I am in class. In my schedule, Monday through Thursday are fairly monotonous. It is a wel...
time management project calendar and pie chart 2007Path: Texas A&M >> CAEN >> 101 Summer, 2007
Description: Monday 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 10:00 AM Sleep Sleep Dress Study CAEN Tuesday Sleep Dress Study MUSC Wednesday Thursday Sleep Dress Study CAEN Friday Sleep Saturday Sleep Sunday Sleep Sleep Dress Study MUSC CAEN 101 Study CAEN Study St...
6Path: Texas A&M >> POLS >> 206 Fall, 2007
Description: Liberalism and Paine I. Liberalism vs. the Classical Theory II. The American Revolution. III. Common Sense IV. Paine\'s Model of Government - The Pamphlet War I. The best way to put Liberalism into perspective is to compare it to Classical Theory. T...
18Path: Texas A&M >> POLS >> 206 Fall, 2007
Description: 9.18.07 Federalist Papers and Federalism *V. AND VI. FOUND IN PREVIOUS NOTES.* V. Federalists and Antifederalists VI. Federalist Paper I. Dual Federalism (1790\'s-1937) II. Decisions of the Supreme Court III. Evolution of Federalism IV. Cooperative F...
1Path: Texas A&M >> POLS >> 206 Fall, 2007
Description: Congress I. Representation in Theory II. Comparative Perspective III. How Representative is congress? I. Representation in Theory Madison o Fed 51- Congress primary way we get what we want is through Congress Legislative supposed to be most represent...
20Path: Texas A&M >> POLS >> 206 Fall, 2007
Description: Federalism and Civil Liberties I. Cooperative Federalism (after 1937) II. Modern Variations of Federalism III. The Bill of Rights IV. Liberties vs. Rights V. Nationalization of the BoR I. Federalism starts to change in the 1930\'s after the Great Dep...
6Path: Texas A&M >> POLS >> 206 Fall, 2007
Description: Congress II I. Leadership Structure II. Committees III. How a Bill Becomes a Law I. Its pretty vague how the Constitution structures leadership. It states there is a speaker and other officers. It also states that the Vice President presides over th...
The Devil Came on HorsebackPath: Colorado >> ENVS >> 1000 Spring, 2008
Description: Lucas Montgomery February 3, 2008 ENVS 1000 \"The Devil Came on Horseback\" Review Last Thursday, I attended the film, \"The Devil Came on Horseback\", a documentary by Brian Steidle on the genocide in Darfur. Steidle, an ex-marine for the United States ...
Phil Journal 2Path: Colorado >> PHIL >> 1000 Spring, 2008
Description: Lucas Montgomery February 7, 2008 Philosophy 1000 Journal #2 A Pair of Fuzzy Dice Good and Evil. In class we discussed several different aspects of each, including origin and purpose, but what if it is nothing more than odds. We know, with absolute ...
Phil Journal 1Path: Colorado >> PHIL >> 1000 Spring, 2008
Description: Lucas Montgomery January 24, 2008 PHIL 1000 Journal #1 Playing with Fire, Sheep, and Wolves According to Bertrand Russell, \"Philosophy is to be studied, not for the sake of any definite answers to its questions, since no definite answers can, as a r...
Phil Journal 3Path: Colorado >> PHIL >> 1000 Spring, 2008
Description: Lucas Montgomery February 22, 2008 Philosophy 1000 Journal #3 Where Are We Going? Although this is slightly abstract, I have been thinking about it consistently for the past couple days. Lets accept that there is no God, which would indicate that th...
Phil Journal 4Path: Colorado >> PHIL >> 1000 Spring, 2008
Description: Lucas Montgomery March 7, 2008 Philosophy 1000 Journal #4 I think, therefore I think Rene Descartes meditation about the nature of truth bothers me in several respects. As he mentioned in the meditations, the so-called truths we believe and accept ar...
English Rhetoric Paper - #2.Path: Texas A&M >> ENGL >> 104 Spring, 2006
Description: Shawn Dawsey Professor Hyun English 104 20 March 2006 Decomposing Rhetoric: Coercing Views on Marijuana Although not always noticed, the use of persuasion in society is constant and foregoing, while most notably used in the form of rhetoric. Rhetor...
Drug Prohibition - #3Path: Texas A&M >> ENGL >> 104 Spring, 2006
Description: Dawsey 1 Shawn Dawsey Professor Hyun English 104 10 April 2006 Fallacies Concerning Drug Prohibition Beginning in December 17, 1914 with the enactment of the Harrison Narcotics Tax Act, America took its first step into the longest and most difficult...
Equation SheetPath: Texas A&M >> MEEN >> 227 Spring, 2006
Description: The Ideal Otto Cycle The Ideal Diesel Cycle vr 2 v r1 v2 v1 1 r ; P2 v 2 T2 P v1 1 T1 ; q in u3 u2 ; P3 v 3 T3 P2 v 2 T2 V2 V1 r ; V3 rc * V2 ; V 4 V ; 1 T1 k 1 T2 V 1 V 2 k 1 ; P2 P 1 V 1 V 2 k vr 4 vr3 MEP v4 v3 r ; q...
geol_404_presentationPath: Texas A&M >> GEOL >> 404 Spring, 2007
Description: THE Prudhoe Bay Oil Field By Shawn Dawsey Alex Montgomery Andy Fendley Prasant Sainani Geology 404 504 November 27 2007 http:/www.vecopolar.com/Files/images/bearonipeline1.jpg Image taken from: Knickerbocker, B., 2006, Leak is the Latest o...
New Legalize MaryJ!Path: Texas A&M >> ENGL >> 104 Spring, 2006
Description: Why America Should Legalize Behold, I have given you every herb bearing seed, which is upon the face of all the earth.to you it will be for meat. And God saw everything that he had made, and, behold...
Chapter01_HPath: University of Iowa >> ECON >> 06E:001:AA Spring, 2008
Description: 6E:001 Principles of Economics Spring, 2008 Chapter 1 What is Economics Outline What we Study Nine Principles of economics Four involving individual choices Five involving interactions of people Examples of economic issues How we Study it Abstra...
Chapter02_HPath: University of Iowa >> ECON >> 06E:001:AA Spring, 2008
Description: 6E:001 Principles of Economics Spring, 2008 Chapter 2 The Economy: Myth and Reality 1 Outline The American Economy: A Thumbnail Sketch The Inputs: Labor and Capital The Outputs: What Does America Produce? The Central Role of Business Firms What\'s...
Chapter03_HPath: University of Iowa >> ECON >> 06E:001:AA Spring, 2008
Description: 6E:001 Principles of Economics Spring, 2008 Chapter 3 The Economic Problem Preview Concepts to be revisited Scarcity and choice Opportunity cost Efficiency Specialization and Comparative Advantage First look at markets What to produce How to prod...
Chapter05_HPath: University of Iowa >> ECON >> 06E:001:AA Spring, 2008
Description: 6E:001 Principles of Economics Spring, 2008 Chapter 5 Consumer Choice Some things to look for Two related but distinct questions: How do consumers make choices? How should we model that decision process? It\'s the total that matters, but getting t...
Chapter06_HPath: University of Iowa >> ECON >> 06E:001:AA Spring, 2008
Description: 6E:001 Principles of Economics Spring, 2008 Chapter 6 - Demand Elasticity What\'s ahead Some examples Definition of elasticity Elasticity vs shape of demand curve Elasticity and Revenue Determinants of elasticity Other Elasticities Income - Cross Pr...
Chapter07_HPath: University of Iowa >> ECON >> 06E:001:AA Spring, 2008
Description: 6E:001 Principles of Economics Spring, 2008 Chapter 7 Production and Costs What\'s ahead Short VS Long Run Production Measuring Output - Marginality Optimal Short Run Decisions Optimal Long Run Decisions Costs Measuring Costs Economies of Scale C...
Chapter08_HPath: University of Iowa >> ECON >> 06E:001:AA Spring, 2008
Description: 6E:001 Principles of Economics Spring, 2008 Chapter 8 Output and Price Decisions What\'s ahead Revenue Total, Average and Marginal Revenue Profit Maximization Profit = Revenue - Cost Profit Maximization: MR = MC Ch.08 2 From Demand to Revenue Re...
Chapter10_H3Path: University of Iowa >> ECON >> 06E:001:AA Spring, 2008
Description: 6E:001 Principles of Economics Spring 2008 Chapter 10 Perfect Competition What\'s Ahead From Chapter 8 - A profit maximizing firm chooses output such that MC = MR Now a closer look at the environment in which a firm operates: The impact of the envir...
Chapter10_H6Path: University of Iowa >> ECON >> 06E:001:AA Spring, 2008
Description: 6E:001 Principles of Economics Spring 2008 Chapter 10 Perfect Competition What\'s Ahead From Chapter 8 - A profit maximizing firm chooses output such that MC = MR Now a closer look at the environment in which a firm operates: The impact of the envir...
Chapter04_HPath: University of Iowa >> ECON >> 06E:001:AA Spring, 2008
Description: 6E:001 Principles of Economics Spring, 2008 Chapter 4 Demand and Supply Contents The Invisible Hand Demand and Quantity Demanded Supply and Quantity Supplied Supply and Demand Equilibrium Effects of Demand Shifts on SupplyDemand Equilibrium Ch. 4 ...
Spring 2008 Final Exam SchedulePath: Iowa State >> MCC - FINA >> MCC MO1 Spring, 2008
Description: MARSHALLTOWN COMMUNITY COLLEGE SPRING 2008 FINAL EXAM SCHEDULE Your last scheduled class day this semester is May 2nd Room assignments evening classes see below Your final exam day Monday May 5th If your Write in class name of mee...
Eukaryote Genome OrganizationPath: Iowa State >> BIOL >> 212 Spring, 2008
Description: Eukaryote Genome Organization Genome size is significantly larger than prokaryotes larger number of genes 32,000 (human) vs 4300 (E. coli) large amount of noncoding DNA 3200 Mbp (human) vs 4.6 (E. coli) DNA binding to proteins to form chromati...
Eukaryote Genome RegulationPath: Iowa State >> BIOL >> 212 Spring, 2008
Description: Eukaryote Genome Regulation Gene expression can be regulated at any stage, but the key step is transcription All organisms Must regulate which genes are expressed at any given time During development of a multicellular organism Its cells underg...
PhotosynthesisPath: Iowa State >> BIOL >> 212 Spring, 2008
Description: PHOTOSYNTHESIS Plant process that converts solar energy into chemical energy photon energy is used to make organic molecules from H2O and CO2 plants are photoautotrophs: utilize light to reduce CO2 to sugars animals are heterotrophs: dependent o...
Plant NutritionPath: Iowa State >> BIOL >> 212 Spring, 2008
Description: Video for Xylem Flow: 36_13XylemTranspiration_A.swf 36_12XylemTransport_A.swf Video for Phloem Flow: 36_19PhloemTranslocSummer_A.swf 36_19PhloemTranslocSpring_A.swf Plant Nutrition Plants require certain chemical elements to complete their life cy...
Plant ReproductionPath: Iowa State >> BIOL >> 212 Spring, 2008
Description: Plant Reproduction Focus on angiosperm plants >250,000 species or 90% of all plants produce flowers and fruits life cycle alternates between diploid haploid Sporophyte: diploid plant Gametophyte: haploid gametes Life Cycle of Angiosperm Me...
Plant Structure and GrowthPath: Iowa State >> BIOL >> 212 Spring, 2008
Description: Plant Structure & Growth The plant body has a hierarchy of organs, tissues, and cells Plants, like multicellular animals have organs composed of different tissues which are in turn composed of cells Basic Morphology of Vascular Plants Reflects ...
Plant TransportPath: Iowa State >> BIOL >> 212 Spring, 2008
Description: PLANT TRANSPORT Evolutionary journey for vascular plants onto land involved development of nutrient transport throughout a plant, which may occur over long distances Transport in vascular plants occurs on three levels 1. Transport of water and solu...
Calvin CyclePath: Iowa State >> BIOL >> 212 Spring, 2008
Description: CALVIN CYCLE or CARBON FIXATION Calvin cycle uses ATP and NADPH to convert CO2 to sugar Occurs in the stroma Three Phases Calvin cycle has three phases Carbon fixation Reduction (2ATP + 2NADPH) Regeneration of the CO2 acceptor (ATP) consumption...
Cell CommunicationPath: Iowa State >> BIOL >> 212 Spring, 2008
Description: CELL COMMUNICATION ALL organisms need to monitor their environment All multicellular organisms need cell-cell communication Cellular receptors evolved Signal transduction pathways Cellular effectors for response 11_05CellSignaling_A.swf Three ...
Cellular RespirationPath: Iowa State >> BIOL >> 212 Spring, 2008
Description: Cellular Respiration Catabolic Process: converting food to ATP and NADH energy via oxidation Occurs in mitochondria with O2 consumption and CO2 + H2O production Different food sources converge into Glucose Metabolism THREE STAGES GLYCOLYSIS cytopla...
DNA StructurePath: Iowa State >> BIOL >> 212 Spring, 2008
Description: DNA Structure DNA, the substance of inheritance Hereditary information Is encoded in the chemical language of DNA and reproduced in all organisms It is the DNA program That directs the development of many different types of traits DNA: Polymer o...
Gene to ProteinPath: Iowa State >> BIOL >> 212 Spring, 2008
Description: Gene to Protein Gene expression: Process by which DNA directs protein synthesis TWO Stages Transcription: RNA synthesis on a DNA template Translation: Polypeptide synthesis using the genetic information encoded on mRNA Gene: Domain of DNA coding fo...
TranslationPath: Iowa State >> BIOL >> 212 Spring, 2008
Description: TRANSLATION RNA-directed polypeptide synthesis A cell translates a mRNA message into polypeptide with two additional types of RNA transfer RNA (tRNA) ribosomal RNA (rRNA) assembled in complex with polypeptides to form ribosomes Overview of Transla...
Living CellPath: Iowa State >> BIOL >> 212 Spring, 2008
Description: Living Cell Is a miniature factory where thousands of reactions are occurring Metabolism: Totality of chemical reactions Catabolism or breakdown reactions complex biomolecules simple molecules (energy release) Anabolism or synthesis reactions simp...
Enzyme MetabolismPath: Iowa State >> BIOL >> 212 Spring, 2008
Description: ENZYME METABOLISM 2nd Law: When G < 0, Reaction is Spontaneous BUT for reaction to occur, a catalyst is needed A catalyst is a chemical agent that speeds up a reaction without being consumed by the reaction (remains unchanged by the reaction) An Enz...
Environmental Regulations of PlantsPath: Iowa State >> BIOL >> 212 Spring, 2008
Description: Environmental Regulation of Plants Plants are responsive to environment Many hormone transduction pathways link environment to plant response Light Gravity Pathogen ETIOLATION Plants have cellular receptors to detect important changes in enviro...
Hormonal Regulation of PlantsPath: Iowa State >> BIOL >> 212 Spring, 2008
Description: Hormonal Regulation of Plants Plants respond to environment by adjusting growth and development Coordination of response requires hormone production 2nd messenger pathways animals and plants response to environment stimulus by hormone productio...
1 17 08Path: Virginia Tech >> SOC >> 1004 Spring, 2008
Description: Sociology -The systematic and objective study of human social interaction -It\'s a science; it studies the observable in a systematic/unbiased manner -What it studies (human interaction) are patterned/repeated (rates) -Don\'t dwell on exceptions to the...
3 11 08Path: Virginia Tech >> SOC >> 1004 Spring, 2008
Description: Social Stratification A ranking of people based on some set of social desirables (wealth, prestige, and power) Exists in every group of people who interact over an extended period of time It will always be present in all societies (e.g. communes, hor...
2 12 08Path: Virginia Tech >> SOC >> 1004 Spring, 2008
Description: Exam 2 Lecture questions Ch. 4: 7 questions Ch. 5: 7 questions Pgs 308-312: 3 questions Small Groups & Formal Organizations 1. Size (Georg Simmel, 1880s) Dyads (2) group interaction terminates if one member leaves o Both groups consciously try not t...
Journal Music as a Safe HavenPath: Virginia Tech >> ENGL >> 1106 Fall, 2007
Description: I was born into loving, nurturing environment. My mother spent years coddling me, holding me, and spoiling me. I was used to waking up every day knowing that I could hear the soothing, attentive voice of my mother to calm my every worry and do just t...
Examining LyricsPath: Virginia Tech >> ENGL >> 1106 Fall, 2007
Description: \"The Times They Are A-Changin\'\" by Bob Dylan Come gather \'round people Wherever you roam And admit that the waters Around you have grown And accept it that soon You\'ll be drenched to the bone. If your time to you Is worth savin\' Then you better start...