ORGANELLES AGING
MITOCHONDRIA THAT HAVE THEIR OWN DNA THEY ARE LIKE TINY CELLS WITHIN YOUR CELLS THEY REPRODUCE THEY READ THE GENES IN THEIR DNA MAKE mRNA THEY ALL ORIGINATE FROM THE OOCYTE (FROM YOUR MOTHER)
AGING
MITOCHONDRIA These organelles use a product of glucose metabolism Take the molecule apart Get rid of the carbon as carbon dioxide Get rid of the electrons that are produced as water (oxygen is used as an electron acceptor this is why you need oxygen) As a result of this chemistry, ATP is produced (a required source of energy for cell functions)
AGING
MITOCHONDRIA In the process of taking glucose apart, using molecular oxygen as an electron acceptor, oxygen radicals are produced. Normally, no problem. The oxygen radicals are trapped within the mitochondria and they are enzymes (proteins are that biological catalysts) to handle the problem. As a mitochondrion ages, it gets leaky. As a result, oxygen radicals are no longer contained. Oxygen radicals can alter nucleotides cause mutations of the DNA
Ionizing Radiation
X-ray X-rays passing through tissue generate free radicals from water Fee radicals react with DNA to alter its structure Ionizing radiation cause mutations
A mutation is a change in the nucleotide sequence of a gene
A mutation is copied during DNA...