2 Contents
1 System Overview System Architecture 2 4
2.1 Lighting . . . . . . . . . 2.1.1 Mystic Protocol . 2.2 Temperature / Humidity 2.3 Nutrient Mixing . . . . . 2.4 Server . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.1 Master Controller 2.4.2 Web Interface . . 2.4.3 Data Logging . .
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1
Chapter 1 System Overview
Figure 1.1: Level 0 greenhouse system functionality
2
Module Inputs
Hydroponics Greenhouse System
Power: 120V AC power Power: 240V AC power Power: 24V DC power Water: puried on site through Reverse Osmosise Nutrients: liquid nutrients, undiluted Ambient light: from the sun Ambient temperature: inside and outside the green-
house
Ambient humidity: inside and outside the greenhouse User input: Users can access the system over the inter-
net through a web browser, or through manual override switches in the greenhouse.
Outputs
Visual display: what the user sees on their computer Processed data: for import into Excel spreadsheet
Functionality
Automation and remote control system for hydroponic greenhouse
3
Chapter 2 System Architecture
Figure 2.1: Level 1 design of the greenhouse system 4
Module Inputs
Web Browser
User input: via keyboard and mouse
Outputs
Visual display: HTML web pages that include graphical
and text displays of current system state and recorded data, and control buttons
Functionality Assigned to
Any web browser that complies with the W3C web standards Nobody - o the shelf component
The web browser could be running on a computer connected to the internet anywhere in the world, on the local area network, or a web-enabled cell phone.
Module Inputs
Server
TCP/IP network: RFC 791, RFC 793. Includes inter-
net connection and local area network.
Data: Numeric values from sensors
Outputs
TCP/IP network Processed data: for import into Excel spreadsheet Control signal: Command or request for sensor data
Functionality
Assigned to
The server handles the communication between the user and the various subsystems, data storage and retrieval, and intelligent control of subsystems based on analysis of sensor data Damian Christey, Younus Khan
5
Module Inputs
Lighting
Ambient light: from the sun Control signal: Command or request for sensor data User input: Manual override switches Power: 120V AC power Power: 240V AC power Power: 24V DC power
Outputs
Data: Numeric values from sensors
Functionality Assigned to
Measuring amount of sunlight throughout the day and providing additional articial light as needed Nathaniel Sapp
6
Module Inputs
Temperature / Humidity
Ambient temperature: inside and outside the green-
house
Ambient humidity: inside and outside the greenhouse Control signal: Command or request for sensor data User input: Manual override switches Power: 120V AC power Power: 240V AC power Power: 24V DC power
Outputs
Data: Numeric values from sensors
Functionality Assigned to
Controls ventilation and heaters to keep the greenhouse at the ideal temperature and humidity for plant growth. Nathaniel Sapp
7
Module Inputs
Nutrients / Watering
Water: from well on site Nutrients: liquid nutrients, undiluted Control signal: Command or request for sensor data User input: Manual override switches Power: 120V AC power Power: 240V AC power Power: 24V DC power
Outputs
Data: Numeric values from sensors
Functionality Assigned to
Mixing nutrients, maintaining desired concentration and pH of nutrient solution, watering plants Anthony Fucello II
8
2.1
Lighting
Figure 2.2: Level 2, Design of the Lighting
9
Module Inputs
Opto22 Controller
Power: 24V DC Control Signal: from Server Data and Remote Signal: from Remote Panel Interface
Outputs
Data: information received from sensors and manual
input from use
Control Signal: digital signal to I/O's
Functionality
Assigned to Module Inputs
Snap B3000 brain control unit that can be stand-alone, or interfaced by a program with I/O control, that controls a system with contact to a large number of I/O point counts. Nathaniel Sapp Remote Panel Interface
Power: 24V DC Opto22 digital control signal Data and remote signal: from Mystic Protocol
Outputs
Opto22 digital control signal Data and remote signal: relay to Opto22 Controller
Functionality Assigned to
For multiple panel wiring. The panel interface connects the wire coupling from RS485 to the Mystic Protocol I/O board. Anthony Fucello II
10
Module Inputs
Mystic Protocol
Power: 24V DC Opto22 digital control signal readings from solar panel of ambient light Digital manual inputs
Outputs
Opto22 digital control signal manual switch - digital signal Replayed sensor data
Functionality
Assigned to
Module unit that is addressed to the Opto22 controller that contains classes of analog and digital I/O's that connect to system devices. Nathaniel Sapp
11
Module Inputs
Light Sensors
Power: 24V DC, 120V AC Ambient light
Outputs
Analog voltage reading
Functionality Assigned to
Device that consists of a solar panel inside the greenhouse that reads in ambient light and converts the energy into voltage. Nathaniel Sapp
12
Module Inputs
Bay Lights
Power: 240V AC Opto22 digital control signal Manual input from user - digital signal
Outputs
User input signal - digital
Functionality
Assigned to
Articial lighting to act as sunlight for plants. Lights will be placed on timers to add additional light at the end of each day as needed. Nathaniel Sapp
Module Inputs
Overhead Lighting
Power: 120V AC, 240V AC Opto22 digital control signal Manual input from user - digital signal
Outputs
User input signal - digital
Functionality
Assigned to
Basic light structure to utilize for visual needs. The lights will also be set to conserve energy by turning them o under set conditions. Nathaniel Sapp
13
2.1.1
Mystic Protocol
Figure 2.3: Level 3, Design of the Protocol
14
Module Inputs
Analog I/O Protocol
Power: 24V DC Readings from solar panel of ambient light
Outputs
Replayed sensor data
Functionality
Assigned to
Module unit that is addressed to the Opto22 that centers on Analog I/O's. The unit consists of 16 channels using thermal couples to measure temperature, pressure, and other changing variables. Nathaniel Sapp
Module Inputs
Digital I/O Protocol
Power: 24V DC Opto22 digital control signal Users digital input signal from remote access
Outputs
Opto22 digital control signal to connected device. Users digital input signal from remote access
Functionality
Assigned to
Module unit that is addressed to the Opto22 controller that contains classes of digital I/O's that connect to a systems devices. Contains the ability to turn devices on or o by timers and manual interface. Nathaniel Sapp 15
2.2
Temperature / Humidity
Figure 2.4: Level 2 design of the temperature / humidity subsystem
16
Module
Opto22 Controller - See Table 2.1 on page 10
Module
Remote Panel Interface - See Table 2.1 on page 10
Module Inputs
Mystic Protocol
Power: 24V DC Opto22 digital control signal Reading from temperature sensor Reading from humidity gauges digital manual input
Outputs
Opto22 digital control signal manual switch - digital signal Replayed sensor data
Functionality
Assigned to
Module unit that is addressed to the Opto22 controller that contains classes of analog and digital I/O's that connect to a systems devices. Nathaniel Sapp
17
Module Inputs
Temperature and humidity sensors.
Power: 24V DC, 120V AC Ambient temperature Ambient humidity
Outputs
Analog gauge readings
Functionality
Assigned to
Gauge that relays a analog signal to the Opto22 controller of the current temperature and humidity of the environment both inside and outside the greenhouse. Nathaniel Sapp
Module Inputs
Ventilation
Power: 24V DC, 120V AC Opto22 digital control signal Manual input from user - digital signal
Outputs
Users input signal - digital
Functionality
Assigned to
Control the louvers, fans, and motors that will create airow within the greenhouse. There are two 24V motors that open the 96ft length sides by temperature variations, along with several interlinked fans that will cause air to circulate. Nathaniel Sapp
18
Module Inputs
Heating
Power: 120V AC, 240V AC Opto22 digital control signal Manual input from user - digital signal
Outputs
User input signal - digital
Functionality
Assigned to
Control the heating to prevent freezing, primarily the watering supply tanks. The temperature inside the greenhouse needs to stay above freezing to prevent damage to both equipment and plants. Nathaniel Sapp
19
2.3
Nutrient Mixing
Figure 2.5: Level 2 design of the Water and Nutrient Mixing Subsystem
20
Module Inputs
Nutrient Solution Monitor
Power:120V AC, 24V DC Solution Data -analog signal, pH, and E.C. (electric con-
ductivity) levels in the circulating nutrient solution
Manual input from user-analog signal
Outputs
Sensor Readings: pH, and E.C. levels in the circulating
nutrient solution
Functionality Assigned to
Control, and monitor the pH and E.C. levels in the nutrient solution. Anthony Fucello II
Module Inputs
Nutrient Injector
Power: 240 VDC Manual input from user-digital signal Opto22 Digital Control signal
Outputs
User input-digital Signal
Functionality Assigned to
Controls the adding of nutrients to the circulating solution, aecting the pH, and E.C. levels in the nutrient solution. Anthony Fucello II
21
Module Inputs
Water Pump
Power: 240 VDC User input-digital signal Opto22 digital control
Outputs
User input - digital signal
Functionality Assigned to
Controls the amount of water of the circulating nutrient solution. This device does not monitor the water level. Anthony Fucello II
Module Inputs
Water/Solution Level Control
Power 240VDC User input-analog signal Opto22 -analog control
Outputs
User input - analog signal
Functionality
Assigned to
This will enable the user to monitor the amount. Monitors the amount of uid through circulating solenoid and oating ball values. Anthony Fucello II
22
2.4
Server
Figure 2.6: Level 2 design of the server Our server design consists of commodity PC hardware, and software that runs on top of it. The server software requirements are as follows:
23
Module Inputs
Web Interface
HTTP request: from a web browser over the internet or
local area network
Sensor Data: Temperature levels, Humidity levels, Wa-
ter levels, pH levels(acidity of the nutrient solution), Electro-Conductivity (EC) levels, and Light behavior recorded by the sensors.
Log data: formatted sensor data along with time stamps
Outputs
HTTP response: data sent back to the user's web
browser
Control: command to be sent to subsystem Scheduling information: commands to be sent at a
scheduled time, or under certain conditions.
Functionality Assigned to
Allows the user to monitor, congure, and interact with the system from a remote location. Damian Christey
24
Module Inputs
Modbus Master
Control: command to be sent to subsystem Scheduling information: commands to be sent at a
scheduled time, or under certain conditions.
Modbus response: message encoded in ASCII text
Outputs
Modbus request: address of PLC and register to read
or change, function code, and data encoded in ASCII text sensor attached to one of the various subsystems
Sensor data: Formatted data associated with a named
Functionality Assigned to
Allows programs to control and communicate with any Modbus compatible PLC. Damian Christey, Younus Khan Data Logger
Sensor data: Formatted data associated with a named
Module Inputs
sensor attached to one of the various subsystems
SQL: Structured Query Language
Outputs
Log data: formatted sensor data along with time stamps Processed data: for import into Excel spreadsheet
Functionality Assigned to
Records and analyzes sensor data from the various subsystems over time. Younus Khan 25
Module Inputs
Operating System
Software interfaces Hardware interfaces
Outputs
Software interfaces Hardware interfaces
Functionality Assigned to
Provides an interface between programs and hardware on the server. Preferably a Posix compliant Unix-like OS. Nobody - o the shelf component
26
The hardware requirements of our server are as follows:
Module Inputs
CPU
DC power < 12V
Functionality Assigned to
Central Processing Unit: Pentium II or higher Nobody - o the shelf component Memory
DC power < 12V
Module Inputs
Functionality Assigned to
RAM >= 128MB Nobody - o the shelf component Hard Disk
DC power < 12V
Module Inputs
Functionality Assigned to
Storage space >= 5GB storage space Nobody - o the shelf component
27
Module Inputs
Ethernet card
DC power < 12V TCP/IP network: RFC 791, RFC 793. Includes inter-
net connection and local area network. browser
HTTP response: data sent back to the user's web
Outputs
TCP/IP network HTTP request: from a web browser over the internet or
local area network
Functionality Assigned to Module Inputs
Speed >= 100Mbps Nobody - o the shelf component RS485 / RS232 serial port
DC power < 12V Modbus request: address of PLC and register to read
or change, function code, and data encoded in ASCII text
Data: signal over the wire from PLCs
Outputs
Modbus response: message encoded in ASCII text Control signal: signals sent over wire to PLCs
Functionality Assigned to
Standard serial communication port Nobody - o the shelf component
28
Module Inputs
Power Supply
AC power: 120V
Outputs
DC power: < 12V
Functionality Assigned to
Output power >= 300 Watts Nobody - o the shelf component
29
2.4.1
Master Controller
Figure 2.7: Level 3 design of the Master Controller
Module Inputs
Control Socket
Control: command to be sent to subsystem
Outputs
Command: Start or stop subsystem, get sensor data,
etc.
Functionality Assigned to
Unix socket that allows other programs running on the local computer to control the program Damian Christey, Younus Khan
30
Module Inputs
Conguration Database
Outputs
Conguration: Device address for named sensor or ac-
tuator
Functionality Assigned to
Associates Modbus device addresses with names for sensors and subsystems Damian Christey, Younus Khan
Module Inputs
Scheduler
Conguration: Device address for named sensor or ac-
tuator
Scheduling information: commands to be sent at a
scheduled time, or under certain conditions.
Return data
Outputs
Call script Command: Start or stop subsystem, get sensor data,
etc.
Functionality Assigned to
Runs scripts at specied times to determine what commands to send to subsystems Damian Christey, Younus Khan
31
Module Inputs
User scripts
Conguration: Device address for named sensor or ac-
tuator
Call script
Outputs
Return data Command: Start or stop subsystem, get sensor data,
etc.
Functionality Assigned to
Allows user to control system functionality through scripts Damian Christey, Younus Khan
32
2.4.2
Web Interface
Figure 2.8: Level 3 design of the Web Interface
Module Inputs
Apache Web Server
HTTP request: from a web browser over the internet or
local area network
Outputs
HTTP response: data sent back to the user's web
browser
Functionality Assigned to
Transfers data in the form of HTML web pages Nobody - o the shelf component
33
Module Inputs
SSL Encryption
HTTP request: from a web browser over the internet or
local area network
Outputs
HTTP response: data sent back to the user's web
browser
Authentication: User name / password combination
Functionality Assigned to
Secure Socket Layers - end to end encryption for all data transmitted over the internet Nobody - o the shelf component
Module Inputs
User Accounts
Authentication
Outputs
Access granted or denied
Functionality Assigned to
User accounts and passwords stored on the server. Required to access the system. Nobody - o the shelf component
34
Module Inputs
mod python
HTTP request: path to server side script along with
parameters
Outputs
Call functions: run Python scripts with parameters
passed in from request
HTML: output as web pages
Functionality Assigned to Module Inputs
Python modu...