Slides PRS for PowerPoin t
Chap 13
Theories of Personality
Copyright Pearson Education, 2009
Definitional and Application Slides
2
Copyright 2009, Pearson Education
LO 13.2
The division of the mind that is very similar to short term memory in that it contains all the information a person is currently using and aware of is called: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Conscious Preconscious Unconscious Conscience Subconscious
3
Copyright 2009, Pearson Education
LO 13.2
The division of the mind that is very similar to short term memory in that it contains all the information a person is currently using and aware of is called: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Conscious (p. 519-520) Preconscious Unconscious Conscience Subconscious
4
Copyright 2009, Pearson Education
LO 13.2
A person who experiences great hunger decides to just push people out of the way on the line to a grocery store. Which personality structure dominated the behavior of this person? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Ego ideal Superego Id Conscience Libido
5
Copyright 2009, Pearson Education
LO 13.2
A person who experiences great hunger decides to just push people out of the way on the line to a grocery store. Which personality structure dominated the behavior of this person? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Ego ideal Superego Id (p. 520) Conscience Libido
6
Copyright 2009, Pearson Education
LO 13.2
According to Freud, during what stage of personality development do most children identify with the same sex parent as a means of helping to develop appropriate understanding of gender roles? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Oral Anal Phallic Latency Genital
7
Copyright 2009, Pearson Education
LO 13.2
According to Freud, during what stage of personality development do most children identify with the same sex parent as a means of helping to develop appropriate understanding of gender roles? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Oral Anal Phallic (p. 523-524) Latency Genital
8
Copyright 2009, Pearson Education
LO 13.3
The Neo-Freudians (e.g., Jung, Horney) disagreed with all of the following ideas of Freuds psychoanalysis EXCEPT: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Great emphasis on sexuality in personality development The unconscious as part of the mind that stores simple anxieties and sexual and aggressive urges The idea that women are inferior to men, developing feelings such as penis envy Little emphasis on the influence of social relationships on personality development The use of defense mechanisms to mask anxiety
9
Copyright 2009, Pearson Education
LO 13.3
The Neo-Freudians (e.g., Jung, Horney) disagreed with all of the following ideas of Freuds psychoanalysis EXCEPT: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Great emphasis on sexuality in personality development The unconscious as part of the mind that stores simple anxieties and sexual and aggressive urges The idea that women are inferior to men, developing feelings such as penis envy Little emphasis on the influence of social relationships on personality development The use of defense mechanisms to mask anxiety (p. 525-527)
10
Copyright 2009, Pearson Education
LO 13.5
According to the strictest behaviorist view, personality development is influenced primarily by ______________. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. self-efficacy reciprocal determinism habits self-concept cognitive processes
11
Copyright 2009, Pearson Education
LO 13.5
According to the strictest behaviorist view, personality development is influenced primarily by ______________. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. self-efficacy reciprocal determinism habits (p. 529) self-concept cognitive processes
12
Copyright 2009, Pearson Education
LO 13.5
Jessica has experienced many successes in playing basketball and is encouraged by others of her competence; however, she has a low assessment of her basketball abilities. She is most likely to: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Have very high self-efficacy Have very low self-efficacy Have moderate self-efficacy Never expect to succeed in basketball in the future Avoid playing basketball again in the future
13
Copyright 2009, Pearson Education
LO 13.5
Jessica has experienced many successes in playing basketball and is encouraged by others of her competence; however, she has a low assessment of her basketball abilities. She is most likely to: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Have very high self-efficacy Have very low self-efficacy Have moderate self-efficacy (p. 530) Never expect to succeed in basketball in the future Avoid playing basketball again in the future
14
Copyright 2009, Pearson Education
LO 13.6
Billys parents show him love and affection when he brings home a report card with straight As. When he does not receive straight As in school, his parents become distant and cold. It is likely that Billy is experiencing _______________________. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. conditional positive regard unconditional positive regard self-actualization mismatch between real self and ideal self full functioning
15
Copyright 2009, Pearson Education
LO 13.6
Billys parents show him love and affection when he brings home a report card with straight As. When he does not receive straight As in school, his parents become distant and cold. It is likely that Billy is experiencing _______________________. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. conditional positive regard (p. 532) unconditional positive regard self-actualization mismatch between real self and ideal self full functioning
16
Copyright 2009, Pearson Education
LO 13.7
Which of the following statements about trait theories is FALSE? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. They can be used to describe behavior. They can be used to predict behavior. They can be used to explain behavior. Traits involve consistent, enduring ways of thinking, feeling, and behaving. They are not very concerned with changing an individuals 2009, personality.
17
Copyright Pearson Education
LO 13.7
Which of the following statements about trait theories is FALSE? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. They can be used to describe behavior. They can be used to predict behavior. They can be used to explain behavior. (p. 534) Traits involve consistent, enduring ways of thinking, feeling, and behaving. They are not very concerned with changing an individuals personality.
18
Copyright 2009, Pearson Education
LO 13.7
Organized, reliable, neat, and ambitious are all _________ traits of the more basic trait of consciousness. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. source surface temperament cardinal character
19
Copyright 2009, Pearson Education
LO 13.7
Organized, reliable, neat, and ambitious are all _________ traits of the more basic trait of consciousness. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. source surface (p. 535-536) temperament cardinal character
20
Copyright 2009, Pearson Education
LO 13.7
Which of the following Big Five personality traits is associated with traits such as good natured, trusting, and helpful? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Openness Agreeableness Neuroticism Consciousness Extraversion
21
Copyright 2009, Pearson Education
LO 13.7
Which of the following Big Five personality traits is associated with traits such as good natured, trusting, and helpful? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Openness Agreeableness (p. 536) Neuroticism Consciousness Extraversion
22
Copyright 2009, Pearson Education
LO 13.8
Twin studies examining the influence of biology on personality suggest that personality traits have a heritability of ____________. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 25-50% 5-10% 75-90% 95-99% 0-4%
23
Copyright 2009, Pearson Education
LO 13.8
Twin studies examining the influence of biology on personality suggest that personality traits have a heritability of ____________. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 25-50% (p. 538-539) 5-10% 75-90% 95-99% 0-4%
24
Copyright 2009, Pearson Education
LO 13.8
Which of the following is NOT a dimension of Hofstedes dimensions of cultural personality? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Individualism/collectivism Power distance Masculinity/femininity Uncertainty avoidance Universal rituals
25
Copyright 2009, Pearson Education
LO 13.8
Which of the following is NOT a dimension of Hofstedes dimensions of cultural personality? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Individualism/collectivism Power distance Masculinity/femininity Uncertainty avoidance Universal rituals (p. 539-540)
26
Copyright 2009, Pearson Education
LO 13.9
In a job interview, Jack accidentally stumbles over a chair as he approaches his potential employer to shake his hand. From that point on, the employer perceives everything that Jack says as evidence to suggest that he is clumsy and careless. This is an example of what? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Halo effect Projection Subjectivity of interview methods Social desirability bias The effect of the interviewers belief systems or prejudices
27
Copyright 2009, Pearson Education
LO 13.9
In a job interview, Jack accidentally stumbles over a chair as he approaches his potential employer to shake his hand. From that point on, the employer perceives everything that Jack says as evidence to suggest that he is clumsy and careless. This is an example of what? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Halo effect (p. 542) Projection Subjectivity of interview methods Social desirability bias The effect of the interviewers belief systems or prejudices
28
Copyright 2009, Pearson Education
LO 13.9
Which of the following methods would most likely be used by a psychoanalyst to assess personality? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Projective tests Interview Direct observation Inventory Case studies
29
Copyright 2009, Pearson Education
LO 13.9
Which of the following methods would most likely be used by a psychoanalyst to assess personality? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Projective tests (p. 542-543) Interview Direct observation Inventory Case studies
30
Copyright 2009, Pearson Education
LO 13.9
The personality test that is most concerned with assessing abnormalities in personality is called: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Keirsey Temperament Sorter Myers-Briggs Inventory MMPI-2 Big Five Personality Inventory Eysenck Personality Questionnaire
31
Copyright 2009, Pearson Education
LO 13.9
The personality test that is most concerned with assessing abnormalities in personality is called: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Keirsey Temperament Sorter Myers-Briggs Inventory MMPI-2 (p. 545-546) Big Five Personality Inventory Eysenck Personality Questionnaire
32
Copyright 2009, Pearson Education
Critical Thinking & Student Opinion Slides
33
Copyright 2009, Pearson Education
Which is correct?
Similar upbringings lead to similarities in childrens personalities. True False
34
Copyright 2009, Pearson Education
Which is correct?
Similar upbringings lead to similarities in childrens personalities. True False
35
Copyright 2009, Pearson Education
Which is correct?
Inkblot tests are good indicators of underlying personality traits. True False
36
Copyright 2009, Pearson Education
Which is correct?
Inkblot tests are good indicators of underlying personality traits. True False
37
Copyright 2009, Pearson Education
Which is correct?
Freud believed that sex was the only important drive in personality. True False
38
Copyright 2009, Pearson Education
Which is correct?
Freud believed that sex was the only important drive in personality. True False
39
Copyright 2009, Pearson Education
Which is correct?
There is strong evidence for the concept of national character. True False
40
Copyright 2009, Pearson Education
Which is correct?
There is strong evidence for the concept of national character. True False
41
Copyright 2009, Pearson Education