Week AA187C 4 Lecture 1
1/29/2008 11:10:00 AM
Petition of 1902 Written by 32 politically elite Chamorros, and referring to the navy government in Guam, the petition read in part: "A military government at best is distasteful and highly repugnant to the fundamental principles of civilized government, and peculiarly so to those on which is based the American Government..." Guam remains to this day, an American colony they are considered American citizens, but do not have the power to vote for the presidency or governmental positions // America Samoa The U.S. Navy controlled America Samoa just like Guam They wanted a deep sea harbor (Pago Pago) The U.S. Naval Government they were the first colonial power They wanted to implement President McKinleys policies In order to cultivate good relations, they decided that it was best to appoint American-educated Samoans in positions of importance Receiving an American education does not make you a chief And the education that wanted to give, was elemtary education (sewing=women, carpentry=men) And those who were educating them were sailors, people with little education Navy also practiced racial segregation In theaters, the front seats were reserved for American military personnel and the it was roped to restrict them to sit in the back of the theater Spanish-American War also affected the islands (Hawaii) Similar to Guam and Samoa: U.S. sought control in order to establish naval harbors, trade networks Different from Guam and Samoa:
Hawaii held greater economic, political and military interest for the U.S. U.S. used Hawaii as an important source for sugar production, international trade for the Pacific and a base for Pearl Harbor American takeover happened BEFORE the Spanish-American War 1893 Queen Liliuokalani was overthrown by John Stevens (Hawaiian monarch of the Hawaiian kingdom) with missionary support and the support of the military When American took over, it was an act of war John Stevens represented the interest of American sugar plantation owners who wanted full American control of the islands in order to secure the ownership of Hawaiian lands and in order to produce sugar with any Hawaiian interruption 1897 Queen Lili harbored petitions and received approximately 95% of the voting public who rejected the U.S. presence and wanted to reinstall Queen Lili "This great [American] nation must gog across two thousand miles of sea, and take from the poor Hwaiians their little spots in the broad Pacific, must covet our ilsands of Hwaii Nei, and extinguish the nationality of my poor people, many of whom have now not a foot of land which can be called their own. And for what In order that another race-problem shall be injected into the social and political perplexities with which the United States...is already struggling?" 1916 - The Royal Hawaiian Band was created under King Kamehameha III the royal band that supported the monarchy The Americans however demanded the band to sign an oath of loyalty to them instead of being loyal to the Hawaiians, so that they would assure that they would not support the Queen or any type of rule However, they refused and they were told that if they didnt sign their loyalty, that they would be "eating rocks" because they wouldnt be paid (they were a paid Still band) they refused and they walked away from their jobs and their paychecks
They helped create a song called, "Mele Aloha ,,Aina" = Song for the People who love the land Here are two verses: No one will fix a signature To the paper of the enemy With its sin of annexation And sale of native civil rights We do not value The governments sums of money We are satisfied with the stories, Astonishing food of their land. The U.S. annexes Hawaii to complete their establish their rule in everywhere else Hawaii, Japan and the Philippines = they created a treaty in which they decided to ship large amounts of sugar without an international tax From 1850-1920, approximately 300,000 Asians migrated to Hawaii and comprised 70-85% of the work force (talking about the working men) Plantation owners were mostly white men Japanese laborers were paid more Filipino laborers (99 cents a day vs. 69 cents a day) They thought that Japanese workers were more productive than Filipinos American econoimc, miliatary and political control Non Hawaiian settler rights and voting power The rise of the American colonial power // other colonial powers that were taking over other areas of the world The American empire, through all that it was doing, was unifying separate entities (Guam, Hawaii and America Samoa) General Statements:
1. U.S. Congress has control and plenary powers (plenary = absolute) over all these places without the expressed knowledge and consent 2. Individuals born in these territories can become U.S. citizens, U.S. nationals, or a state-less person (youre a citizen of nobody) being born in a U.S. territory does not guarantee citizenship 3. With the exception of Hawaii, no one has voting representatives or delgates in Congress 4. None of these colonies are sovereign 5. Pacific Islanders resistance and struggle continued in these territories
Independence and Globalization in Tonga I. Fiji, Samoa and Tonga A. Tongan War B. Tulatala Compact II. European Encounters A. Christianity B. Constitutionalism and the Monarchy Keywords: Tulatala Compact What do Fijians (Pacific society in Polynesia), Samoans and Tongans have in common? They are geographically close to each other; politically, economically, culturally related because they come in close contact with each other often Pacific Islanders were not secluded and isolated by their neighbors; this case refutes this idea from Westerners If we think of globalization as competition inclusively and more broadly, in terms of Tonga, globalization is not really new, but that we must examine both Western and Non-Western forms of trade Tonga case is made more significant they stayed resistant to U.S. rule
Its not known why the three islands had a relationship with one another 13th-14th century The Tongas occupied Samoa (Tongan War) Tuna and Fata (Samoan Chiefs) Tui Talakaifaiki (Tongan Chief) Tulata Compact (relationships between Fiji, Samoa, Tonga) 14th century and ended in the 19th century Favorable sea currents for a relatively easy contact Tonga traded wives with Fiji and Fiji traded red feathers with Tonga Samoa traded their wives and mats with Tonga and Tonga gave red feathers Traded Goods: Fiji Vesi (wood) for bowls Tonga tapa (bark cloth) Samoa ,,ietoga (fine mats)
1/29/2008 11:10:00 AM
1/29/2008 11:10:00 AM