WE ARE STILL ON NEWSPAPERS? MAGAZINES.
NO.
WE'VE MOVED TO
YEAH! 1955, TWO MEN ADMITTED TO THE LYNCHING I'M SORRY, THEY DIDN'T ADMIT TO IT IN EMMITT TILL, 14--YEAR-- THESE TWO ADMIT TODAY
OF EMMITT TILL.
1955, THE LYNCHING HAPPENED THEN. OLD LITTLE BLACK BOY WAS LYNCHED.
THE LYNCHING OF TILL AND THEN THEY SOLD THEIR STORY TO LOOK MAGAZINE. JOHN MILLAM AND ROY BRYANT. THEY ADMIT TODAY
THIS TERRIBLE CRIME ---- ADMITTED TO THIS TERRIBLE CRIME AND THEN SOLD THEIR STORY TO A JOURNALIST BY THE NAME OF WILLIAM BRADFORD HUEY WHO WORKED FOR LOOK MAGAZINE, HUGELY POPULAR MAGAZINE. REPORTS ARE THAT THEY WERE PAID BETWEEN
3300 AND 4 THOUSAND DOLLARS FOR THEIR EXCLUSIVE INTERVIEW. OR CONFESSION. PUBLIC. KATIA: 4 THOUSAND DOLLARS.
SO THEY LYNCHED THE KID AND ADMITTED IN AND MADE MONEY ON TOP OF IT.
THAT'S CRAZY.
THAT'S CRAZY. INSTRUCTOR: STUDENT: STUDENT: THAT'S CRAZY. I AGREE.
HOW DO YOU SPELL TILL? T--I--L--L-- COOL.
INSTRUCTOR: STUDENT: STUDENT:
WHAT YEAR WAS THAT AGAIN? 1955. OOH! YES. 1960'S, LIFE MAGAZINE PAID
INSTRUCTOR:
7 MERCURY ASS TRA NAUGHTS 5 HUNDRED THOUSAND DOLLARS FOR
THE EXCLUSIVE RIGHTS TO THEIR STORIES FOR THREE YEARS. ASTRONAUTS. MAGAZINE. 500 GRAND, 7 GUYS, EXCLUSIVE RIGHTS, LIFE I MENTION THIS BECAUSE THERE IS SUCH A THING AS AND IT CONTINUES TODAY. NOT JUST
CHECKBOOK JOURNALISM.
IN MAGAZINES, BUT THAT'S A MEDIUM THAT WE'RE TALKING ABOUT TODAY. MAGAZINE. AMERICA'S FIRST TRULY NATIONAL MEDIUM WAS THE IN COLONIAL DAYS, THE WORD MAGAZINE ITSELF IT MEANT DEPOSITORY. AND SO EARLY
MEANT "WAREHOUSE".
MAGAZINES SORT OF PATTERNED THEMSELVES AFTER A WAREHOUSE. LOTS OF DIFFERENT PIECES OF INFORMATION. OPINION PIECES
AND FACTS AND HUMAN INTEREST TOPICS AND ---- DESPITE ALL THAT, EARLY MAGAZINES COULDN'T TURN A PROFIT. . DURING
THE PERIOD BETWEEN 1820 AND 1860, WHICH IS ALSO THE BIG PERIOD FOR THE PENNY PRESS, BUT DURING THAT PERIOD, MAGAZINES REALLY FLOURISHED. WHY? BECAUSE FINALLY THEY SO THAT
APPEALED TO ALL OF US, THE MASS AUDIENCE.
MAGAZINES SORT OF WERE PARALLELING ---- I DON'T KNOW IF THAT IS A WORD, PARALLELING. THAT IS A WORD. PARALLELING? I DON'T KNOW IF
WORD SIMILAR TO ---- SINCE I DON'T KNOW IF
PARALLELING IS A WORD ---- WERE SIMILAR TO PENNY PRESS NEWSPAPERS. MAGAZINES STARTED LOOKING AT A NEW TARGET, MAGAZINES ALSO HAD
WHICH WAS MIDDLE CLASS WOMEN.
SENSATIONALIZING OF THE NEWS BUT FOR THE MOST PART, THEY REALLY HAD SOLID WRITING, PEOPLE WHO WERE AMERICA'S BEST
WRITERS WORKED FOR THE MAGAZINES.
BETWEEN 1860 AND 1900,
IT SAID THAT THERE WAS A 700% INCREASE IN THE NUMBER OF NEW MAGAZINES. BOOM? STUDENT: BETWEEN 1860 AND 1880? 1900. WHY WAS THERE THIS POPULARITY
STRUCK TOUR:
ONE REASON WAS BECAUSE WE HAD IMPROVED PRINTING YOU KNOW, THERE JUST EXISTED MORE EFFICIENT WHICH, OF COURSE, LOWERED THE ANOTHER
TECHNIQUES.
PRINTING ABILITIES. PRICES.
IT'S ONE REASON FOR THIS BIG BOOM.
REASON, THERE WAS A NATIONAL AUDIENCE AND WHEN YOU HAVE A NATIONAL AUDIENCE, YOU ARE GOING TO HAVE ADVERTISERS. WHICH, OF COURSE, OFFSETS THE COST. ANOTHER REASON FOR
THIS BIG BOOM IN THE MAGAZINE INDUSTRY, THE POSTAL ACT OF 1879. THE POSTAL ACT OF 1879 INTRODUCED SECOND CLASS
RATES, WHICH GIVES MAGAZINES QUITE A DISCOUNT IN THEIR MAILING RATES BECAUSE THEY CAN MAIL THEM CHEAPER. MAGAZINES ARE STILL SHIPPED SECOND CLASS. SO GIVING
MAGAZINES QUITE A DISCOUNT IN THEIR MAILING PRIVILEGES. ANOTHER REASON FOR THIS BIG BOOM FOR MAGAZINES, THE MAGAZINES THEMSELVES HAVE LOWER PRICES. THEY HAD BIGGER CIRCULATION. WHY? BECAUSE
IT SAID THAT 1893, THE
LADIES HOME JOURNAL HAD A CIRCULATION OF 700 THOUSAND PEOPLE. AMAZING! THERE'S A MAGAZINE
MAGAZINES ARE NARROWLY TARGETED.
FOR EVERY INTEREST.
THERE'S A MAGAZINE ABOUT BROCCOLI FOR
PEOPLE THAT LIKE BROCCOLI. KATIA: THERE IS? THERE IS. CAN YOU IMAGINE? IT'S
INSTRUCTOR:
LIKE HOW MANY THINGS CAN YOU SAY. IT, YOU PUT CHEESE ON IT.
YOU STEAM IT, YOU BOIL
THAT'S IT. SO THEY CAN
MAGAZINES ARE VERY NARROWLY TARGETED.
ATTRACT ADVERTISERS THAT ARE INTERESTED IN REACHING VERY SPECIFIC AUDIENCES. STUDENT: OOH, BLESS YOU!
THANK YOU. AND MAGAZINES BEGAN TO BE NARROWLY THEY FIRST CAME OUT WITH SORT
INSTRUCTOR:
TARGETED RELATIVELY SOON.
OF THIS WAREHOUSE IDEA, A LOT OF DIFFERENT TOPICS AND PRETTY SOON MAGAZINES BECAME NICHE MARKETS. THAT MAGAZINES SORT OF FOLLOWED NEWSPAPERS. I TOLD YOU THEY ALSO
FOLLOWED NEWSPAPERS IN HAVING THIS SORT OF CRUSADING SPIRIT. THE WAY IN WHICH THEY WOULD WRITE ARTICLES. YOU HAD THE BEST BUT
MAGAZINES TOOK IT A STEP FURTHER.
WRITERS REALLY DOING EXPOSES AND REPORTING ON AS TO WHAT WAS HAPPENING. THESE CRUSADING SORT OF WRITERS WHO WERE
PART OF A REFORM MOVEMENT WOULD WRITE SORT OF THE SMUT OF WHAT IS HAPPENING IN THE WORLD (THE WORD ABOVE IS CRUSADE) AND BIG BUSINESS AND THE GOVERNMENT DIDN'T LIKE IT. DIDN'T LIKE THEIR DIRTY LAUNDRY BEING AIRED. IN FACT THEY
PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT WOULD CALL MAGAZINE WRITERS WITH THAT CRUSADING SPIRIT MUCKRAKERS. HE CALLED THEM MUCKRAKERS.
MUCK RAKING IS WHEN MEMBERS OF THE PRESS CRUSADE AGAINST OR EXPOSE CORRUPTION. STUDENT: MUCK RAIDERS? MUCK RAKING. SO MEMBERS OF THE PRESS
INSTRUCTOR:
CRUSADE AGAINST CORRUPTION AND SOCIAL ABUSES IN BUSINESS AND IN GOVERNMENT. MUCKRAKERS ADDRESS A LOT OF TOPICS. THEY TALKED ABOUT THE
THEY TALKED ABOUT CHILD LABOR. PRISONS.
LOTS OF STORIES ABOUT THE CORPORATIONS AND AND SO THESE EXPOSES LED PEOPLE TO
INSURANCE COMPANIES.
BE A LOT MORE INFORMED AND ONCE PEOPLE WERE MORE INFORMED, THEY PUT PRESSURE ON THE LEGISLATORS TO PASS AND ENFORCE NEW LAWS. MUCKRAKERS. SO IT'S JUST INTERESTING. IDA TARBEL. SOME FAMOUS
SHE WAS A JOURNALIST THAT WROTE MCCLURE'S
A SERIES OF STORIES IN MCCLURE'S MAGAZINE.
MAGAZINE WAS A BIG MAGAZINE AND TARBEL WORKED FOR THEM AND SHE TURNED A LOT OF THE ARTICLES THAT SHE WROTE FOR THEM INTO A BOOK CALLED "HISTORY OF THE STANDARD OIL COMPANY." BECAUSE A LOT OF HER EXPOSES WERE ABOUT THE OIL COMPANY. SHE, AT ONE TIME WAS THE LEADING MUCKRAKER BECAUSE OF HER INVESTIGATIONS INTO STANDARD OIL COMPANY. ANOTHER MUCKRAKER, HIS NAME WAS SAMUEL HOPKINS ADAMS. I KNOW YOU'RE THINKING OF SAMUEL ADAMS LIKE THE
BEER.
SAMUEL ADAMS WAS A JOURNALIST WITH THE NEW YORK SUN
BETWEEN 1891 AND 1900 AND THEN LATER HE JOINED MCCLURE'S MAGAZINE, AS WELL, WHERE HE GAINED QUITE A REPUTATION AS A MUCKRAKER. HIS HOOK WAS HE PRIMARILY WAS CONCERNED ABOUT BUT SAMUEL ADAMS,
CONDITIONS OF PUBLIC HEALTH IN THE U.S. BIG MUCKRAKER.
HE ALSO WHERE A SERIES OF ARTICLES FOR
COLLIER'S WEEKLY MAGAZINE IN WHICH HE EXPOSED PATENT MEDICINES AND A LOT OF PROBLEMS WITH MEDICINES THAT WERE BEING USED IN A BIG ARTICLE HE HAD CALLED "THE GREAT AMERICAN FRAUD." WOW! STUDENT: WHAT WAS THIS IN? IN THE COLLIER'S WEEKLY MAGAZINE. IT
INSTRUCTOR:
SOUNDS LIKE A CORNY TITLE BUT IT WAS A HUGE ARTICLE AND THE PUBLICATION OF THOSE ARTICLES THAT HE WROTE FOLLOWED BY OTHERS THAT HE WROTE IN SE 1905 AND 1906, SO OUT RAGED THE PUBLIC THAT CONGRESS WAS FINALLY ABLE TO ENACT THE FIRST OF SEVERAL PURE FOOD AND DRUG ACTS FINALLY ENDING WITH THE PURE FOOD AND DRUG ACT IN 1906. CAUSED BIG CHANGES TO HAPPEN. ANOTHER BIG MUCKRAKER WAS UPTON SINCLAIRE. ANOTHER FAMOUS MUCKRAKER. JUNGLE". ABOUT IT. HE WAS SO THOSE EXPOSES REALLY
HE PUBLISHED A BOOK CALLED "THE
YOU MIGHT HAVE READ THAT IN SCHOOL OR HEARD I THINK ABOUT "THE JUNGLE" AND I THINK LA. HE WROTE A BOOK
THERE'S THAT SECTION CALLED THE JUNGLE.
THAT FOCUSED ON THE FOOD PACKING INDUSTRY.
HE STUDIED THE
CHICAGO STOCKYARDS THAT PACKED MEAT AND HE FOUND, IN A LOT OF CASES, THAT THE STOCKYARDS WERE HOLDING FOOD THAT WAS ALREADY CONTAMINATED. THAT. HE ALSO WROTE A BOOK IN 1927 CALLED "OIL" WHICH WAS ABOUT OIL MAGNETS GIVING BRIBES TO POLITICIANS IN EXCHANGE FOR FAVORS. SO ---- IN FACT, THERE WAS A BOOK ---- A MOVIE SO ANYWAY, HE WROTE A LOT ABOUT
ABOUT THIS LIKE A COUPLE OF YEARS ABOUT THIS "THERE WILL BE BLOOD" ANYBODY SEE THAT MOVIE WITH DANIEL DAY LOUIS? ANYWAY, IT WAS ALL ABOUT THAT. THIS WHOLE BOOK IN 1927
CALLED "OIL" AND IS VERY INTERESTING. WRITERS ARE TRYING TO CREATE VISIONS OF THE WORLD. BUT THEY ARE NOT NECESSARILY TRYING TO GET ELECTED. THEN
YOU HAVE THOSE PEOPLE THAT ARE TRYING TO GET ELECTED AND STAY ELECTED OR STAY IN CERTAIN BUSINESS JOBS. SO WHAT WE AND
HAVE THEN IS THIS CLASH OF VISIONS, WHICH CONTINUES.
AGAIN, THE DEGREE OF MUTUAL INCOMPREHENSION BETWEEN THESE TWO IS VERY GREAT. WRITERS. AND BETWEEN ELECTED OFFICIALS AND
AND SO SOMETHING HAPPENED RELATED TO MUCK RAKING IT'S A STORY. IT'S A
THAT I WANT TO TELL YOU ABOUT. TRUE STORY.
THERE WAS A FANTASTIC BELL IN THE UNITED STATES. WE DEVELOPED THIS BELL. AND WE LOWERED
THIS BELL TO THE BOTTOM OF THE OCEAN FLOOR AND WHAT WAS THIS BELL DOING? IT WAS COVERING A SOVIET
CABLE AND IT WAS THE CABLE, IN FACT, THROUGH WHICH THE SOVIET GOVERNMENT WAS COMMUNICATING WITH ALL OF THEIR AGENTS ALL AROUND THE WORLD. SO WE
CREATED ---- THE UNITED STATES CREATED THIS BELL THAT WOULD COVER THIS CABLE AND WE HAD A LITTLE RECORDING DEVICE THERE AND WE COULD RECORD ALL OF THEIR COMMUNICATION. THE SOVIETS THOUGHT THIS
CABLE WAS SO SECURE THAT IT WASN'T EVEN CODED. SO THE UNITED STATES SORT OF HAD A TAPE RECORDER ON THIS BELL AND EVERY SO OFTEN WE WOULD GO DOWN AND CHANGE THE CARTRIDGE AND LISTEN TO WHAT IS HAPPENING. A WASHINGTON POST REPORTER FOUND HIS NAME IS WOODWARD. HE
OUT ABOUT THIS BELL.
LATER BECAME VERY FAMOUS FOR THE WHOLE WATERGATE THING. BUT WOODWARD FOUND OUT ABOUT THIS BELL. WHY? BECAUSE IT
BUT HE COULDN'T RUN THE STORY.
WAS SAID THAT IT WAS A STORY OF NATIONAL SECURITY AND WHAT HE FOUND OUT ---- WHEN HE FOUND OUT ABOUT THE BELL, THE BELL WAS STILL IN OPERATION. DIDN'T RUN THE STORY. FOR AWHILE. OKAY SO HE
HE JUST KIND OF SAT ON IT
A COUPLE OF MONTHS LATER, WOODWARD HEARD THAT
THE BELL WAS ---- IT WAS CALLED IB BELL ---- WAS MISSING. THAT SOME DIVER WENT DOWN THERE TO IT
CHANGE THE CARTRIDGE AND THE BELL WAS GONE.
TURNS OUT THAT THE SOVIETS HAD DISCOVERED OUR BELL THAT WAS OVER THEIR CABLES AND SO THEY TOOK IT. THEY TOOK THE CABLES, THEY TOOK THE BELL. AND IN
FACT, THIS WASHINGTON POST REPORTER HEARD THAT THEY TOOK THE BELL AND THEY PUT IT ON EXHIBIT IN MOSCOW. WELL, NOW WOODWARD FEELS THE BELL IS
GONE, HE FEELS LIKE NOW I CAN WRITE THE STORY THINKING THAT YOU ARE NOT TELLING THE SOVIETS ANYTHING THEY DIDN'T KNOW, THEY ALREADY KNOW AND THEY'VE TAKEN THE BELL. WELL, THE HEAD OF THE CIA FOUND OUT HE WAS GOING TO WRITE THIS STORY AND HE RAISED A LOT OF HELL ABOUT IT SAYING WE DON'T WANT TO TELL PEOPLE THAT WE HAVE THE BELL OR THAT WE DON'T HAVE THE BELL OR THAT WE HAD IT AND NOW IT'S MISSING. SAID, AGAIN, IT WAS A MATTER OF NATIONAL SECURITY. HE ESPECIALLY DIDN'T WANT TO TELL THE HE
AMERICAN PEOPLE THAT WE HAD IT AND THEN LOST IT. THE WHITE HOUSE GOT INVOLVED AND SAID THAT THEY WOULD PROSECUTE WOODWARD IF THEY TOLD THE STORY. THE WASHINGTON POST HAS THIS RULE THAT IF
ANYBODY THREATENS LIKE THAT, THAT THEY ARE GOING TO PROSECUTE YOU, THEY SIT ON THE STORY AND WAIT FOR ABOUT 24 HOURS AND THEN THEY RUN THE STORY. THEN THE WHITE HOUSE PERSUADED THEM TO WAIT AN ADDITIONAL 24 HOURS BEFORE THEY WOULD RUN THE STORY AND SO THEY AGREED AND THEY SAID, OKAY. BEFORE SO
THAT SECOND 24 HOUR PERIOD WAS UP, NBC NEWS HAD GOTTEN WIND OF THE STORY AND RAN IT. WELL, OF
COURSE THE WASHINGTON POST WAS LIVID BECAUSE THEY FELT WE'VE EXERCISED ON THE SIDE OF CAUTION AND IT SORT OF COST THEM THE STORY. SO PEOPLE WHO AGREE WITH MUCK RAKING LIKE ROOSEVELT WOULD ASK WHY DID THE PEOPLE NEED TO KNOW ABOUT THE BELL IN THE FIRST PLACE BECAUSE HE WOULD SAY TELLING PEOPLE ABOUT THE BELL THAT WE HAD AND THEN WE LOST THE BELL AND NOW THE SOVIETS ARE SORT OF HAVING A GOOD TIME LAUGHING AT US BY SHOWING THE BELL TO ALL OF THEIR PEOPLE IS MUCK RAKING AND THEN THERE ARE OTHER PEOPLE ---- AND, THEREFORE, IT WOULD HURT PUBLIC SENTIMENT THAT WE HAD THAT KIND OF CAPABILITY AND LOST IT AND MAYBE THE PUBLIC COULDN'T HANDLE KNOWING. MY QUESTION FOR YOU IS
ARE THERE TIMES WHEN THIS MUCK RAKING IS WRONG LIKE IN THE CASE OF THIS IB BELL? COULD IT HAVE BEEN
BETTER FOR THE PUBLIC ---- US ---- TO HAVE NEVER EVEN KNOWN ABOUT THE BELL? THAT OUR NATIONAL SECURITY
ISN'T THAT GREAT, PEOPLE COME ALONG AND TAKE IT RIGHT UNDERNEATH OUR NOSE AND ---- OR DO YOU THINK THERE ARE SOME THINGS THAT WE, AS A PEOPLE, DON'T NEED TO KNOW. RAKING.
KATIA: I THINK THAT THERE ARE THINGS THAT THEY
YOUR THOUGHTS AS IT RELATES TO MUCK
SHOULDN'T PUBLISH ESPECIALLY WITH NATIONAL SECURITY AND ESPECIALLY NOWADAYS WITH WHAT IS GOING ON WITH TOURISTS. THERE ARE SOME THINGS THAT WE PROBABLY DON'T NEED TO KNOW THAT IS NATIONAL SECURITY. INSTRUCTOR: KATIA: YES. SORT OF PROTECTING. BECAUSE OTHERWISE YOU WILL GIVE THE
TERRORIST TOO MUCH INFORMATION. INSTRUCTOR: OKAY. IN FACT THAT HAPPENED.
ANYBODY RECALL THE TIME WHEN THE REPORTER ---- TRYING TO THINK HOW IT WENT ---- REPORTER WENT ALONG WITH THE MILITARY, RODE ALONG WITH THE MILITARY TO GET THE STORY OF WHAT WAS HAPPENING IN THE WAR AND THEN REPORTED, IN THEIR PIECE, WHERE THEY WERE. YOU KNOW, WHAT HE SAW, WHAT WAS GOING ON AND THEN THE GOVERNMENT WAS REALLY
AND WHERE THEY WERE.
LIVID THAT THIS REPORTER HAD REVEALED WHERE WE WERE, YOU KNOW, GEOGRAPHY IN TERMS OF THE WAR BECAUSE THEN OUR
ENEMIES ARE ALSO HEARING EXACTLY WHERE WE WERE. BAD. STUDENT:
THAT WAS
I THINK IT WOULD BE BETTER IF THEY COULD
LEARN TO WORK TOGETHER AND THAT WAY BOTH SIDES OF THE ISSUE COULD BE DEALT WITH AND MORE PEOPLE COULD BE HAPPY. INSTRUCTOR: YEAH. WE SEEM TO HAVE A LOT OF
TROUBLE WITH THAT PART. STUDENT: WELL, WE ALSO HAVE THE RIGHT TO KNOW IF
OUR GOVERNMENT IS SCREWING UP. INSTRUCTOR: STUDENT: THAT'S RIGHT.
IF OUR NATIONAL SECURITY IS SO BAD THAT
RUSSIA IS STEALING IT RIGHT FROM UNDER OUR NOSES, THEN MAYBE WE NEED TO GET SOME BETTER PEOPLE FOR THE JOB AND WE SHOULD KNOW THAT BECAUSE WE ARE ---- WE DO VOTE FOR OUR LEADERS. INSTRUCTOR: STUDENT: THAT'S RIGHT.
AND IF THE PRESIDENT, FOR INSTANCE, IT
WAS HIS FIRST TERM, THEN MAYBE KNOWING THAT WE WOULDN'T VOTE FOR A SECOND. INSTRUCTOR: YEAH. YEAH. WHEN THERE'S A
CONFLICT BETWEEN THE LIBERTY OF SPEECH AND THE BELIEFS OF PRIVATE INDIVIDUALS, WHICH WOULD TAKE PRECEDENCE? OF SPEECH, BELIEFS OF PRIVATE CITIZENS. LIBERTY
YOU HAVE THE
GOVERNMENT SAYING "DON'T TELL THEM ANYTHING, WE'RE GOING TO
LOOK RIDICULOUS." WE HAVE THE PEOPLE SAYING, "TELL US AND TELL US EVERYTHING." WHO IS RIGHT? PRECEDENCE? WHICH SHOULD BE FIRST? WHICH SHOULD TAKE WHICH SHOULD BE
CONSIDERED FIRST? STUDENT: I DON'T THINK IT SHOULD MATTER WHETHER OR I THINK IF IT'S A MATTER OF
NOT THEY LOOK RIDICULOUS.
NATIONAL SECURITY AND LIKE THE PUBLIC'S SAFETY, THEN NOTHING NEEDS TO BE SAID ABOUT IT, YOU KNOW. PEOPLE DON'T
NEED TO KNOW QUITE YET IF IT'S GOING TO PUT EVERYONE IN JEOPARDY BUT IF IT'S THE GOVERNMENT JUST NOT WANTING TO LOOK BAD, I DON'T THINK THAT THEY SHOULD BE ABLE TO STOP THINGS FROM BEING REPORTED. INSTRUCTOR: I REMEMBER ---- THIS IS PROBABLY THE IT'S BEEN AWHILE.
EARLY 80'S.
GOSH, I CAN'T REMEMBER.
I HAD SOME COUSINS THAT WERE IN CHICAGO THAT WERE DYING OF AIDS AND THEY IN FACT DID DIE OF AIDS. OTHER IN TIME. VERY CLOSE TO EACH
AND I REMEMBER THAT, YOU KNOW, WE WENT TO
CREATE ALL THE ARRANGEMENTS AND SO FORTH AND THE STATE OF ILLINOIS DID NOT WANT THEM PUT IN THE GROUND. THE STATE
OF ILLINOIS SAID THEY DIED OF AIDS, YOU HAVE TO CREMATE THEM AND I OF COURSE SAID, "WHAT? WHEN DID THIS HAPPEN?"
AT THAT TIME, THEY WOULD NOT LET US PUT THEM IN THE GROUND. WE HAD TO CREMATE THEM. SO OF COURSE I WAS ALL
UPSET GOING, OH, MY GOD, DOES THAT MEAN THAT YOU KNOW
SOMETHING?
I MEAN, PEOPLE ---- THEY ARE DEAD.
SO WHAT'S
GOING TO HAPPEN IF YOU PUT PEOPLE IN THE GROUND WHO DIED OF AIDS? WHAT DOES THE GOVERNMENT KNOW THAT THEY ARE NOT I WAS
TELLING US THAT THEY DON'T WANT THEM IN THE GROUND?
RUNNING ALL AROUND TRYING TO WRITE A STORY ABOUT IT AND TRYING TO WRITE A STORY AND CRYING ABOUT IT. WRECK. I WAS JUST A
IN THE END, I LOST THE BATTLE BECAUSE THE
GOVERNMENT SAID YOU CAN'T PUT THEM IN THE GROUND AND I DIDN'T GET TO PUT THEM IN THE GROUND. SINCE THEN, I UNDERSTAND THAT THAT IS NOT HAPPENING. THANK GOD. BUT I NEVER REALLY DID GET TO THE BOTTOM OF IT
AND I REMEMBER TALKING TO THE EDITOR ABOUT IT SAYING WE SHOULD BE WRITING A PIECE ABOUT THIS AND HIM SAYING YOU ARE TOO CLOSE TO THIS. BUT I REMEMBER THINKING WE SHOULD
WRITE A PIECE ABOUT THIS THAT PEOPLE SHOULD KNOW THAT THE STATE THINKS THERE IS SOME RISK WITH A CORPSE THAT HAS DIED OF AIDS. THAT IF THE STATE THINKS THERE'S A RISK, THEN WE LIKE I
SHOULD KNOW ABOUT IT AND YET IT NEVER GOT OUT. SAID, IT'S NOT THE CASE NOW.
HAD SOMETHING LIKE THAT GONE IS IT BETTER
OUT, WOULD PEOPLE HAVE GOTTEN INTO A PANIC?
FOR US TO NOT KNOW AND LET OFFICIALS FIND OUT MORE TO KEEP US ---- BECAUSE YOU KNOW, WE CAN FREAK OUT. WE THOUGHT THE WORLD WAS GOING TO END? REMEMBER WHEN
WHAT WAS THAT YEAR?
THAT WE THOUGHT THE WORLD WAS GOING TO END BECAUSE THE Y2K
BUG AND PEOPLE HAS ALL THESE BEANS AND STUFF IN THEIR BASEMENT AND ---- (LAUGHTER) ---- WE ALL THOUGHT, OH, MY GOD, WE'RE GOING TO DIE. MODE. WE CAN KIND OF GET INTO FREAK OUT
IS IT BETTER FOR US TO NOT KNOW THINGS BECAUSE WE OR IS THIS JUST THE GOVERNMENT COVERING
WILL FREAK OUT? THEIR ASS?
BACK THERE, YOUR THOUGHTS. I THINK IT'S BETTER BECAUSE WE SIT HERE
STUDENT:
AND SAY, LIKE, CURRENT EVENTS, LIKE KOREA IS POINTING A BOMB AT US, WE WOULD ALL FREAK OUT AND GO CRAZY BUT IF THEY KEEP STUFF LIKE THAT, WE JUST KIND OF SPECULATE ABOUT IT AND THERE'S NOT A MASS HYSTERIA. INSTRUCTOR: YEAH, WE WOULD. TRUE. TRUE. I
HAVE A FRIEND THAT IS IN THE MILITARY ---- A FRIEND OF ---- HER HUSBAND IS IN THE MILITARY ---- THIS IS MAYBE TWO YEARS AGO WHEN WE HEAR ON THE NEWS WE ARE GOING TO BE PULLING OUT OF IRAQ AND HE HAD BEEN TO IRAQ ALREADY. WE ARE GOING TO BE
PULLING OUT OF IRAQ AND IT'S GOING TO HAPPEN IN THE NEXT TWO YEARS AND DO YOU REMEMBER WHEN WE WERE HEARING THAT QUITE A BIT? AT THAT SAME TIME, HE WAS TOLD WITHIN TWO
YEARS, YOU ARE GOING BACK AND IT WAS SO INTERESTING BECAUSE I'M READING THE PAPER AND WATCHING THE NEWS SAYING WE ARE PULLING OUT OF IRAQ, PULLING OUR TROOPS OUT, THAT'S IT, WE'RE ENDING IT AND THEN ON THE OTHER HAND, YOU HAVE MILITARY PEOPLE WHO ALREADY HAVE ORDERS ---- SORT OF QUASI
ORDERS, THEY KNOW THAT THEY ARE COMING DOWN FOR THAT SAME TIME FRAME AND THEY ---- UM, THEY ---- THEY DON'T FEEL FREE TO SPEAK TO THE MEDIA. LET'S PUT IT THAT WAY. THEY BETTER
NOT SPEAK TO THE MEDIA ABOUT THESE KINDS OF THINGS BECAUSE THEY, OF COURSE, WORK FOR THE MILITARY AND THAT COULD BE A NATIONAL SECURITY BREACH. SO IT'S INTERESTING THAT WE HOW OFTEN
HAVE TO GET OUR NEWS AND INFORMATION SOMEWHERE. DO YOU THINK THAT HAPPENS?
WHERE WE ARE TOLD SOMETHING BUT HOW OFTEN DO YOU REALLY
THE OPPOSITE IS IN FACT TRUE? THINK THAT HAPPENS?. STUDENT:
THE MAJORITY OF THE TIME.
I DON'T TRUST
POLITICIANS AT ALL.
IT'S RAN BY POLITICIANS AND CORPORATE
AND I JUST DON'T TRUST IT. INSTRUCTOR: STUDENT: YES?
THERE'S A LOT OF TOPICS THAT PEOPLE WOULD I MEAN, YEAH, THINGS LIKE, OKAY, BUT THE
PROBABLY LIKE TO KNOW. THE WAR IN IRAQ.
WHAT IS GOING ON WITH THAT?
GENERAL PUBLIC IS NOT ---- THEY ARE NOT MILITARY STRATEGISTS SO I THINK TO SAY THAT WE ARE PULLING OUT OF IRAQ, MAYBE COME PAT FORCES ARE BUT THERE'S A LOT OF DETAILS THAT MAYBE MOST PEOPLE DON'T UNDERSTAND SO WHEN YOU PUBLISH SOMETHING, IT'S LIKE, YEAH, IN THE CONTEXT OF THAT FIELD, THIS STATEMENT IS TRUE BUT AS THE GENERAL PUBLIC MISINTERPRETS THINGS ALL THE TIME, I THINK, AND IT LENDS ITSELF TO
CONFUSING AND, LIKE I SAID, THIS SORT OF MASS HYSTERIA SOMETIMES AND IT GETS OUT OF CONTROL BECAUSE WE TAKE THINGS THE WRONG WAY. INSTRUCTOR: STUDENT: RIGHT. YES?
BUT I DON'T THINK THAT THEY SHOULD BE
ALLOWED TO PUT US IN HYSTERIA WHEN THEY FEEL LIKE IT. DOES THAT MAKE SENSE? I FEEL LIKE WITH SEPTEMBER 11TH,
THERE WAS THIS BIG LIKE HYSTERIA FEAR THAT WAS PUT INTO PEOPLE WHICH THEN ALLOWED THE GOVERNMENT TO DO ---- NOT NECESSARILY WHAT AMERICANS WOULD WANTED TO DO IF THEY HAD A LEVEL HEAD. ENOUGH. I FEEL LIKE THEY MANIPULATE OUR POPULATION. INTERESTING. BY TELLING US JUST
INSTRUCTOR:
YOU FEEL LIKE ---- AH! DO YOU THINK THERE WAS MORE
HAPPENING OR KNOWN WITH 9/11 THAN WE ACTUALLY GET TOLD?. STUDENT: YEAH AND I THINK IT KEEPS GETTING OUT
OVER TIME THE MORE PEOPLE RESEARCH IT, THE MORE CORRUPTION WAS INVOLVED. BUT I JUST ---- I DON'T THINK THAT THEY
SHOULD CONTROL OUR MEDIA AND I FEEL THAT WE HAVE A RIGHT TO KNOW WHATEVER WE WANT TO KNOW. INSTRUCTOR: STUDENT: EVERYTHING. AND WITHOUT FILTERS.
RIGHT.
I THINK IT JUST ---- I THINK IT ---- LIKE
I DON'T LIKE THE GOVERNMENT SO INVOLVED IN MY LIFE.
IF I CAN BURY SOMEONE OR IF I CAN'T OR IF I CAN TRAVEL OVER HERE OR I CAN'T ---- LIKE I JUST, I JUST ---- I AM NOT INTO
POLITICS BEING IN MY WAY OF LIVING OR IN MY WAY OF THINKING OR HOW I INTERPRET THINGS. I THINK IT MAKES US LOOK
REALLY STUPID TO THE REST OF THE WORLD. INSTRUCTOR: HM... YEAH, I THINK A LOT OF PEOPLE
FEEL THAT WAY THAT I WANT TO LIVE MY LIFE, I DON'T WANT ANY GOVERNMENT INTERFERENCE AND I WANT COMPLETELY UNFILTERED NEWS, WHICH VERY DIFFICULT TO GET THAT. STUDENT: I THINK THAT WOULD BE REALLY BAD, TOO, IF
YOU HAD COMPLETELY UNFILTERED NEWS LIKE ESPECIALLY WITH THE RAMIFICATIONS THAT IT WOULD HAVE ON THE ECONOMY AND STUFF BECAUSE IF PEOPLE DID KNOW SEPTEMBER 11TH WAS GOING TO HAPPEN, LEADING UP TO THAT, IT WOULDN'T HAVE BEEN, YOU KNOW, ---- I DON'T KNOW, I JUST THINK THAT THERE'S A LOT OF ---- THERE CAN BE PROBLEMS WITH THAT. INSTRUCTOR: YEAH. THAT THERE CAN BE A PROBLEM
WHEN WE KNOW TOO MUCH? THAT. STUDENT: I MEAN YES AND NO. I FEEL LIKE NOW STUDENT: YEAH. DO YOU AGREE? YOU'RE NOT SURE ABOUT
INSTRUCTOR:
BECAUSE WE'VE BEEN SO CONDITIONED TO NOT KNOWING THINGS LIKE IT WOULD BE A HORRIBLE THING TO ALL OF A SUDDEN TO BE LIKE, HOLY CRAP! ALL OF THIS IS GOING ON. BUT HAD WE
BEEN INFORMED FROM THE GET GO, IT WOULD BE ---- WE WOULD HAVE
A NEW ATTITUDE. DIFFERENT.
HOW WE APPROACH THE SITUATION WOULD BE
WE WOULDN'T FREAK OUT WITH BOMB THREATS OR
WHATEVER, WE WOULD DEAL WITH THE SITUATION. STUDENT: I THINK THAT THE REAL PROBLEM IS THE FACT
THAT THERE'S A PROBLEM WITH KNOWING SO MUCH. YES? STUDENT: BUT I THINK THAT THEY ALSO LIKE LIKE THEY WILL NEVER SEE A DEAD YOU WILL NEVER SEE LIKE BLOODY INSTRUCTOR: YEAH. YEAH. I AGREE WITH THAT.
MANIPULATE THE TRUTH. BODY ON AMERICAN NEWS.
GUTS ANDS GORE AND I FEEL LIKE YOU DON'T UNDERSTAND THE SITUATION AND YOU DON'T FEEL COMPASSION FOR IT BECAUSE YOU DON'T KNOW THE WHOLE TRUTH AND I THINK LIKE THAT REPORTER WHO DID THE PICTURES OF THOSE BODIES THAT WERE FLOWN BY THE PLANE AND SHE GOT FIRED AND I THOUGHT THAT WAS RIDICULOUS AND I THINK THAT'S THINGS THAT WE NEED TO KNOW. WE NEED
TO KNOW WHAT WE'RE ALLOWING TO HAPPEN AND IS THAT HOW WE WANT OURSELVES REPRESENTING AS AMERICAN CITIZENS FOR EVERYBODY. INSTRUCTOR: YOU ARE RIGHT IN THAT THE MEDIA ---- OUR
U.S. MEDIA HAS SOME FILTERS ON IT WHEN IT COMES TO SHOWING DEAD BODIES, THAT INTERNATIONAL NEWS DOESN'T HAVE. ANOTHER RESTRICTION THAT WE HAVE IS WE DON'T REALLY LIKE TO SHOW WOMEN AND CHILDREN WHO ARE DEAD. THAT IF YOU HAVE TO
FLASH ACROSS A DEAD BODY, IT BETTER BE MALE BECAUSE IN OUR SOCIETY, WE CAN'T HANDLE THE REALITY OF THAT CHILDREN DIE IN WAR AND WOMEN DIE IN WAR AND THAT'S TOO MUCH OF ---- THAT'S OUTSIDE OF OUR PARADIGM SO WHAT OUR MEDIA DOES IS KEEPS US FROM SEEING IMAGES OF DEAD CHILDREN EVEN THOUGH, YOU ARE RIGHT, IT DOES HAPPEN. STUDENT: BUT IT HIDES THE TRUTH. IT DOES. IN THAT WAY, IT DOES.
INSTRUCTOR: STUDENT:
WHAT ABOUT ---- I DON'T KNOW BECAUSE LIKE
WITH THE SITUATION IN IRAN, THEY'VE BEEN SHOWING SOME IMAGES OF PEOPLE LIKE BLOODY AND THE MESS AND EVERYONE IS CROWDING AROUND THEM TRYING TO STOP THE BLEEDING OR WHATEVER. INSTRUCTOR: IT'S SO INTERESTING ESPECIALLY NOW
BECAUSE WHERE THE GOVERNMENT IS TRYING TO STOP MEDIA, YOU HAVE THE PEOPLE HOLDING UP THEIR CAMERAS, I JUST LOVE IT. SO WE ARE STILL GETTING A SENSE OF WHAT IS HAPPENING THERE. THERE ARE IMAGES OF BLOOD. I DON'T WANT TO GIVE
THE IMPRESSION THAT WE DON'T SEE BLOOD BUT WE DON'T SEE THE RIVERS OF BLOOD THAT EXIST IN WAR. WE DON'T SEE PEOPLE WE
SLOSHING AROUND IN BLOOD THAT IS SPLATTERING ALL OVER.
DON'T SEE THAT BECAUSE WE ---- NOT TO DEFEND THE GOVERNMENT, BUT WE ARE NOT REALLY TRAINED TO SEE THAT AND I THINK WE WOULD START HAVING PROBLEMS WHEREAS THOSE SOLDIERS ARE
TRAINED AND TRAINED AND DRILLED AND DRILLED FOR A LONG TIME TO HANDLE THAT AND WE HAVE NO TRAINING. SO ALL OF A
SUDDEN SEEING PEOPLE SLOSHING AROUND IN BLOOD, WE'RE LIKE WE REALLY COULD FREAK OUT. STUDENT: I GUESS WHERE IT'S HARD TO POINT THE
FINGER AND BLAME "OH, IT'S NOT THE MASS MEDIA THAT IS NECESSARILY CENSORING BECAUSE THEY DON'T WANT TO EXPOSE THE TRUTH." AGAIN, IT WOULD BE A GREAT STORY. PEOPLE LOVE
BLOOD AND GUTS BUT THERE'S A LOT OF PEOPLE OUT THERE THAT WOULD COMPLAIN ABOUT IT JUST THE CASE IN POINT LIKE THE MAGAZINE COVERS THAT WE SAW. PEOPLE COMPLAIN SO I THINK
THEY TRY TO SENSOR CERTAIN THINGS THAT THEY WOULD PROBABLY HAVE COMPLAINTS ABOUT SO IT'S KIND OF A TWO WAY STREET WHERE, ON THE ONE HAND, YES, THEY ARE CENSORING THINGS. MAYBE IN ANTICIPATION OF PEOPLE'S OUTRAGE BUT THEN WHY ARE PEOPLE OUTRAGED? BECAUSE THEY ARE NOT SEEING IT IN THE
NEWS ON A REGULAR BASIS, SO IT'S HARD TO POINT THE FINGER AND SAY WHO IS TO BLAME. INSTRUCTOR: STUDENT: GOOD.
IT MAKES NOT SEEING ALL THAT BLOOD AND
GUTS MAKES WAR A LOT EASIER. INSTRUCTOR: STUDENT: RIGHT. SEE, THAT'S ----
THINK ABOUT POLITICIANS, THEY DON'T SHOW IT'S LIKE GO AHEAD AND BOMB THESE GUYS.
YOU EVERYTHING.
ALL THAT MAKES IT SO MUCH EASIER.
IF OUR PUBLIC CREATES YOU
THEIR OWN REALITY ABOUT WAR, IT SEEM DOESN'T SO BAD. CAN GET AWAY WITH A LOT BIGGER THINGS A LOTTED EASIER. IS OKAY. SITUATION. INSTRUCTOR: STUDENT: OKAY.
BUT THAT'S SO TO SAY THAT OUR IGNORANCE
I WOULD RATHER NOT BE IGNORANT ABOUT THE THEY ALL SEE IT AND I FEEL LIKE THEY SEE IT,
THEY UNDERSTAND IT, THAT'S WHY THEY ARE PROTESTING AGAINST IT AND I THINK THAT IF AMERICANS HAD THAT OPPORTUNITY TO DECIDE FOR THEMSELVES, IF THAT'S HOW THEY WANT TO PROCEED, I THINK THAT WE SHOULD HAVE THAT OPTION. STUDENT: THAT'S WHAT HAPPENED IN VIETNAM. ALL OF
A SUDDEN THEY WERE TELEVISING IT AND PEOPLE SAW WAR AND THERE WAS A HUGE MOVEMENT AGAINST THAT, WHICH I THINK WAS CONSTRUCTIVE. I THINK THE PEOPLE SAID NO MORE, THIS ISN'T THEY DECIDED
OKAY AS SOON AS THEY KNEW WHAT WAS GOING ON.
HOW THEY WANTED TO BE REPRESENTED AND, OF COURSE, NOT EVERYONE AGREED BUT, FOR THE FIRST TIME, WE HAD THE OPPORTUNITY TO DISAGREE. TO DO SO BEFORE. STUDENT: ONCE THE STORIES CAME OUT ABOUT VIETNAM WE DIDN'T HAVE THE OPPORTUNITY
LIKE THE TRUTH BEHIND THAT, LIKE WHAT AN EMBARRASSMENT. OUTRAGE. INSTRUCTOR: THAT WAS A SHOCK. IT WAS AN
THE OTHER THING THAT WAS AN OUTRAGE IS HOW LONG
IT TOOK THE GOVERNMENT TO DECLARE THAT A WAR. STUDENT: IRAQ ISN'T DECLARED A WAR, IT'S A
CONFLICT. STUDENT: AS FAR AS I KNOW, THERE HASN'T BEEN AN A DECLARED WAR. BUT IT'S
ACTUAL WAR SINCE WORLD WAR II. JUST, YOU KNOW ---- STUDENT:
IT'S BECAUSE WE ARE NOT REALLY FIGHTING
ANYTHING IN THE COUNTRY, WE'RE FIGHTING THE O. INSTRUCTOR: YOU ARE FIGHTING AN ISSUE? STUDENT: IT'S LIKE WE ARE FIGHTING AL QUAIDA, WE
ARE NOT FIGHTING IRAQ. STUDENT: BUT WE ARE KILLING THE IRAQI PEOPLE SO
THAT TO ME IS MY INTERPRETATION OF WAR WHEN YOU ARE KILLING INNOCENT PEOPLE. INSTRUCTOR: YEAH, IF PEOPLE ARE DYING, IT'S EITHER AND IT'S NOT A GANG.
A GANG FIGHT OR IT'S A WAR. STUDENT:
A GANG FIGHT IN IRAQ. LET'S GO BACK TO MAGAZINES, YOUR BOOK
INSTRUCTOR:
TRIES TO TALK ABOUT THE CONTENT OF MAGAZINES, WHICH IS DIFFICULT. BUT YOUR BOOK DOES TRY TO PUT MAGAZINES INTO FIRST CONTENT CATEGORY WOULD BE YOU KNOW ALL ABOUT THAT. THESE ARE
CONTENT CATEGORIES. CONSUMER MAGAZINES.
ALSO CALLED GENERAL CIRCULATION MAGAZINES.
THESE ARE THE
PEOPLE MAGAZINES, YOU KNOW, ALL THE ---- THE US MAGAZINES,
ALL OF THE MAGAZINES THAT WE LIKE.
THESE ARE CONSUMER
MAGAZINES, ALSO KNOWN AS GENERAL CIRCULATION MAGAZINES. AND SO THEY HAVE SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF THEIR OWN. THEY HAVE A HIGH PASS ALONG READERSHIP. ONE,
WHICH MEANS THAT
YOU GET THE MAGAZINE, YOU GIVE IT TO YOUR BROTHER, HE GIVES IT TO HIS LOVER, HE GIVES IT TO HIS ROOMMATE, HE TAKES IT TO WORK. IT'S JUST EASY TO PASS IT ALONG. IN GENERAL,
CONSUMER MAGAZINE HAS A HIGH PASS ALONG READERSHIP IT IS ALSO USUALLY CONVENIENT AND PORTABLE. IN A CASE OF LIKE A VOGUE, WHICH IS SO MASSIVE. OF ADS. EXCEPT IT'S FULL
BUT FOR THE MOST PART, THERE CAN BE PORTABLE,
EASY TO TAKE IN YOUR BACKPACK AND TAKE TO THE DOCTOR'S OFFICE AND READ AND LEAVE. ANOTHER CHARACTERISTIC IS THEY ARE AN ATTRACTIVE ADVERTISING MEDIUM. BECAUSE THEY ATTRACT SO MUCH OF A ---- GENERAL CIRCULATION
SO MANY OF US IN THE GENERAL PUBLIC.
MAGAZINES ARE NOT A GOOD MEDIUM FOR, SAY, QUICK LOCAL COVERAGE. THEY ONLY COME OUT SO OFTEN AND BY THE TIME
THEY TRY TO COVER SOMETHING LOCALLY, IT WOULD BE OLD NEWS AND IT WOULD BE VERY HARD TO FIGURE OUT WHICH LOCALITY TO TALK ABOUT. SOMETHING THAT YOU ARE LEAST LIKELY TO SEE IN A GENERAL CONSUMER MAGAZINE IS AN EXTENSIVE INVESTIGATIVE REPORTING PIECE. THAT WHOLE INVESTIGATING WE LEAVE TO
NEWSPAPERS AND CNN AND PLACES LIKE THAT. OVER THAT TYPE OF JOURNALISM.
THEY'VE TAKEN
THE IN DEPTH COVERAGE OF NOT
ONE PARTICULAR TOPIC, WE LEAVE FOR OTHER MEDIUM. MAGAZINES
WHAT WE ARE LIKELY TO SEE IN MAGAZINES ARE MORE FULL COLOR PHOTO STORIES. BETTER. WE LOVE THAT. MORE PICTURES THE HELP PIECES.
WE ARE LIKELY TO SEE MORE SELF .
SO YOU CAN READ IN THE MAGAZINE ---- THOSE LITTLE QUIZZES THAT YOU CAN TAKE TO "TAKE THIS QUIZ TO SEE IF YOUR LOVER IS CHEATING" AND SO YOU ARE ALL WRITING YOUR ANSWERS AND YOU GET TO THE BOTTOM AND YOU'RE LIKE, "SEE, I KNEW HE WAS A CHEATER!" (LAUGHTER) BECAUSE THE LITTLE QUIZ. STUDENT: YES?
DO YOU THINK THAT'S A LEARNED HABIT LIKE
WHEN YOU ARE A CHILD YOU READ PICTURE BOOKS AND THEY REALLY ENJOY THEM AND LATER ON YOU LIKE MAGAZINES? INSTRUCTOR: YOU ARE ABSOLUTELY RIGHT ABOUT THAT. YEAH, WE LIKE PICTURES.
I DEFINITELY THINK THAT. STILL. STILL.
THE OTHER THING WE LIKE, YOU ARE GOING TO SEE MORE OF IN CONSUMER MAGAZINES, INTERVIEWS, PARTICULARLY CELEBRITY INTERVIEWS. WE LOVE TO KNOW WHAT THEY ARE DOING AND WHO THE ADVANTAGE FOR CONSUMER MAGAZINE IS AND
THEY ARE DOING.
THAT, OF COURSE, IT HAS THIS GREAT PUBLIC EXPOSURE. WHERE ARE ALL THESE MAGAZINES SOLD?
IN THE SUPERMARKET.
MORE GENERAL CONSUMER MAGAZINES ARE SOLD IN THE SUPERMARKET THAN THEY ARE IN THE DRUGSTORES, THAN THEY ARE IN THE BOOKSTORES, THAN THEY ARE IN NEWSSTANDS. NOTICED DENVER DOESN'T HAVE, WHICH IS NICE. WHICH I'VE YOU KNOW
THOSE LITTLE ---- THOSE LITTLE ---- THEY ARE ALWAYS DIRTY AND GRIMY AND YOU CAN BUY A NEWSPAPER THERE. GUYS DON'T HAVE THAT HERE. I NOTICE YOU
THAT'S GOOD, I THINK
ANOTHER CATEGORY OF MAGAZINES IS THE BUSINESS PROFESSIONAL PUBLICATION. BUSINESS PROFESSIONAL
PUBLICATIONS ARE SOMETIMES CALLED TRADE PUBLICATIONS. THEY ARE NOT SOLD IN THE NEWSSTANDS BECAUSE THE READERSHIP IS LIMITED. THEY CARRY STORIES AND FEATURES AND EVEN ADS
THAT ARE AIMED AT PEOPLE IN A SPECIFIC PROFESSION OR A SPECIFIC INDUSTRY OR YOU MIGHT SEE THE SORT OF DISTRIBUTED AMONG PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS. THERE'S ANOTHER CATEGORY WHICH IS CONSIDERED PUBLIC RELATIONS MAGAZINES AND THESE ARE OFTEN SPONSORED BY THE COMPANY. LIKE WHEN YOU GET THE UNITED AIRLINES ---- I OF
ALL PEOPLE SHOULD KNOW THE MAGAZINE ---- THE MAGAZINE THAT IS ALWAYS IN THE POCKET. THERE. STUDENT: I CAN'T THINK ----
SKY MALL? THAT'S IT.
INSTRUCTOR: STUDENT:
THEY HAVE THE MOST INTERESTING STUFF IN
INSTRUCTOR:
IT HAS SUCH INTERESTING THINGS.
YOU
THINK, OH, I SHOULD ORDER THIS BUT THEN WHEN YOU GET OFF THE PLANE, YOU NEVER ---- AT LEAST I NEVER HAVE. STUDENT: IS FORBES CONSIDERED BUSINESS? YES, IT'S CONSIDERED BUSINESS.
INSTRUCTOR:
PUBLIC RELATION MAGAZINES ARE USUALLY PRINTED BY THE SPONSORING COMPANY AND THEY ARE DESIGNATED TO BE CIRCULATED AMONG THEIR EMPLOYEES AND THEIR DEALERS ANDS THEIR STOCKHOLDERS AND CUSTOMERS. THAT'S THE OTHER ONE. THE OTHER ONE IS HEMISPHERE,
THEY ARE ALMOST ALWAYS FREE BECAUSE AND THEN YOUR BOOK THEY
THEY ARE FUNDED BY THE PARENT COMPANY.
TRIES TO PUT MAGAZINES IN TERMS OF THEIR FUNCTION. PUT THEM IN FUNCTION CATEGORIES.
THERE ARE THREE FUNCTION
CATEGORIES FOR THE MAGAZINE INDUSTRY THE FIRST IS PRODUCTION. DISTRIBUTION AND RETAIL. THEN THERE'S ALSO
BUT THE FIRST FUNCTION IS THE
PRODUCTION FUNCTION, WHICH I AM THINKING DOESN'T THAT SOUND LIKE THAT CONJUNCTION JUNCTION? DO YOU ALL KNOW THAT? I
CAN HEAR THAT SONG NOW! THE PRODUCTION FUNCTION PUTS ---- NOW I AM GOING TO HEAR THAT SONG ALL DAY. ELEMENTS OF MAKING A MAGAZINE TOGETHER. IT PUTS ALL THE WHICH YOU ARE
LEARNING A LOT ABOUT BECAUSE YOU ARE ACTUALLY DOING IT, WHICH IS ABSOLUTELY AWESOME. YOU ARE ACTUALLY DOING SO THE
SOMETHING WITH WHAT YOU'VE LEARNED HERE IN SCHOOL.
PRODUCTION FUNCTION INCLUDES THE COPY AND THE ARTWORK AND THE PHOTOS AND THE TITLES. AND IN THE PRODUCTION
FUNCTION, THERE'S SOMETHING THAT MAGAZINE EDITORS REFER TO AS A DUMMY. IT'S A MAGAZINE DUMMY AND A MAGAZINE DUMMY IS SOME PEOPLE CALL IT IT'S A ---- THE DUMMY IS ONLY THIS
A BLUEPRINT FOR THE UPCOMING ISSUE. THE BOOK, BUT IT'S THE SAME THING.
THE PLAN FOR THE PAGES OF AN UPCOMING ISSUE. DUMMY WOULD HAVE EVERY PAGE, INCLUDING THE ADS.
THEN THERE'S THE DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION, WHICH IS EXACTLY WHAT IT SAY, AND THEN THE RETAIL FUNCTION, WHICH IS EXACTLY WHAT SAYS, TOO, THAT WORKS WITH THE GROCERY STORES AND ALL THE OUTLETS, SUPERSTORES BEING SO IMPORTANT TO THE RETAIL FUNCTION THAT PUBLISHERS WOULD PAY MORE MONEY TO HAVE THEIR MAGAZINE AT THE CHECK OUT RATE ---- YOU KNOW, THE LITTLE CHECK OUT AISLES. THEY WILL PAY MORE MONEY TO BE A
THERE THAN THEY WOULD TO BE FURTHER BACK IN THE STORES. LOT OF TIME THE GROCERY STORE SELLS YOU SPACE BY THE INCH FOR YOUR PRODUCTS AND SO FORTH. A LOT OF TIMES YOU PAY YOU KNOW
FOR THE INCH, HOW MUCH SHELF SPACE YOU TAKE UP.
THEY HAVE TOILET PAPER AND ALL THE OTHER PEOPLE ---- THEY PAID A LOT OF MONEY TO BE ON THE ENDS AND A LOT OF MONEY TO BE RIGHT THERE AT THE REGISTER. A LOT. BECAUSE THAT'S
THE WHOLE POINT OF PURCHASE AND PEOPLE WILL GRAB THINGS THAT THEY WEREN'T PLANNING TO BUY.
STUDENT:
DO THEY PAY TO BE LOWER ON THE SHELF?
LIKE CANDY.
I ALWAYS SEE CANDY AT THE BOTTOM. ALSO THE SWEET GOOD SERIALS ARE AT THE ALL THE SHREDDED WHEAT AND
INSTRUCTOR:
BOTTOM FOR THE KIDS TO GET.
GRANOLA AND THE STUFF THAT TASTES LIKE CARD BOARD IS AT THE TOP FOR US AND THEY PAY A PREMIUM TO BE DOWN LOW ALMOST DONE. TWO TYPES OF CIRCULATION, PAID PAID MEANS THE READER PAID TO SO EITHER
CIRCULATION AND CONTROLLED. RECEIVE THE MAGAZINE.
NO BIG SURPRISE THERE.
THEY PAID A SUBSCRIPTION OR THEY PAID THE GROCERY STORE. CONTROLLED CIRCULATION IS ---- LET'S SEE, HOW DO I WANT TO DESCRIBE THIS? THIS IS LIKE AIRLINE, MOTEL MAGAZINES,
BASICALLY BUSINESS AND PR TYPE MAGAZINES WHERE YOU HAVE TO HAVE A CERTAIN QUALIFICATION TO EVEN GET THE MAGAZINE. YOU HAVE TO BE IN AN ADVERTISING ARENA TO GET THOSE ADVERTISING MAGAZINES. THAT'S CONTROLLED CIRCULATION. NEWSPAPERS SO
LAST THING AND THEN WE TAKE OUR BREAK. HAD AN AUDIT SYSTEM. SO DO MAGAZINES.
MAGAZINES ALSO AUDIT BUREAU OF
HAVE THAT AUDIT BUREAU OF CIRCULATIONS.
CIRCULATIONS, WHICH YOU OFTEN SEE REPRESENTED AS PARENTHESES ABC. THEIR PURPOSE IS TO ENSURE THE ACCURACY, WHY? BECAUSE
AGAIN, OF THE MAGAZINE CIRCULATION FIGURES. THE ADVERTISERS WANT TO KNOW.
SO THE AUDIT BUREAU OF
CIRCULATION, ABC, ISSUES A TWICE ANNUAL REPORT ---- ONCE IN
JUNE, ONCE IN SEPTEMBER ---- ABOUT THE CIRCULATION.
THERE'S
ANOTHER AUDIT SERVICE FOR MAGAZINES THAT IS CALLED THE BUSINESS PUBLIC AUDIT. BUSINESS PUBLIC AUDIT, WHICH YOU THEY PROVIDE A SIMILAR
ALWAYS SEE AS PARENTHESES BPA.
SERVICE, BUT LARGELY IN THE BUSINESS AND TRADE FIELDS. THERE IS ALSO SIMMONS MARKET RESEARCH BUREAU. OFTEN SEE THAT REPRESENTED AS PARENTHESES SMRB. MARKET RESEARCH BUREAU. AND MEDIA MARK. YOU
SIMMONS
THESE ARE ALL
RESEARCH FIRMS THAT DO MAGAZINE'S STATISTICAL SAMPLINGS. SO THERE'S SIMMONS MARKET RESEARCH BUREAU AND MEDIA MARK, WHICH YOU SEE REPRESENTED AS MRI. PARENTHESES MRI. STANDARD AND
THEN THERE'S STANDARD RATE AND DATA SERVICE. RATE AND DATA SERVICE.
THESE THREE ARE ---- DO THE MAJORITY THEY ALSO
OF THE STATISTICAL SAMPLINGS FOR MAGAZINES.
WILL DIVIDE A MAGAZINE BETWEEN ITS PRIMARY AUDIENCE, PEOPLE THAT ACTUALLY SUBSCRIBE TO THE MAGAZINE AND IT'S PASS ALONG AUDIENCE, PEOPLE THAT JUST PICKED UP A MAGAZINE SOMEPLACE. NEED A BREAK? (BREAK) ALL RIGHT. OKAY. LET'S GET STARTED AGAIN. OKAY. LET'S I WANT OKAY. TEN MINUTES.
START UP WITH OUR DISCUSSION AROUND FILM.
YOU, ON A PIECE OF PAPER, TO WRITE THESE TEN FILM. THE FIRST ONE, STAR WARS. MENACE EPISODE ONE: THE PHANTOM
NEXT ONE, SPIDERMAN 2 NEXT ONE, TITANIC NEXT ONE, THE PASSION OF THE CHRIST NEXT ONE, STAR WARS OKAY. THEN NOW STAR WARS. EPISODE THREE: REVENGE
OF THE SCYTHE (PHONETIC) THEN THERE IS E.T.: THE EXTRA TERRESTRIAL THE RETURN OF THE KING
NEXT ONE IS LORD OF THE RINGS: NEXT IS SPIDERMAN.
JUST FLAT OUT SPIDERMAN.
THE LAST ONE IS SHREK II OKAY. YOUR JOB IS TO WORK IN TEAMS. TRY TO PUT
THESE IN ORDER RANKED BY THE GREATEST MOVIE OF ALL TIME. AND GREATEST, I'M TALKING BOX OFFICE. OF ALL TIME. BOX OFFICE GROSSING
THIS INFORMATION COMES FROM ---- I WILL TELL AND
YOU THE SITE LATER ---- AND NO COMPUTER, NO CHECKING.
PUT THEM IN ORDER AND TRY ---- (LAUGHTER) ---- YEAH, AND TRY TO ADD THE YEAR. BE GREAT. IN A GROUP. One titanic 97 Two, star wars 77 3, SHREK 2 04 Four, ET 82 Five, star wars episode 1 99 IF YOU CAN FIGURE OUT THE YEAR, THAT WOULD SO THERE WILL BE ---- LET'S GO FOR FOUR
OKAY.
FOUR IN A GROUP.
Six
SPIDERMAN SEVEN, STAR WARS IN 05 EIGHT, LORD OF THE RINGS, THE RETURN OF THE KING.
WHAT YEAR?
03.
2003.
I'M SCARED OF THEM.
NINE, SPIDERMAN TWO, WHAT YEAR? STUDENT: 04? 2004. LAST PASSION OF THE CHRIST,
INSTRUCTOR:
WHAT YEAR? STUDENT: 02? 04. THIS GROUP IS GOOD.
INSTRUCTOR: STUDENT:
WE RELATED EVERYTHING TO EVENTS HAPPENING
IN OUR LIFE. ONE. STUDENT: STUDENT: CLOSE TO WHAT? ALL OF THEM? INSTRUCTOR: WHAT GROUP CAME CLOSE? THIS GROUP HAD
I'M SURPRISED HOW WRONG WE ALL WERE,
ACTUALLY. STUDENT: I DIDN'T KNOW TITANIC WAS THAT BIG.
INSTRUCTOR: HUGE. KATIA: WHAT YEAR THE SPIDERMAN? 2002.
INSTRUCTOR: KATIA:
WHAT WAS NUMBER NINE? SPIDERMAN TWO, 2004.
INSTRUCTOR: KATIA: TEN?
INSTRUCTOR: KATIA:
THE PASSION OF THE CHRIST.
THAT WAS NUMBER TEN. YES. 2004.
INSTRUCTOR: STUDENT: STUDENT:
HOW COME TRANSFORMERS ISN'T ON YOUR LIST? AND THE DARK KNIGHT. THIS LIST IS A
LITTLE SUSPICION. INSTRUCTOR: STUDENT: YEAH, DARK KNIGHT. THAT'S FUNNY.
OH, THOSE ARE TOP TEN PERIOD? BUT IT WAS CUT OFF ---- WHAT IS THE SO WE HAVE TO
INSTRUCTOR:
OLDEST DATE?
2005, STAR WARS EPISODE 3.
TAKE THAT INTO CONSIDERATION. OKAY. SO YOUR GROUP SUCKED? THEY ARE STILL NICE. HIGH FIVE, GROUP!
OKAY, YOU CAN GET AWAY FROM YOUR GROUP. AND NOW LET'S TAKE SOME NOTES. THAT WAS FUN. OKAY.
CHAPTER 6 IS FILM, OBVIOUSLY EARLY
YOU FIGURED THAT OUT WHY WE DID THE SILLY GAME.
HISTORY OF THE MOTION PICTURES AND TV ARE POSSIBLE BECAUSE OF TWO QUIRKS. THAT? WE HUMANS HAVE QUIRKS. DO YOU AGREE WITH
ANYBODY THAT DOESN'T AGREE WITH THAT, YOU HAVE MORE NO, I'M JOKING, WE ALL HAVE A LOT OF QUIRKS.
THAN TWO. OKAY.
BUT THESE TWO QUIRKS ARE RELATED TO MOTION PICTURES NOW I FEEL LIKE I TURNED IT ON WRONG.
AND TELEVISION.
IF A GREEN LIGHT SHOWS ON MY HEAD, TELL ME. THERE ARE TWO QUIRKS IN OUR HUMAN PERCEPTUAL SYSTEM
THAT MAKE MOTION PICTURES AND TELEVISION POSSIBLE.
THEY
ARE FIVE PHENOMENA, OKAY, PHI--PHENOMENA AND PERSISTENCE OF VISION. TWO QUIRKS. IN OUR HUMAN PERCEPTUAL SYSTEM.
(PERSISTENCE) PHI PHENOMENA REFERS TO WHAT HAPPENS WHEN WE SEE ONE LIGHT SOURCE GO OUT WHILE ANOTHER ONE CLOSE BY GOES ON. SO JUST IMAGINE A ROW OF LIGHT BULBS HERE AND ONE LIGHTBULB GOES OFF AND ONE GOES ON AND ONE GOES OFF AND ONE GOES ON AND ONE GOES OFF AND ONE GOES ON. TO OUR EYES, WE SEE IT
AS THE LIGHT ITSELF IS MOVING BECAUSE WE'RE QUIRKY. THAT'S KNOWN AS PHI PHENOMENA. THE OTHER QUIRK IS PERSISTENCE OF VISION. PERSISTENCE OF VISION IS OUR EYES ---- IT'S ACTUALLY OUR BRAINS ---- CONTINUE TO SEE AN IMAGE FOR A SPLIT SECOND AFTER THAT IMAGE IS NO LONGER THERE. 1/24THS OF A SECOND. KATIA: YES?. OKAY, THANK YOU. WE ACTUALLY SEE IT FOR
PHI DO YOU SPELL P--H--I? THAT'S IT.
INSTRUCTOR: STUDENT:
HOW DO YOU KNOW THAT? HOW DO I KNOW THAT IT'S SPELLED PHI?
INSTRUCTOR: STUDENT:
NO, HOW DO YOU KNOW THAT OUR BRAINS IT'S SO INTERESTING.
CONTINUE TO SEE AN IMAGE AFTERWARDS? INSTRUCTOR:
IT'S THE REASON WE CAN WATCH CARTOONS
BECAUSE IF YOU'VE ACTUALLY EVER SEEN THE WAY THEY DRAW
CARTOON, THEY DRAW ONE IMAGE ---- I HAD THIS GREAT VIDEO TO SHOW YOU BUT I CAN'T GET THIS STUPID THING TO WORK. I
HATE ---- YEAH, HATE! BUT THEY WILL TAKE ONE CARTOON AND THE PERSON IS JUST ---- LET'S SAY GETTING READY TO WALK. THERE'S ONE IMAGE AND THE PERSON IS LIKE THIS. LIKE
AND THE
NEXT IMAGE, THEY GO LIKE THAT AND THE NEXT PICTURE THEY GO LIKE THAT AND THE NEXT PICTURE THEY GO LIKE THAT. WELL,
WHEN YOU RUN THESE PICTURES TOGETHER VERY QUICKLY, IT LOOKS LIKE MOVEMENT TO OUR EYES. BECAUSE WE'RE QUIRKY. PICTURES. MOVEMENT. SO IT'S SO INTERESTING.
WE DON'T SEE THEM AS SEPARATE
WE SORT OF STREAM THEM TOGETHER AND WE SEE IT'S FASCINATING
THERE'S A PERSON BIG IN THE FILM INDUSTRY AND HIS NAME IS THOMAS EDISON. THOMAS ALVA EDISON. YOU. YOU'VE HEARD OF HIM BEFORE. HOW WOULD YOU LIKE THAT NAME? BLESS
NOT LIKE ALVIN AND THE CHIPMUNKS.
THOMAS ALVA FULL NAME WAS
EDISON AND HIS ASSISTANT WILLIAM DIXON. WILLIAM KENNEDY LORIE DIXON. BET HE COULD FIGHT.
YES, A BOY NAMED LORIE.
WILLIAM DIXON AND THOMAS EDISON. WILLIAM DIXON WORKED FOR ED
PARTNERS IN A LOT OF IMAGES. SON.
THEY DEVELOPED THE FIRST MOTION PICTURE CAMERA AND 1889. WILLIAM DIXON WAS EDISON'S
VIEWING DEVICE.
ASSISTANT, HIS TOP SCIENTIST. STUDENT: 1889?
INSTRUCTOR: STUDENT:
1889.
YOU WANT DATES FOR THE TEST? DIXON DEVELOPED TAKING MOVIE PICTURES
INSTRUCTOR:
SIMULTANEOUSLY BY MOVING THIS SORT OF SPROCKET FED FILM. IN 1889, AGAIN THE PAIR DEVELOPED ANOTHER INVENTION, IT'S CALLED THE KINETISCOPE (PHONETIC). DEVICE. IT WAS A VIEWING
IT ALLOWED A SINGLE PERSON TO SEE A PROJECTED ACTUALLY, THE STRIP OF FILM WAS
FILM THROUGH A PEEPHOLE.
ROUND AROUND THE LIGHTBULB BUT IT WAS THE FIRST INVENTION ---- HUGE INVENTION. FIRST FILMS WERE NOT
PROJECTED, THEY WERE SEEN THROUGH THIS PEEP SHOW DEVICE KNOWN AS THE KINETISCOPE BY 1893 DIXON SUFFERED A A NERVOUS BREAK DOWN DUE TO HIS BOSS AND THE NEXT YEAR HE WENT TO WORK FOR A COMPETING COMPANY WHILE HE WAS STILL BEING PAID BY EDISON. OF THEM PARTED VERY BITTERLY. EDISON, BRILLIANT MAN BUT THOUGHT HE WOULD MAKE ALL OF HIS MONEY FROM THE SALE OF FILM HARDWARE. HE THOUGHT HE WAS GOING TO GET RICH. STUDENT: BY WHAT? BY SELLING ACTUALLY THE HARDWARE TO YOU THAT'S HOW THE TWO
INSTRUCTOR:
CREATE FILM.
HE THOUGHT HE WOULD GET RICH THAT WAY. DON'T TAKE
KNOW, PEOPLE THAT ARE ---- HOW DO I SAY THIS? THIS THE WRONG WAY.
BUT YOU KNOW PEOPLE THAT ARE SO SMART
THEY ARE STUPID?
YOU KNOW PEOPLE THAT ARE THAT WAY?
NOT BUT HE
TO SAY THAT HE WAS STUPID BUT HE KIND OF MISSED IT. HE THOUGHT HE WAS GOING TO GET RICH ON THE HARDWARE.
HAD NO IDEA ---- NO CONCEPT OF THIS IDEA OF MASS AUDIENCE COMING TO SEE A FILM, THAT WAS WAY OUT THERE. SO HE
CREATED THIS KINETISCOPE AND THE MUSIC FOR THE SCOPE WAS PROVIDED BY ANOTHER ONE OF HIS INVENTIONS, THE PHONOGRAPH WHICH HE INVENTED IN 1877. YEAH, 1877, THE PHONOGRAPH.
EDISON MADE THE FIRST MOTION PICTURE STUDIO BUILT IN NEW JERSEY CALLED THE BLACK MARIA. THIS IS 1892. AND THE BLACK MARIA ----
THE BLACK MARIA WAS SORT OF SLANG FOR SO HE MADE THIS STUDIO RESEMBLE A IT
POLICE PADDY WAGON.
POLICE ---- YOU KNOW, A PADDY WAGON, A POLICE VEHICLE. WAS REALLY INVENTIVE.
IT HAD AN OPEN LOOF AND THIS WHOLE
STUDIO WOULD REVOLVE TO FOLLOW THE SUN (LOOF = ROOF) SO PERFORMERS BEING FILMED WOULD ALWAYS BE ILLUMINATED. WAS BRILLIANT HIS TEACHER, WHEN HE WAS A YOUNG BOY, CONSIDERED HIM A FAILURE. AT ONE POINT, THEY THOUGHT HE WAS RETARDED. LATER, THEY JUST SAID HE WAS A IT
THEY CALLED HIM RETARDED. FAILURE. SCHOOL. BRIGHT.
TOLD HIS MOTHER, YOU KNOW WHAT, TAKE HIM OUT OF HE'S JUST NOT BRIGHT. HE IS NEVER GOING TO BE
SO TAKE HIM OUT OF SCHOOL AND DO WHAT YOU WANT WASN'T
WITH HIM BUT REALLY HE IS JUST SLOWING US DOWN.
SMART.
SO MOTHER TOOK HIM OUT OF SCHOOL BECAUSE SCHOOL AND THEN, OF
TOLD HIM TO AND SHE HOMESCHOOLED HIM.
COURSE, HE WENT ONTO BECOME THE GREATEST INVENTOR OF THE MODERN ERA. SO WHAT IS THE MORAL OF THE STORY? STAY IN SCHOOL. YEAH.
STUDENT:
INSTRUCTOR: STUDENT:
OR HOMESCHOOL YOUR CHILDREN. YEAH. KNOW WHAT YOU KNOW ABOUT
INSTRUCTOR:
YOURSELF, DON'T LET PEOPLE TAKE IT FROM YOU BECAUSE OFTEN THEY ARE WRONG. OKAY. NICKELODEONS. KNOW WHAT YOU KNOW ABOUT YOU.
YOUR BOOK THEN STARTS TALKING ABOUT THE REASON FOR THAT WORD IN THE FIRST PLACE
WAS A COMBINATION OF THE WORD ODEAN, WHICH WAS THE GREEK WORD FOR THEATER. PRICE OF ADMISSION. AND THE NICKEL BECAUSE THAT WAS THE NICKELODEON WERE HUGELY POPULAR.
THERE WAS A PHONOGRAPH IN THE LOBBY OF A NICKELODEON PLAYING MUSIC ONCE YOU ARRIVE. THE MAN BY THE NAME OF HE
HARRY DAVIS WHO OWNED THE FIRST NICKELODEON IN 1905. WAS IN PITTSBURGH.
HARRY DAVIS, FIRST NICKELODEON, 1905.
NICKELODEON'S FEATURED MOVIES AND ALSO HAD SOME VODVILLE ACTS (PHONETIC). STUDENT: WHAT IS THAT? IT'S ---- UM, PEOPLE THAT DO JUGGLING
INSTRUCTOR:
AND DANCING AND BALANCING GLASSES AND SINGING AND ----
STUDENT:
OH, OKAY. NICKELODEONS COULD SEAT BETWEEN 50 AND BY 1908,
INSTRUCTOR:
90 PEOPLE.
OF COURSE THEY CHARGED A NICKEL.
THERE WERE ABOUT 8 THOUSAND NICKELODEON'S IN THE UNITED STATES. STUDENT: WHAT YEAR WAS THAT? 1908. HUGELY POPULAR THESE THINGS.
INSTRUCTOR:
OFTEN THEY WERE STORE FRONTS THAT WERE CONFRONTED FOR WATCHING FILM. (CONVERTED). PEOPLE LOVE THEM BUT TO
KEEP AUDIENCES INTERESTED, THEY HAD TO KEEP CHANGING THE FILM OFTEN BECAUSE, YOU KNOW, YOU WOULD SEE THE FILM AND YOU'VE SEEN THE FILM. YOU WANT TO SEE SOMETHING ELSE. EARLY FILMS
EARLY FILMS WEREN'T WHAT WE THINK OF TODAY.
WERE VERY SHORT REELS OF, SAY, HORSES JUMPING OVER HURDLES. THAT'S THE MOVIE. THAT'S IT. THE HORSE. IT JUMPS.
HORSE JUMPING.
AND THEN THERE WERE A LOT OF JUST TRAINS.
FILMS WITH WATCHING TRAINS RUSHING BY. GOING BY. THOUGH. INSTRUCTOR: (LAUGHTER) THAT'S THE MOVIE.
STUDENT:
BUT THAT WAS PRETTY SPECTACULAR TO THEM,
NO THOSE DAYS, IT WAS HUGE! HUGE!
LATER, WE SAW ANOTHER FILM THAT IS ACTUALLY CREDITED WITH THIS EXPLOSION OF MOVIE HOUSES AND IT WAS CALLED THE GREAT TRAIN ROBBERY. THE GREAT TRAIN ROBBERY.
KATIA:
WASN'T THAT A BOOK? I WANT TO SAY YES BUT I CAN'T THINK ---- IT WAS MICHAEL CRIGHTON. THAT'S RIGHT.
INSTRUCTOR: STUDENT: KATIA: STUDENT:
I READ IT.
YES, HE WROTE IT.
HE BASED IT OFF OF A TRUE ---- OFF OF A TRUE STORY. GREAT TRAIN ROB
INSTRUCTOR:
WI, 1903.
ONE OF THE FIRST FILMS TO USE EDITING AND
INTERCUTTING OF SCENES AND A MOBILE CAMERA WAS USED TO TELL A STORY. IT WAS PRODUCED ---- THE GREAT TRAIN ROBBERY WAS HE HAD
PRODUCED BY A MAN BY THE NAME OF ED WIN S. PORTER.
BEEN THOMAS EDISON'S CAMERA MAN AND HE LEARNED THE TRADE AND CAME ALONG AND CREATED THIS HUGE FILM AND BECAME BIG IN THE FILM INDUSTRY ANOTHER BIG PERSON IN THE FILM INDUSTRY, ADOLF ZUCHOR. HE EXPERIMENTED WITH THE FILM INDUSTRY BECAUSE HE I
THOUGHT I THINK PEOPLE WILL PAY MORE THAN A NICKEL. THINK PEOPLE WILL PAY A DOLLAR TO SEE A FILM SO HE
EXPERIMENTED WITH THE MEDIUM BY ENCOURAGING PEOPLE TO COME SEE A FILM CALLED QUEEN ELIZABETH. AND HE PROVED THAT
AUDIENCES WOULD IN FACT PAY A PREMIUM TO WATCH A LONGER FILAMENT. 16. ZUCHER CAME TO THE UNITED STATES AT THE AGE OF HOW DID
HE CAME HERE WITH 40 DOLLARS IN HIS POCKET. PENNY ARCADES.
HE MAKE HIS MONEY?
REALLY GOT INVOLVED LATER HE MADE
WITH PENNY ARCADES, MADE A LOT OF MONEY.
THE COVER OF TIME MAGAZINE, JANUARY 14, 1929.
HE WAS ON
THE COVER OF TIME MAGAZINE BECAUSE THE U.S. GOVERNMENT WAS TRYING TO SORT OF CURB HIS POWER, WHICH THEY WERE UNSUCCESSFUL AT. HE FOUNDED PARAMOUNT PICTURES IN 1913.
AT THAT TIME IT WAS CALLED FAMOUS PLAYERS PARAMOUNT MOTION PICTURES STUDIO. STUDENT: I'M SORRY, WHAT YEAR WAS THAT?. 1913.
INSTRUCTOR:
THEN YOU HAVE ANOTHER GENTLEMAN BY THE NAME OF D.W. GRIFFITH WHO EXPERIMENTED WITH THE FILM MEDIUM EVEN FURTHER. HOURS LONG. NATION". AFTER. WHAT HE DID WAS CREATE A FILM THAT WAS THREE VERY RACIALLY BIASED. THAT'S RIGHT. HIS FILM, "BIRTH OF A
HE CAME OUT WITH OTHER FILMS
HE CAME OUT WITH A FILM CALLED "INTOLERANCE" IN
1916 AND THEN ANOTHER FILM CALLED ORPHANS OF STORM BUT BIRTH OF A NATION ---- HE IS WIDELY KNOWN FOR THAT. RACIAL. I DO WANT TO SAY THAT. STUDENT: WHAT YEAR? MARCH 1915. HE GOT THE IDEA OF THE HUGELY
INSTRUCTOR:
NAME OF THE BOOK ---- HERE'S THE NAME OF THE BOOK, THE CLANSMAN, A HISTORICAL ROMANCE OF THE KLU KLUX KLAN. WAS PRINTED IN 1905. BOOK
THAT'S WHAT GAVE HIM THE IDEA FOR
DOING THE FILM AND IT SORT OF GLORIFIED THE KLU KLUX KLAN. YOU WILL NEVER SEE IT ON TELEVISION TODAY BECAUSE IT IS
STILL CONSIDERED RACIST.
IT WAS CONSIDERED RACIST AT THE
TIME IN 1915 WHEN PEOPLE WEREN'T GOING AROUND SAYING EVERYTHING IS RACIST LIKE WE DO TODAY. IT WAS THE MOST EXPENSIVE MOVIE TO THAT DATE TO PRODUCE. COST ABOUT 125 THOUSAND DOLLARS TO PRODUCE, THE
WHICH YOU KNOW, IN THAT ERA, A LOT OF MONEY.
PRODUCER, GRIFFITH, HIS NAME IS DAVID WARD GRIFFITH. PRESIDENT WOODROW WILSON GOT A PRIVATE SCREENING. THE ACTORS ALL HAD ---- IT WAS A FAMOUS RECREATION OF THE PRESIDENT LINCOLN ASSASSINATION IN THERE. AND THEN IN
RESPONSE TO BIRTH OF A NATION, SOME BLACK FILM MAKERS GOT TOGETHER AND CREATED A FILM CALLED BIRTH OF A RACE IN 1916. ONE OF WHICH, HIS LAST NAME WAS JOHNSON, IS BEEN LOOKING FOR THAT YES?
ACTUALLY FROM COLORADO SPRINGS. FILM FOR 20 YEARS NOW. STUDENT:
STILL CAN'T FIND IT.
HOW DO YOU FEEL ABOUT MOVIES ---- LIKE THAT
BACK THEN. INSTRUCTOR: STUDENT: HOW DID THEY? ARE YOU
HOW DO YOU FEEL ABOUT IT TODAY?
HAPPY THAT THEY DID IT SO PEOPLE UNDERSTOOD THE MENTALITY BACK THEN OR ARE YOU UPSET ABOUT IT? JUST CURIOUS. INSTRUCTOR: IT DOESN'T ENCAPSULATE WHAT WAS
HAPPENING WITH PEOPLE'S MIND FRAME BACK THEN IN A WAY THAT TALKING ABOUT IT DOESN'T. IT'S NICE TO SEE THE FILM ----
NOT BECAUSE I LIKE SEEING RACIST THINGS BUT IT'S NICE TO SEE THIS WAS THEIR IMAGE, YOU KNOW. SOMETHING ABOUT A SAME FOR
FILM CAN TELL A STORY IN A WAY THAT WORDS CAN'T. MUSIC.
SO IN THAT WAY, YEAH, I'M GLAD THEY DID IT BECAUSE
NOW WE REALLY KNOW. HEY, THAT'S OUR TIME! OH, MY GOSH. TIME GO? WHERE DID THE
OKAY, SO THURSDAY WE'RE GOING TO FINISH THIS TRY
CHAPTER UP AND TRY TO KEEP UP WITH ME IN THE READING. TO KEEP UP WITH ME IN THE READING.
I AM GOING TO FINISH
THIS ONE AND GO TO THE NEXT ONE IF YOU ARE TRYING TO GET AHEAD OF ME. I AM THINKING WHAT IS THE NEXT ONE. IS THURSDAY THE EXAM? NO, OUR EXAM ---- ISN'T IT THE NEXT WEEK?
STUDENT:
INSTRUCTOR: STUDENT:
THE 9TH. NEXT WEEK. THANK YOU.
INSTRUCTOR: STUDENT:
WILL WE DO A STUDY GUIDE? YOU DON'T NEED IT, DO YOU?
INSTRUCTOR: STUDENT:
YES! (LAUGHTER).
INSTRUCTOR:
STUDENT: I VERY MUCH WOULD ENJOY THAT. INSTRUCTOR: I DON'T THINK YOU NEED IT. IT'S GOING TO COVER ---- PROBABLY Chapter 1 THROUGH 7 IF WE GET THROUGH 7 BECAUSE I ---- YOU WON'T BE TESTED ON ANYTHING I DON'T TALK ABOUT.