WVU - BUSA - 101

WVU - BUSA - 101

Drexel - CS - 475

From greenie at cs.drexel.edu Sun Mar 29 19:08:39 2009From: greenie at cs.drexel.edu (Rachel Greenstadt)Date: Sun, 29 Mar 2009 19:08:39 -0400Subject: [Cs475] NGR for CS 475Message-ID: <20090329230839.GG15555@tux64-01>Dear class, Several of

Drexel - CS - 123

From augendavid at hotmail.com Fri Jun 5 15:38:08 2009From: augendavid at hotmail.com (David Augenblick)Date: Fri, 5 Jun 2009 13:38:08 -0600Subject: [Cs123] CS123 - SECTION 81 STUDENTS ONLY!Message-ID: <BLU125-W10914C294D706DC53244C9C9480@phx.g

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - GEO - 107

PLATE TECTONICSLab #1 Aug. 25-26What is a plate? Def: a rigid section of Earth's crust Plates interact along their boundaries. Tectonic activity: earthquakes, volcanoesPlate Boundaries Convergent: plates move toward each other EQ & volcano

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - GEO - 107

Average Annual Global Temperature Year Temperature, oC 1880 13.75 1881 13.81 1882 13.78 1883 13.74 1884 13.69 1885 13.73 1886 13.75 1887 13.69 1888 13.76 1889 13.80 1890 13.65 1891 13.70 1892 13.64 1893 13.61 1894 13.65 1895 13.73 1896 13.84 1897 13.

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - GEO - 107

ShorelinesLab #10 Nov. 10 & 11Shorelines As Dynamic Environments Erosion By waves & storms Rate depends on coastal materials Deposition Source & supply of sediment CurrentsSome Shoreline FeaturesHeadlands Sea arch Sea stacksWave Base

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - GEO - 107

Surface temperature from 1860 until 2000 shows an overall rise of 0.9C. The future projections are following CO2 emissions and atmospheric ghg concentrations (in ppmv - parts per million by volume). The red line shows Business-as-Usual (BAU) where th

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - GEO - 432

Geol432 Mineralogy & Mineral OpticsMineral ListLIST OF MINERALSBold: You should know their diagnostic features in hand specimens and their chemical formulaePlain: You should know which class they below to and the major elements in themLiPag

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - GEO - 143

GEOLOGY 143: HISTORY OF LIFEUniversity of Illinois Fall Semester 2008Instructor: Professor Bruce W. Fouke, Room 138 NHB Office Phone: 244-5431 Email: fouke@illinois.edu Office hours: Mondays 4 5 pm, Room 138 NHB Teaching Assistants: Carly Hill, Ph

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - GEO - 143

GEOLOGY 143: HISTORY OF LIFEUniversity of Illinois Fall Semester, 2008Instructor: Professor Bruce W. Fouke, Room 138 NHB Phone: 244-5431 Email: fouke@illinois.edu Office Hours: Mondays 4 5 pm, Rm 138 NHB Teaching Assistants: Carly Hill, Phone: 244

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - GEO - 562

Tom Johnson, 8/25/08Isotope Geochem Introduction: Why isotopes?Modern geoscientists use isotope measurements for nearly every kind of study. A large fraction of the papers published involve some type of isotope data. Why is this? What are the gene

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - GEO - 562

Reviews in Mineralogy & Geochemistry Vol. 55, pp. 65-111, 2004 Copyright Mineralogical Society of America3Applying Stable Isotope Fractionation Theory to New SystemsEdwin A. SchaubleDepartment of Earth and Space Sciences University of Californ

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - GEO - 562

Tom Johnson 9/4/08Intro to Mass Dependent FractionationReading: White Ch. 27 Required Schauble, 2004 (from 2004 No-traditional Stable Isotopes RiMG volume; posted on web site) Other resources: Valley and Cole, Chapter 1, Chacko, Cole, and Horita;

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - GEO - 562

T. Johnson 9/9/08Kinetic Fractionation and Rayleigh ProcessesReading: Chapter 28 in White: "Kinetic Fractionation." Schauble, 2004: Part of his chapter summarizes theory on kinetic isotope fractionation. Guide Questions: - In a chemical reaction i

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - GEO - 562

9/18/08Water Isotopes (D and 18O in the Hydrosphere)Reading: Review Chapter 28 in White Alley and Cuffy chapter in the Valley and Cole Book Other resources: Some great information can be found at the International Atomic Energy Agency web site: ht

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - GEO - 562

9/25/08Mass spectrometryReading: White #15, F&M 4.4 Also Required: Visit and study Pudue AMS lab web site: http:/www.physics.purdue.edu/primelab/ Guide Questions: What is the means used to separate isotopes in most isotope ratio mass specs? What m

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - GEO - 562

10/2/08High-temperature paleothermometry and water-rock interactionReading: White's Lecture #30 (skim the part on the mantle); Lecture #33 read all Lectures #31+32- skim.Paleothermometry:Use in ore deposits: Some are formed by very hot water, o

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - GEO - 562

10/9/08Mass Independent fractionation (MIF)Reading: White's Lecture #40 (first part on MIF); re-read Lecture #37 part on Warning: This material is very new and the concepts are evolving very rapidly, so this is one area where you must consult the

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - GEO - 562

10/28/08Carbon Isotopes and Isotopic Fractionation for Complex (e.g., biochemical) ProcessesReading: White, Lectures 29, 38, 39 For more info: Valley and Cole Chapters 3 (Hayes), 10 (Des Marais), and 11 (Freeman) Motivation: C, S, N, and other red

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - GEO - 562

The next several figures are from DesMarais chapter in the Valley and Cole RiMG Book.

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - GEO - 562

Isotope geochemistry of N, S, and other redox-active elementsReading: White #29: Material on N and S isotopes in second half S Isotopes Chapter (Canfield's) from Valley and Cole (RiMG vol. 43) Additional resources: Se/Cr, Mo, Fe Chapters in "Non-tra

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - GEO - 562

11/19/08Isotope geochemistry of non-redox active elementsResources: See Chapters in Johnson, Beard and Albarde, 2004, "Geochemistry of NonTraditional Stable Isotopes" Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, Vol. 55. Includes Li, Mg, Ca, Zn, Cl Als

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - GEO - 562

11/19/081) Radioactive Decay, Nucleosynthesis, and Basic GeochronologyReading (all from White's Notes) Lecture 1: Introduction And Physics Of The Nucleus Skim all except ignore Box: Pions and the Nuclear Force: Lecture 2: Radioactive Decay- Read a

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - GEO - 562

11/20/08Isotope Geochem Notes: Rb-Sr, K-Ar and Ar-Ar DatingReading for this topic: White Lectures 5 and 6 Guide questions: Which isotope of Rb is unstable and to which isotope does it decay? What is the general procedure for age dating rocks via t

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - GEO - 562

12/1/08Isotope Geochem Notes (U,Th-Pb; Sm-Nd; Re-Os; Lu-Hf)Reading for this topic: White's notes: Lecture 7 (Sm-Nd) Lecture 8 (U,Th-Pb basics) read all Lecture 9 (U-Pb, zircons) read all Lecture 11 (Lu-Hf and Re-Os) skim to learn how these systems

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - GEO - 562

12/3/08Isotope Ratios as Tracers of Sources (and mixing of materials from different sources) in the Solid Earth, Hydrosphere, BiosphereReading: White, Lecture 24, part on the mathematics of binary mixing. NOTE for 2008 class: Grey-highlighted area

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - GEO - 562

12/5/08GEOL 562 Notes: U-Series and Th-series nuclidesReading: White, Lecture 10 Other resource: Bourdon, Henderson, Lundstrom and Turner, Uranium Series Geochemistry, Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, Volume 52. http:/www.minsocam.org/MSA/R

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - GEO - 562

12/6/08Cosmogenic IsotopesReading: White's 2 lectures on cosmogenic isotopes Guide Questions: How are cosmogenic nuclides produced in the earth-atmosphere system? How do the production rates depend on: - Cosmic ray flux and the earth's magnetic fi

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - CHP - 395

1Fouke Lab Biocomplexity ResearchAbiotic/Biotic Carbonates Ecology of Infectious Disease- Caribbean/Pacific coral reefs - veterinary medicine - human medicine- Yellowstone/Tuscany hot springs - Illinois/Curaao cavesBiocomplexity Environmental

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - CHP - 395

1Time-Line of Key Earth History Events Earth formed ~ 4.5 4.7 bya Moon formed as result of meteor impact ~ 4 bya Precambrian oxygenation of the atmosphere ~ 1.5 - 2 bya Snowball Earth ~ 0.5 - 1 bya Cambrian explosion of organisms with shells/skele

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - CHP - 395

Earth Circumference = ~ 46,350 km1 Mm 106 105 104 1 km 103 1 hm 102 1 dam101 1m 100Powers of 10 SpatialEarth Formation = 4.6 x 109 yr1010 109 108 107 106 105 104 103 102 101 1 yr 100 10-1 10-2 10-3 10-4 10-510-6 yr = 2.6 secondsPowers of 1

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - CHP - 395

Socrates- early Greek philospher (470 BC 399 BC) Socratic Method (Dialectical Approach) Learning through disciplined, rigorous, and thoughtful dialogue and logically defending one's ideas during intensive questioning that incomplete or inaccurate id

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - CHP - 395

Scientific Inquiry: Integrative and Iterative (Fouke 2008)1. Initiation: Use powers of observation, intuition, and knowledge from previous thought, work and experimentation to choose a relevant, meaningful, and timely question from an infinite arra

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - CHP - 395

http:/voyager.jpl.nasa.gov/spacecraft/goldenrec.html1Basic Molecules of Life DNA - deoxyribonucleic acid - a small molecule (monomer) composed of a sequence of nucleic acids containing a nitrogen base (adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine, or urac

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - CHP - 395

Integrated Science Conceptual ApproachBig Picture Relevance Question:Central Working Hypothesis: Pattern (largest emergent organization) Spatial ScalePatternProcesses (link Mechanism to Pattern) (intermediate organization)Spatial ScaleProc

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - CHP - 395

Integrated Science Work SheetBig Picture Relevance Question:Central Working Hypothesis:Relevant Physical ComponentsPhysical Relevant Biological Components Time, Space, Evolution, Ecology, Geology Context Relevant Chemical ComponentsBiologica

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - CHP - 395

scientific correspondenceIndonesian `king of the sea' discoveredJuly Indonesian population coelacanth was discovered. It is On 30 of the1998, anspecies as the wellapparently same known coelacanth from the Comoran archipelago in the Indian Ocean, L

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - CHP - 395

news and viewsA home from home for coelacanthsPeter ForeyThe discovery of specimens of the coelacanth, Latimeria chalumnae , in Indonesian waters raises questions about the geographical distribution and conservation status of this remarkable fis

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - CHP - 395

newsTangled tale of a lost, stolen and disputed coelacanthHeather McCabe, Paris & Janet Wright, LondonPABrown: plans to increase funding, but some fear a cut in the number of studentships.in many areas, including the biological and physical

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - CHP - 395

newsEnhanced advisory role urged for former EU nuclear labsQuirin SchiermeierRecriminations and confusion over `fake' coelacanth photoHeather McCabe, ParisIdentifying an appropriate role for the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JR

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - CHP - 395

Interpreting the universal phylogenetic treeCarl R. Woese*Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, B103 Chemical and Life Sciences Laboratory, MC-110, 601 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801-3709 Contributed by Car

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - CHP - 395

1234U.S.A.30 N90 N80 NChicxulub Impact CraterCubaN20 NAlbion Island QuarryMexicoArmenia Outcrop0 Belize Guatemala Honduras KM30056789101112131415Paragenetic Event EarlyMarine deposition of Barton

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - CHP - 395

CHP 395 Laboratory 1 Water Temperature Goals of Laboratory: (1) To gain a basic understanding of the magnitude and rate of water temperature gradients (2) to gain familiarity with the Fahrenheit Celcius temperature scales (3) to apply basic statisti

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - CHP - 395

CaCO3 Biomineralization: Biotic Survival on an Evolving PlanetPresentation by Bruce W. FoukeDepartment of Geology Department of Microbiology Institute for Genomic Biology University of Illinois Urbana-ChampaignInstitute for Genomic Biology, Univer

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - GEO - 143

1GEOL 143 GradingMaximum Score for Class = 1 = 100% calculated as follows: Maximum Lab Score = 395 pts Proportion of Grade = 40% Maximum Lecture Score = 90 pts Proportion of Grade = 60% (395 lab pts/395 max pts) x 0.4 lab) + (90 lecture pts/90 max

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - GEO - 143

1Scientific World View 1. The universe and nature is understandable 2. Scientific ideas are subject to change 3. Scientific knowledge is durable 4. Science cannot provide complete answers to all questions 5. Science demands evidence that is reprodu

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - GEO - 143

1Brief Time-Line of Key Events Earth formed ~ 4.5 4.7 bya Moon formed as result of meteor impact ~ 4 bya Precambrian oxygenation of the atmosphere ~ 1.5 - 2 by Snowball Earth ~ 0.5 - 1 bya Cambrian explosion of organisms with shells/skeletons ~ 54

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - GEO - 143

1Panspermia - the hypothesis that life already existed in the Universe Prior to Life on Earth, and that life on Earth (and perhaps other planets) may have originated someplace else in the universe - perhaps delivered via meteors. Exogenesis is a mo

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - GEO - 143

1234567891011

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - GEO - 143

http:/voyager.jpl.nasa.gov/spacecraft/goldenrec.html12345678910111213

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - GEO - 143

1234Taxonomic Groups Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species Evolutionary Relationships Phylogenetics structure of life with respect to ancestry (evolutionary history) via shared traits, shown as phylogenetic trees (or cladogra

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - GEO - 143

12Late Proterozoic Protists autotrophs, heterotrophs, or both? occurred with acritarchs (probably planktonic algae floated in water column) most early protests probably planktonic, moved efficiently to find nutrients plankton were abundant by ~

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - GEO - 143

1Vertebrate Origins Backbone contains a nerve canal and the notochord (defines the phylum Chordata) V-shaped muscles packs attach to and push against the notochord, permitting swimming 1) urochordate: Tunicates (sea squirts) marine organisms with

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - GEO - 143

1Adjustments to Life in Air Plants and Animals no buoyancy, need skeletal support desiccation physical-chemical environmental extremes (temperature, humidity, salinity) no nutrients in air reproductive cycle needs to be modified2Origin of Land

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - GEO - 143

1Cycads, cycadeoids, and ferns in the foreground Conifers in the background2Late Carboniferous insect: Mazon Creek IllinoisTully monsterTullimonstrum gregarium Carboniferous (354290 million years ago) Mazon Creek, Illinois PE22138 Fossil coll

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - GEO - 143

12Tetrapod four-legged vertebrate Reptile tetrapod with scaly skin that reproduces with an amniotic egg Thus can lay eggs on land More solid vertebrate and more powerful limbs than amphibians Biggest difference from amphibians is mode of reprod

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - GEO - 143

12Overall global climatic drying3Anapsid Evolution the only living anapsids are turtles they radiated in the TriassicTherapsids (Jonkeria center)4Therapsid Evolution Therapsids were synapsid reptiles Inhabited mid- to high-latitudes, bu

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - GEO - 143

1Martin (2006)Dinosaur phylogenetic relationships2lizard-hipped herbivores and carnivoresbird-hipped herbivoresMartin (2006)Early dinosaur (cast) Herrerasaurus ischgualastensisTriassic (248-206 million years ago) The first dinosaurs wer

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - GEO - 143

123From the top: Head of an American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis), a Nile crocodile (Crocodylus niloticus), and an Indian gharial (Gavialis gangeticus).Brochu (2001)4567lizard-hipped herbivores and carnivoresbird-hipped

University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign - GEO - 143

1lizard-hipped herbivores and carnivoresbird-hipped herbivoresMartin (2006)2