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Course: AST 161, Fall 2009School: National Taiwan University
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4 Quiz Study Guide Astronomy 161 Autumn 2007 InClass Quiz 4 Study Guide General Solar System Names of the 8 planets Dwarf Planets (names of the 3 initial dwarf planets) Order of planets in the Solar System Main types of planets & other bodies Origin of the Solar System Clues to the formation in the presentday properties of the Solar System clues from the orbital motions clues from composition...
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4 Quiz Study Guide
Astronomy 161 Autumn 2007 InClass Quiz 4 Study Guide General Solar System Names of the 8 planets Dwarf Planets (names of the 3 initial dwarf planets) Order of planets in the Solar System Main types of planets & other bodies Origin of the Solar System Clues to the formation in the presentday properties of the Solar System clues from the orbital motions clues from composition differences at different distances from the Sun Primordial Solar Nebula Condensation of gases into solid grains as the Solar Nebula cools. The "frost line" Formation of planetesimals from grains Formation of the Terrestrial Planets Formation of the Jovian Planets Formation of the Asteroids, Comets, and Kuiper Belt Objects Terrestrial Planets Mercury Rotation Period locked in 3:2 tidal resonance with Sun Mercurys surface Impact craters Caloris Impact Basin & jumbled terrain at the antipodes Mercurys atmosphere (such as it is) How did it get that way? Mercurys interior large iron core and its supposed origin in a headon impact weak magnetic field Venus Slow, retrograde rotation Venus atmosphere composition pressure and temperature clouds How did it get that way? Runaway Greenhouse Effect Venus surface radar mapping results rolling plains, valleys, & highlands extinct(?) volcanos & impact craters lack of plate tectonics upwelling & downwelling tectonism Contrast with the Earth Mars 2 moons: Phobos & Martian Deimos Atmosphere composition pressure & temperature dust storms How did it get that way? Martian Surface Features plains & cratered highlands volcanos (Olympus Mons & Tharsis Region) canyons & channels polar caps Water on Mars Comparison of the Terrestrial Planets Interiors & Surfaces (differences & similarities) cratering as a way to determine terrain ages relation of tectonism to internal heat different forces that shaped the different surfaces Origin & evolution of terrestrial planet atmospheres Probably started with similar compositions & evolved very differently Role of the Greenhouse effect in atmosphere evolution Runaway Greenhouse effect Atmospheric Retention The Habitable Zone Jupiter & Saturn Gas Giants atmosphere composition internal structure internal heat atmospheric features belts & z...
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National Taiwan University - AST - 161
Quiz 2 Study GuideAstronomy 161 Autumn 2007 InClass Quiz 2 Study Guide Unit 3: The Revolutions of the Heavenly Orbs Aristotelian World View Assumptions (uniform circular motion, fixed unmoving earth) Early Geocentric Systems Eudoxus, Pythagoras, A
National Taiwan University - AST - 830
Astronomy 830, Autumn 2004Readings for 2003 Sept 22 thru Oct 8 Binney & Merrifield (B&M):Chapter 2: sections 2.1 & 2.2 (except secular & statistical parallaxes) section 2.3 Chapter 3: sections 3.1 5 (well jump around through these), and 3.7 (for O
National Taiwan University - AST - 871
Astronomy 871: Physics of the Interstellar Medium Course SyllabusCourse Topics:I. Introduction and General ISM Physics 1 week Historical & Phenomenological Overview of the ISM Physical Description of the ISM Kinetic Equilibrium Excitation Equili
National Taiwan University - AST - 871
VI The Hot ISMWe finish our discussion of the physics of the interstellar medium with a discussion of the final phase of the ISM: hot, low-density gas. This very hot plasma is often called the X-ray corona of the Galaxy, by analogy with the Solar co
National Taiwan University - AST - 871
V Interstellar MoleculesInterstellar molecular gas was discovered in the 1940s with the observation of absorption bands from electronic transitions in CH, CH+, and CN superimposed on the spectra of bright stars. In the late 1960s, centimeter- and mi
National Taiwan University - AST - 871
Astronomy 871, Autumn 2008, Problem Set 4Due Wednesday Nov 12 Problem 1:Using Table II from Panagia 1973 [AJ, 78, 929], and noting that what he calls NL is our Q(H0), and the values of the Case B and effective recombination coefficients for H0 give
National Taiwan University - AST - 871
Astronomy 871, Autumn 2008, Problem Set 3Due Thursday, October 30Problem 1 A radiation-bounded nebula is one in which all of the ionizing photons are absorbed within the ionized volume, and the ionization equilibrium is found by balancing the total
National Taiwan University - AST - 871
Dealing with Rayleighs and Emission Measure: a worked exampleIn ISM studies, the standard unit of surface brightness for emission lines is the Rayleigh:1 Rayleigh = 106 photons s 1 cm 2 sr 1 4The conversion between Rayleighs and surface brightnes
National Taiwan University - AST - 871
Notes on the NotesThese lecture notes have been distilled from hand-written notes compiled while teaching Astronomy 871, Physics of the Interstellar Medium, during 4 quarters between 1993 and 1999, and recently revived for teaching it again during S
National Taiwan University - AST - 871
II Neutral Atomic Hydrogen (HI) RegionsThis chapter discusses the physics of regions dominated by neutral (or only weakly ionized) atomic species. Since neutral atomic hydrogen is the dominant species, we will generically refer to such gas as Neutra
National Taiwan University - AST - 871
I Introduction to the Interstellar MediumThe Interstellar Medium is anything not in starsDonald Osterbrock [1984 Jan 13 authors UCSC course notes]. Astronomy 871 is a survey of the physics of the Interstellar Medium (henceforth ISM) of the Milky W
National Taiwan University - AST - 871
III Ionized Hydrogen (HII) RegionsIonized atomic Hydrogen regions, broadly termed HII Regions, are composed of gas ionized by photons with energies above the Hydrogen ionization energy of 13.6eV. These objects include Classical HII Regions ionized b
National Taiwan University - AST - 871
IV Interstellar DustUp until now we have been concerned primarily with physical properties in the gaseous phases of the ISM. We now turn our attention to a solid-state component: Interstellar Dust Grains. Dust grains are solid, macroscopic particles
National Taiwan University - AST - 871
Astronomy 871, Spring 2007, Problem Set 5Due Tuesday, May 22 in class Problem 1:Given the tabulation of the Clayton, Cardelli &Mathis interstellar extinction curve attached, renormalize the curve to plot A / AV as a function of 1/ for RV=3.1 and RV
National Taiwan University - AST - 350
Astronomy 350, Autumn 2002 Lab 2: A Simple Long-Slit Grating Spectrometer Due: Wed November 6Pre-Lab ExerciseDuring the lab session on October 23, we constructed a simple long-slit grating spectrometer out of slide-mounted transmission gratings, a
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Chapter 4: File Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics 1: Computer, Internet, Chapter 1: Management, Virus Web, and E-Mail Basics Protection, and Backup1Chapter 1 PreviewAfter this chapter, you should be able to: Define the term computer an
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National Taiwan University - AST - 162
Astronomy 162 Winter Quarter 2006 Homework #1 Due in class Wednesday, January 18InstructionsThis handout is just a worksheet: homework answers must be turned in on the bubble sheets provided. You can pickup additional bubble sheets during class. U
National Taiwan University - AST - 162
Astronomy 162 Winter Quarter 2006 Homework #2 Due in class Monday, January 30InstructionsThis handout is just a worksheet: homework answers must be turned in on the bubble sheets provided. You can pickup additional bubble sheets during class. Usin
National Taiwan University - AST - 162
Astronomy 162 Winter Quarter 2006 Homework #3 Due in class Monday, February 13InstructionsThis handout is just a worksheet: homework answers must be turned in on the bubble sheets provided. You can pickup additional bubble sheets during class. Use
North Shore - MAT - 140
Solving Logic Problems Problem is given in the solved a Logic PrQblem Chart'as you follow ourSAMPLE SOLVING CHART:is entertaining and challenging. All the information you need to solve a Logic introduction and clues, and in illustrations, when pro
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Dr. Sigmund Skinner, the noted psychologist, has spent the last several months conducting a study on superstitions held by adult Americans. He has just finished interviewing five volunteer subjects (three of whom-Fred, Paul, and Ralph-are men, and tw
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5Propositional logicStephan Falke November 8th 2006iiContents5 Propositional logic 5.1 Syntax and semantics . . . . . 5.2 Conjunctive normal form . . . 5.3 Horn formulas . . . . . . . . . . 5.4 Resolution . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.4.1 Unit-re
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Graphing Quadratic Functions Definition Quadratic Function: Produces a vertical parabola (large "U")General Informationf(x)= ax2 + bx + cadoesn't = 01.a> 0, parabola opens up a < 0, parabola opens down.a)("a IIis the coefficient f X2 te
National Taiwan University - AST - 162
Astronomy 162 Introduction to Stars, Galaxies & the Universe Winter Quarter 2006 Syllabus Lectures: MTWRF, 9:30-10:18am, 1008 Evans Lab (EL1008)Professor: Richard Pogge Office: 4037 McPherson Lab (292-0274) Office Hours: Tues, Wed, Thurs 11:00-12:3
National Taiwan University - AST - 161
Quiz 1 Study GuideAstronomy 161 Autumn 2007 Quiz 1 Study Guide Unit 1: Introduction Astronomical Numbers Scientific Notation Metric system Weight vs. Mass The Night Sky The Constellations Uses for ritual, navigation and art Unit 2: Discovering Eart
National Taiwan University - AST - 161
Quiz 2 Study GuideAstronomy 161 Autumn 2007 InClass Quiz 3 Study Guide Light (Electromagnetic Radiation) Wavelength & Frequency Speed of Light in a vacuum Photons Energy of photons (relation to frequency) The Electromagnetic Spectrum Types of ligh
National Taiwan University - AST - 161
Last Week Study GuideAstronomy 161 Autumn 2007 EndofQuarter (Last Week) Study Guide This study guide covers the lectures from Nov 1930 that followed Quiz 4. All of the other lectures are covered by the previous study guides. This list, together wit
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Surface Identification Draw four views of the part shown. Top, Front, Right Side, and a SE Isometric. Use the techniques presented in class to finish the drawing. In each view, identify each surface as either true size or foreshortened. For this exer
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AliasesCommands: any commands Exit Autocad, and use the Windows Find Algorithm to locate Autocads acad.pgp file.Open this file in Notepad. (Double click) Scroll through this file to see all the existing aliases for Autocad commands. This list uses
National Taiwan University - AST - 161
Name: _Astronomy 161 Autumn Quarter 2007Homework #1 Due Monday, October 1 in classInstructionsThis handout is your worksheet. Please write your answers in the spaces provided. In cases where a calculation is called for, please show your work in
National Taiwan University - AST - 161
Name: _Astronomy 161 Autumn Quarter 2007Homework #2 Due Monday, October 15 in classInstructionsThis handout is your worksheet. Please write your answers in the spaces provided. In cases where a calculation is called for, please show your work i
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Surface Identification Draw four views of the part shown. Top, Front, Right Side, and a SE Isometric. Use the techniques presented in class to finish the drawing. In each view, identify each surface as either true size or foreshortened. For this exer
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Surface Identification Draw four views of the part shown. Top, Front, Right Side, and a SE Isometric. Use the techniques presented in class to finish the drawing. In each view, identify each surface as either true size or foreshortened. For this exer
North Shore - CPS - 100
CPS 100 FUNDAMENTAL OF COMPUTER CONCEPTSNORTH SHORE COMMUNITY COLLEGEDIVISION OF SCIENCES AND MATHEMATICS CPS 100 FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTER CONCEPTS Fall 2006 INSTRUCTOR: George WalshContact Information: gwalsh@northshore.edu 978-762-4000 Ext 626
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The Anchor_Block PuzzleUsing External Reference files, the UCS command and (if necessary) the move, rotate, 3drotate commands, assemble the puzzle as shown. Two views are shown here to identify all faces in question.The parts are named for their c
National Taiwan University - AST - 162
Astronomy 162 Introduction to Stars, Galaxies & the Universe Winter Quarter 2007 Syllabus Lectures: MTWRF, 9:00-9:48 am, Orton Hall 110Professor: Jennifer Johnson Office: 4025 McPherson Lab (292-5651) Office Hours: TTh 11:00 am-12:30 pm, or by appo
National Taiwan University - AST - 162
Lecture 15: The Main SequenceReadings: Box 21-2, Figure 20-11 Key IdeasMain Sequence stars burn hydrogen into helium in their cores Get slowly brighter with age The Main Sequence is a Mass Sequence Low M-S: M < 1.2 MSun Upper M-S: M > 1.2 MSun The
National Taiwan University - AST - 162
Lecture 22: Extreme Stars: White Dwarfs & Neutron StarsReadings: 22-2, 22-4, 23-1, 23-3, 23-4, 23-5, 23-8, 23-9 Key IdeasWhite Dwarf Remnant of a low-mass star Supported by Electron Degeneracy Pressure Maximum Mass ~1.4 MSun (Chandrasekhar Mass) Ne
National Taiwan University - AST - 162
Lecture 14: Star FormationReadings: 20-1, 20-2, 20-3, 20-4, 20-5, 20-7, 20-8 Key IdeasRaw Materials: Giant Molecular Clouds Formation Stages: Cloud collapse and fragmentation into clumps Protostar formation from clumps Onset of hydrostatic equilibr
National Taiwan University - AST - 162
Lecture 36: The First Three MinutesReadings: Sections 29-1, 29-2, and 29-4 (29-3) Key IdeasPhysics of the Early Universe Informed by experimental & theoretical physics Later stages confirmed by observations The Cosmic Timeline: Unification of force
National Taiwan University - AST - 162
Lecture 9: Stellar SpectraReadings: Section 19-4, 19-5, and 19-8 Key IdeasColor of a star depends on its Temperature Red Stars are Cooler Blue Stars are Hotter Spectral Classification Classify stars by their spectral lines Spectral differences are
National Taiwan University - AST - 162
Lecture 31: Interacting Galaxies and Active Galactic NucleiReadings: Sections 26-7, 27-1, 27-2, 27-3, 27-4 and 27-5 Key Ideas:Tidal Interactions between Galaxies: Close Tidal Encounters Galaxy-Galaxy Collisions Splash encounters Starbursts Induced
National Taiwan University - AST - 162
Lecture 4: Light & MatterReadings: Sections 5-3, 5-4, 5-6, and 5-8Things we learn from light about matter Size Motion Temperature Energy Output Composition Density, pressure, mass (in extreme cases)Key IdeasTemperature (Kelvin Scale) Measures in
National Taiwan University - AST - 162
Lecture 10: The Hertzsprung-Russell DiagramReading: Sections 19.7-19.8 Key IdeasThe Hertzsprung-Russell (H-R) Diagram Plot of Luminosity vs. Temperature for stars Features: Main Sequence Giant & Supergiant Branches White Dwarfs Luminosity classes
National Taiwan University - AST - 162
Lecture 19: Special RelativityReadings: Section 24-1 and Box 24-1 FrameworkPostulates Facts assumed to be true Example: the speed of light is the same for all observers Consequences What happens when moving quickly or in strong gravitational fields
National Taiwan University - AST - 162
Lecture 5: ForcesReadings: Section 4-7, Table 29-1 Key IdeasFour Fundamental Forces Strong Nuclear Force Weak nuclear force Gravitational force Inverse square law Electromagnetic force Comparison of the Forces Principle of ConservationThe Four Fu
National Taiwan University - AST - 162
Lecture 41: Science Fact or Science Fiction? Intelligent Life in the UniverseFour Opinions:1. It is highly likely that intelligent life has arisen elsewhere in the Universe. 2. There is no evidence of extraterrestrial visits to the Earth, now or in
National Taiwan University - AST - 162
Lecture 16: Evolution of Low-Mass StarsReadings: 21-1, 21-2, 22-1, 22-3 and 22-4For the protostar and pre-main-sequence phases, the process was the same for the high and low mass stars, and the main difference was the speed with which they went thr
National Taiwan University - AST - 162
Lecture 37: Dark Matter & Dark EnergyReadings: Sections 26-8 and 28-7 Key IdeasDark Matter Matter we cannot see directly with light Most of the matter in the Universe? Detected only by its gravity Rotation Curves of Spirals Velocity Dispersion in E
National Taiwan University - AST - 162
Lecture 13: Energy Generation & Transport in StarsReadings: Section 18-2 and 18-3 Key IdeasEnergy generation in stars Nuclear Fusion in the core Hydrostatic thermostat Getting the energy from the core to the surface 3 methods Thermal Equilibrium in
National Taiwan University - AST - 162
Lecture 20: Special & General Relativity IISeeing the WorldAll information about the Universe is carried by light or things moving slower than light. Speed of Light: c=299,792.458 km/sec Compared to everyday scales: 65 mph = 0.028 km/sec=9.3x10-8 c
National Taiwan University - AST - 162
Lecture 21: General RelativityReadings: Section 24-2 Key Ideas:Postulates: Gravitational mass=inertial mass (aka Galileo was right) Laws of physics are the same for all observers Consequences: Matter tells spacetime how to curve. Curved spacetime t
National Taiwan University - AST - 162
Lecture 38: Galaxy FormationSection 26-9 Key IdeasObservations of Galaxies Key Questions Current Picture of Galaxy Formation Mergers & Rotation Important Testing Theory of Galaxy Formation Fossils in the Milky Way High redshift observations Frontie
National Taiwan University - AST - 162
Lecture 23: Black HolesReadings: Sections 24-3, 24-5 through 24-8 Key IdeasBlack Holes are totally collapsed objects Gravity so strong not even light can escape Predicted by General Relativity Schwarzschild Radius & Event Horizon Find them by their
National Taiwan University - AST - 162
Lecture 40: Science Fact or Science Fiction? Time TravelKey IdeasTravel into the future: Permitted by General Relativity Relativistic starships or strong gravitation Travel back to the past Might be possible with stable wormholes The Grandfather Pa
National Taiwan University - AST - 162
Lecture 30: Groups and Clusters of GalaxiesSection 26-6 Key IdeasGalaxies often gather into Groups & Clusters The Milky Way is part of the Local Group Hierarchy of Structure Groups: 3 to 30 bright galaxies Clusters: > 30 (up to 1000s) of bright gal
National Taiwan University - AST - 162
Lecture 24: Testing Stellar EvolutionReadings: 20-6, 21-3, 21-4 Key IdeasHR Diagrams of Star Clusters Ages from the Main Sequence Turn-off Open Clusters Young clusters of ~1000 stars Blue Main-Sequence stars & few giants Globular Clusters Old clust
National Taiwan University - AST - 162
Lecture 27: Ingredients for a GalaxyReadings: Sections 25-2, 25-3 and 25-6 Key Ideas: The Parts of a GalaxyStars Ga s Ionized optical/UV emission lines Neutral 21 cm emission for H Molecular radio and mm emission Dust Central Supermassive Black
National Taiwan University - AST - 162
Lecture 29: Ellipticals and IrregularsReadings: Section 26-3 Key IdeasElliptical Galaxies Irregular Galaxies Dwarf Galaxies Dwarf ellipticals, dwarf spheroidals, dwarf irregulars Galactic Content H-R Diagrams Integrated Color/Light Summary of Prope