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Soru_2005_Yariyil_Ici

Course: SIMULATION 20091, Spring 2009
School: Istanbul Technical...
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LETME T FAKLTES ENDSTR MHENDSL BLM SSTEM SMLASYONU DERS YARIYIL SINAVI Yrd. Do. Dr. Erhan Bozda Ara. Gr. Baar ztayi Ara. Gr. Emel Akta Not: Kitap, ders notu vd. aktr. 1. Soru 60, 2. Soru 40 puandr. Soru 1. Filiz Hanm EkoPak amar makinesi iin servis veren bir iletmenin mdresidir. Elinde var olan bir miktar parayla yatrm yapmak istemektedir. u an sahip olduu tek servis aracnn yetersiz olup olmadn incelemek amacyla...

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LETME T FAKLTES ENDSTR MHENDSL BLM SSTEM SMLASYONU DERS YARIYIL SINAVI Yrd. Do. Dr. Erhan Bozda Ara. Gr. Baar ztayi Ara. Gr. Emel Akta Not: Kitap, ders notu vd. aktr. 1. Soru 60, 2. Soru 40 puandr. Soru 1. Filiz Hanm EkoPak amar makinesi iin servis veren bir iletmenin mdresidir. Elinde var olan bir miktar parayla yatrm yapmak istemektedir. u an sahip olduu tek servis aracnn yetersiz olup olmadn incelemek amacyla simlayon almas yaptrmak istemektedir. Aada sistem aklanmtr. Mteriler, servisi telefonla armaktadr. Gnlk gelen servis isteine ilikin tutulan istatistik Tablo 1de verilmitir. Mteriye, telefon ettii gn hizmet vermek yerine, sonraki iki gnden birine randevu verilmektedir. Mterilerin %60 bir gn sonraya %40 ise iki gn sonraya randevu almay tercih etmektedirler. Fakat servis arac gnde 8 saat hizmet verebildii iin baz durumlarda randevu verilecek zaman kalmayabilmektedir. Bunu hesap edebilmek iin Filiz Hanm arza tiplerini Byk ve Kk olmak zere ikiye ayrmtr. Deneyiminden Byk arza tipinin tamir sresinin ortalama 80 dakika sreceini; Kk arza tipinin ise ortalama 40 dakika sreceini dnerek randevu vermektedir. rnein mteri aramba gnne randevu istediinde, telefonda sorduu sorularla arzann tipini belirlemeye almaktadr. Eer arza tipi Byk ise aramba gn iin 80 dakikalk boluk olup olmadna bakmaktadr. Eer aramba gnnn 8 saatinin 7 saati daha nceki randevular nedeniyle dolmusa, kalan 60 dakikada Byk arzaya gidilemeyecei iin mteriye bu durum aklanmakta ve dier gne randevu almak isteyip istemedii sorulmaktadr. Mteriler %20 olaslkla dier gne randevuyu kabul etmektedirler. Bunu kabul etmeyen mteriler karlm saylmaktadr. Gelen 150 arza tipine ilikin bilgiler Tablo 2de verilmitir. Filiz Hanm randevu verirken sreleri sabit olarak alsa da gerek servis sresi deikendir. Yaplan alma sonucunda gerek servis sresinin, her iki arza tipi iin de, 0.8 katndan 1.3 katna kadar deitii grlmtr. Bu durumla ilgili bilgiler Tablo 3te verilmitir. Sz konusu artn 0.8-1.0-1.3 arasnda gen dalma uyabilecei dnlmektedir (Ki-Kare testi ile inceleyiniz). Servis aralar o gn hizmet verilecek btn mteriler gitmeden iletmeye dnmemektedirler. Bu nedenle 8 saatin geildii durumda fazla mesai creti almaktadrlar. Servis aracnn herhangi iki nokta arasndaki ulam sresi 10 dakikadr. lgili simlasyon modelini kurunuz. Pazartesi gnnden Cuma gnne kadar altrnz (Pazartesi ve Sal gnlerini yalnzca randevular oluturmak iin kullannz. Servis aracnn almas aramba gnnden balayacaktr.) a) Karlan mteri says b) Ara bana fazla mesai bulunuz miktarn Tablo 1. Gnlk talep Gnlk Talep 4 5 6 Sklk 40 60 50 Tablo 2. Arza tipleri Arza Tipi Byk Kk Sklk 60 90 Tablo 3. Gerek sre katsays 1.03 1.12 1.21 1.11 0.99 0.95 1.00 1.18 0.95 0.93 0.87 1.17 0.94 1.03 1.06 1.11 1.06 1.01 1.18 1.18 Tarih: 29/03/2005 Saat: 18:00 Sre: 110 dakika Soru 2. Bir bankann ar merkezine mteri arlar, ortalamas 2 dakika olan stel dalma uygun ekilde gelmektedir (ekil 1). Gelen arlar iki ksma ayrlmaktadr: Mteri lemleri ve Bankaclk Hizmetleri. Bu ilemler farkl operatrler tarafndan yaplmaktadr. Mterilerin %35i Mteri lemleri yaparken %65i 1 Bankaclk Hizmetlerini semektedir. Gelen mteriye, telefona balandnda, hangi ilemi seecei sorulmaktadr. Gerekli bilgileri girerek mterinin soruya yant vermesi 15 saniye ile 30 saniye arasnda dzgn dalmaktadr. Seimden sonra mteri uygun operatrn kuyruuna aktarlr. Mteriler operatre balanmak iin 1 dakikadan fazla beklememektedirler (sonra telefonu kapatrlar). Mteri lemleri ortalamas 2 dakika standart sapmas 0.8 dakika olan normal dalma uymaktadr. Bankaclk Hizmetleri ise ortalamas 4 dakika standart sapmas 1 dakika olan normal dalma uyar. Mterilerin %30u yanl hizmeti (operatr) semektedir. Bu durumun anlalmas iin geen srelerle ilgili bilgi tutulmu ve bu bilgiler Tablo 4te verilmitir. Bu sre sonunda operatr mteriyi dier operatrn (doru olan) kuyruuna gndermektedir. Tablo 4te verilen srelerin stel dalma uyabilecei dnlmektedir. Fakat verilerin bamszlndan emin olunamamaktadr. Bu amala uygun koum testi ve uygunluk testlerinin kullanlmas gerekmektedir. Sfr annda her noktada bir mterinin olduunu varsayarak yeni gelen 5 mteri iin modeli altrnz. a) Mterilerin kuyrukta ortalama bekleme srelerini b) Vazgeen mteri orann bulunuz. ekil 1. Sistemin aklanmas Mteri lemleri Merkez Yanl seim Bankaclk Hizmetleri Tablo 4. Yanlln anlalmasna kadar geen sreler (dakika) 0.02 0.25 0.48 0.26 0.15 1.09 0.58 1.17 Rastsal Normal Saylar 0.24 1.16 1.53 -0.88 0.25 -0.09 -0.59 -0.68 -1.29 2.26 0.84 1.21 0.14 0.99 1.67 1.28 1- 0.950 1.358 Notlar: Ki-Kare Deerleri Serbestlik Derecesi 3 4 5 Kolmogorov-Smirnov Durum Parametreler biliniyor Normal 0.975 9.35 11.14 12.8 0.95 7.81 9.49 11.1 0.90 6.25 7.78 9.2 -0.52 0.59 -0.12 0.88 -0.12 0.34 0.89 -1.45 Dzeltilmi Test statistii 0.850 1.138 0.900 1.224 0.975 1.480 0.990 1.628 stel 0.11 Dn n + 0.12 + n 0.85 Dn n 0.01 + n 0.2 0.5 Dn n + 0.26 + n n 0.775 0.819 0.895 0.955 1.035 0.926 0.990 1.094 1.190 1.308 ...B A A R I L A R... 2
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Istanbul Technical University - SIMULATION - 20091
T LETME FAKLTES ENDSTR MHENDSL BLM SSTEM SMLASYONU DERS YARIYIL SONU SINAVI Yrd. Do. Dr. Erhan Bozda Ara. Gr. Baar ztayi Ara. Gr. Emel Akta Not: Kitap, ders notu vd. aktr. 1. Soru 40, 2. Soru 30, 3. Soru 30 puandr. Soru 1. ki yaka arasnda ara tayan deniz
Istanbul Technical University - SIMULATION - 20091
T LETME FAKLTES ENDSTR MHENDSL BLM SSTEM SMLASYONU DERS YARIYIL SINAVI Yrd. Do. Dr. Erhan Bozda Ara. Gr. Emel Akta, Ara. Gr. zgr Kabadurmu Ara. Gr. Ara. Gr. Murat Engin nal, Ara. Gr. Ronay Ak Tarih: 06/04/2006 Saat: 18:00 Sre: 120 dakikaSoru Bir retim si
Istanbul Technical University - SIMULATION - 20091
T LETME FAKLTES ENDSTR MHENDSL BLM SSTEM SMLASYONU DERS YARIYIL SONU SINAVIYrd. Do. Dr. Erhan Bozda Ara. Gr. Emel Akta, Ara. Gr. zgr Kabadurmu Ara. Gr. Murat Engin nal, Ara. Gr. Ronay AkTarih: 24/05/2006 Saat: 16:00 Sre: 120 dakikaSoru 1. Seri imalat y
Istanbul Technical University - SIMULATION - 20091
SSTEM SMLASYONUY. Do. Dr. Erhan Bozda Aratrma grevlileri belli deilE-Mail: bozdagc@itu.edu.tr Adres: http:/atlas.cc.itu.edu.tr/~bozdagc1Dersin eriiTarih05.02.2008KonuDers Tantm. Sistem ve snflar. Monte Carlo Simlasyonu. Sistem analizi, sistem duru
Istanbul Technical University - SIMULATION - 20091
Sistem KavramlarAma Elemanlar likiler Eleman zellikleri:Sabitler Deikenler ParametrelerBaz Simlasyon KavramlarKstlar Varsaymlar Performans lt Sistem durumu Sistem olay1Para (Entity)zellik (Attribute)Lokasyon (Location) Kaynak (Resource) Genel deik
Istanbul Technical University - SIMULATION - 20091
Olaslk TeorisiOlaslk nedir? Olaslk:p ( xi ) = P( X = xi )P( x B) = f ( x)dxBOlaslk Dalmlar0.12 0.10 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.00 0.00 1.20 1.00 0.80 0.60 0.40 0.20 0.00 0.005.0010.0015.0020.001.002.003.004.005.00Birikimli olaslk:F ( x ) = p (
Istanbul Technical University - SIMULATION - 20091
Sezgisel Test: Kutu GrafiiGzlenen1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11Uygunluk Testleri Gzlemlerin dalm fonksiyonu F olan bir dalmndan alnm bamsz veriler olup olmadna ilikin hipotez testleridir. H 0 : X iler dalm fonksiyonu F olan IID rastsal deikendirler. Az veri
Istanbul Technical University - LOGISTICS - 20091
Winter 2009 Prof. Dr. Fsun lenginProf.Dr. Fsun lengin, 20091What Is a Supply Chain?Flow of products and services from: Raw materials manufacturers Intermediate products manufacturers End product manufacturers Wholesalers and distributors and Retaile
Istanbul Technical University - LOGISTICS - 20091
Prof.Dr. Fsun lengin, 20091Logistics Strategy The 4 problem areas of supply chain planningCustomer ser vice levels Facility location Inventory decisions Transportation decisionsRecall the logistics strategy triangle When to plan?No distribution net
Istanbul Technical University - LOGISTICS - 20091
Prof.Dr. Fsun lengin, 20091The Logistics/Supply Chain ProductLogistics/Supply Chain managers are owners of the product-flow process from raw material sources to final consumers, not activity administrators.Prof.Dr. Fsun lengin, 20092Product in the P
Istanbul Technical University - LOGISTICS - 20091
Prof. Dr. Fsun lenginFusun Ulengin, 20091Customer Service in Planning TriangleInventory Strategy Forecasting Inventory decisions Purchasing and supply scheduling decisions Storage fundamentals Storage decisionsTransport StrategyORGANIZING The prod
Istanbul Technical University - LOGISTICS - 20091
Data Collection in Logistics ActivitiesProf. Dr. Fsun lenginData collectionData needed in a typical network configuration problem:Location of customers, retailers, existing warehouses and distribution centers, manufacturing facilities and suppliers Al
Istanbul Technical University - LOGISTICS - 20091
Transport Mode Selection ProblemFsun lengin, 20091Transport Fundamentals in Planning TriangleInventory StrategyORGANIZING The product Logistics service Ord . proc. & info. sys.Location Strategy Location decisions The network planning processFsun
Istanbul Technical University - LOGISTICS - 20091
Prof.Dr. Fsun lenginFusun Ulengin1Vehicle Routing: Separate single origin and destination: Once we have selected transport mode and have goods that need to go from point A to point B, we must decide how to route a vehicle (or vehicles) from point A
Istanbul Technical University - LOGISTICS - 20091
Prof. Dr. Fsun lenginFsun lengin, 20091The Savings Method for VRPStop dA,0 A 0 Depot dB,0 d0,B d0,A B 0 Depot dB,0 Bd0,AA dA,BStop (a) Initial routing (b) Combining two stops on a route Route distance = d +dA,0 +d0,B + d Route distance = d0,A +dA,B
Istanbul Technical University - LOGISTICS - 20091
SINGLE FACILITY LOCATION MODELSProf.Dr. Fsun lengin, 20091Facility Location Decisions Classifying location decisions Driving force (critical factor - traffic, labor rates, emergency facilities, obnoxious facilities) Number of facilities Discrete vs. c
Istanbul Technical University - LOGISTICS - 20091
Drawbacks of Single Facility Location Models Demand is assumed to be concentrated at a single point, when in fact demand is generated from a number of retail stores or individual companies. The market center of gravity is often used as the demand focal p
Istanbul Technical University - SIMULATION - 20091
T ENDSTR MHENDSL BLM SSTEM SMLASYONU YARIYIL SINAV SORU YANITLARI 29/03/2005 Soru 1. nce elle simlasyonda kullanacamz ters dnm denklemlerini bulmamz gerekmektedir. Dier dalmlar ak bir ekilde belirtilmiken gerek sre katsaysnn verileri verilmi ve gen dalma
Istanbul Technical University - LOGISTICS - 20091
TALEP ve ARZ PLANLAMAProf. Dr. Mehmet TANYA mehmet.tanyas@okan.edu.trKasm 2007, stanbul RKETLERDE TZY YAPILANMASITEDARK ZNCR YNETCSLOJSTK YNETM PAKETLEME DEPO YNETM TALEP ve TALEP ARZ PLANLAMA ARZ SPAR YNETM ve ve SEVKIYAT SEVKIYAT DI TCARET CARET OP
Istanbul Technical University - LOGISTICS - 20091
TRANSPORTASYON YNET MMehmet TANYATRANSPORTASYON YNET M Transportasyon/Tamaclk, yk ve/veya insanlarn bir yerden baka bir yere fiziksel hareketidir. Yk tamacl, lojistiin temel ve en nemli ksmdr. Uluslararas lojistikte, Transportasyon fonksiyonu daha da n
Istanbul Technical University - LOGISTICS - 20091
ULUSLARARASI LOJ ST KMehmet TANYAULUSLARARASI T CARET ve LOJ ST KD piyasaya nasl girileceinin karar, lojistie olan talep zerinde nemli bir etkiye sahiptir.hracat : En az sorumluluk ykleyen metot olup, rn bir kurumsal mteriye ihracat yoluyla gnderilir.
Istanbul Technical University - LOGISTICS - 20091
Geleneksel DatmBAA ADepoBAA BB Tedarikiler Kabul Yerletirme Depolama kmal Toplama SevkyatMaazalarapraz SevkyatBAAapraz apraz Sevkyat Tesisi TesisiBAABB Tedarikiler Kabul lem (<24hr) SevkyatMaazalarCrossdocking Crossdocking
Istanbul Technical University - LOGISTICS - 20091
Depo Ynetiminin AmalarDEPO YNET MProf. Dr. Mehmet TANYAEn Az Alan/Hacm En Fazla Depolama Talepleri Hzla Karlamak En Az Fire Etkin Gvenlik Veri Gvenilirlii En Az Hatal Sevkiyat1 2Depo levleriTEMEL LEVLERDEPO S STEM ELEMANLARISabitlerAra says Perso
Istanbul Technical University - LOGISTICS - 20091
DI T CARET NED R?Bir lkedeki mevcut ticari kurulularn, dier bir lkedeki ticari kurulular ile mevcut kanun ve kurallar erevesinde yapm olduklar ticari alveriin btnne D Ticaret denir. Gmrk Mstearl, lkemizde bu kurallar ile ilgili mevzuat uygulamakla ykmldr
Istanbul Technical University - LOGISTICS - 20091
GZET M RKET NED R? GZETGzetim irketi; uluslararas kurallarn gerei olarak, mevzuat, sat akdi veya akreditifler gereince tart ve analiz yaplmasn zorunlu bulunan hallerde, Ticarete konu olan malda (mamul/yar mamul) aranan zelliklerle ilgili kalite kontrol v
Istanbul Technical University - LOGISTICS - 20091
T.C. BABAKANLIK GMRK MSTEARLIIGMRK MEVZUATI UYGULAMALARIGMRK KANUNUGenel Hkmler (Madde 1-14) Gmrk Vergilerinin ve Ticaret Politikalarnn Uygulanmasnda Esas Alnacak Unsurlar (Madde 15-32) Tatlarn Kontrol ve Gmrk Blgesine Getirilen Eyaya Uygulanacak Hkmle
Istanbul Technical University - LOGISTICS - 20091
LOJ ST K VE TEDAR K Z NC R YNET M NDE B LG TEKNOLOJ LERProf.Dr. Mehmet TANYA Okan niversitesi Uluslararas Lojistik Blm Bakan ve Lojistik Dernei Ynetim Kurulu Bakan Nisan 2008, stanbul A Tasarm Talep Planlama Mteri Hizmet Dzeyi-Stok Optimizasyonu retim i
Istanbul Technical University - LOGISTICS - 20091
LOJ ST K YNET M YNETProf. Dr. Mehmet TANYA OKAN niversitesi Uluslararas OKAN Lojistik Blm Bakan ve Lojistik ve Lojistik Dernei(LODER) Dernei(LODER) Ynetim Kurulu yesi ubat 2008 stanbulSUNUM ZET SUNUMLojistikte Verimlilik Nakliye Nedir? Lojistikte Nakli
東京大学 - BUSINESS A - 139
Y 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 5100 5300 5650 6300 6400 6700 7035 7000 6200 6100 5600 5900X 75 78 80 92 98 108 118 112 95 90 85 90Y 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 5100 5300 5650 6300 6400 6700 7035 7000 6200 6100 5600 5900X1 75 78 80 92 98 108 118 112 95 90
東京大学 - BUSINESS A - 139
CHAPTER 2 Basic Cost Management Concepts and Accounting for Mass Customization OperationsANSWERS TO REVIEW QUESTIONS2-1 Product costs are costs that are associated with manufactured goods until the time period during which the products are sold, when th
東京大学 - BUSINESS A - 139
CHAPTER 3 Product Costing and Cost Accumulation in a Batch Production EnvironmentANSWERS TO REVIEW QUESTIONS3-1 (a) Use in financial accounting: In financial accounting, product costs are needed to determine the value of inventory on the balance sheet a
東京大学 - BUSINESS A - 139
CHAPTER 4 Process Costing and Hybrid Product-Costing SystemsANSWERS TO REVIEW QUESTIONS4-1 In a job-order costing system, costs are assigned to batches or job orders of production. Job-order costing is used by firms that produce relatively small numbers
東京大学 - BUSINESS A - 139
CHAPTER 5 Activity-Based CostingANSWERS TO REVIEW QUESTIONS5-1 In a traditional, volume-based product-costing system, only a single predetermined overhead rate is used. All manufacturingoverhead costs are combined into one cost pool, and they are applie
東京大学 - BUSINESS A - 139
CHAPTER 6 Activity-Based Management and Cost Management ToolsANSWERS TO REVIEW QUESTIONS6-1 The two-dimensional activity-based costing model provides one way of picturing the relationship between ABC and ABM. The vertical dimension of the model depicts
東京大学 - BUSINESS A - 139
CHAPTER 7 Activity Analysis, Cost Behavior, and Cost EstimationANSWERS TO REVIEW QUESTIONS7-1 Cost behavior patterns are important in the process of making cost predictions. Cost predictions are used in planning, control, and decision making. For exampl
東京大学 - BUSINESS A - 139
(CDP)CH03 1 2 3 4 1
東京大学 - BUSINESS A - 139
Need Recognition ProcessCH04 12 ( ) ( ) ( ) 3 41 : 1. 2. 3. 4. :
東京大学 - BUSINESS A - 139
Ch05 1 2 341 1. Determinants of Retailer Success 1. Location 2. Nature and quality of assortment 3. Price 4. Advertising and promotion 5. Sales personnel 6. Service offer
東京大学 - BUSINESS A - 139
CHAPTER 6 Post-Purchase Processes: Consumption and PostConsumption Evaluations : 12 Consumption Behavior 3 41Consumption BehaviorWhen does Consumption Occur? How much time passes between purchase and consumption? What time of day is produc
東京大学 - BUSINESS A - 139
Analyzing and Predicting Consumer Behavior CHAPTER 7Demographics Personality Values LifestylesDemographics, Psychographics, Values, and Personality 89 65 8.62% 7% =(65 /0-14 )*100 80 24.79%89 40.85% =(0-14 +65)/ 15-64 *100 80 48.96%89 42.32%
東京大学 - BUSINESS A - 139
Consumer Motivation CHAPTER 8Represents the drive to satisfy both physiological and psychological needs through product purchase and consumption Consumer Motivation Roger D. Blackwell, Paul W. Miniard, and James F. Engel, Consumer Behavior , Ninth Edi
東京大学 - BUSINESS A - 139
CH09 12 3 41 : Recall : which brands can be retrieved from memory Top-of-the-mind awareness : the particular brand that is remembered first (Product image): (symbols) (Image analysis):
東京大学 - BUSINESS A - 139
CHAPTER 12The Importance of Families and Households on Consumer Behavior Many products are purchased by a family unitFamily and Household Influences Individual buying decisions s may be heavily influenced by other family members Families and Househol
東京大学 - BUSINESS A - 139
CHAPTER 3The Consumer Decision ProcessRogerD.Blackwell,PaulW.Miniard,andJamesF.Engel,ConsumerBehavior,NinthEdition Copyright2001byHarcourt,Inc.Allrightsreserved.The Consumer Decision ProcessBlackwell,Miniard,andEngel,ConsumerBehavior,NinthEdition,Copy
東京大学 - BUSINESS A - 139
-- 1 * ) N (Item Data) (Work Center) (Routing)- MPS - Production(Bills Of Material)- MPS - Production2( hY p) hB)*Q+ MPS BOMs * MPS h )BQ+N)*( *)B h D@ B + D@ B + MPS * (JB +Resource3(Item Data) PathManufacturing/Item Control/Item Data/Ma
東京大学 - BUSINESS A - 139
Market Informationu:1Customers Sales FCST2uuuCustomer Data Sales Quotations RCCPuuuSales ContractBOMs Routing2.1 2.2Item Data uSales OrderMPS BOMs u MPS Routing MPSuDaily Production Order AA b CRP2.35 4Material RequisitionsWork Sta
東京大学 - BUSINESS A - 139
Market Informationu:1Customers Sales FCST2uuuCustomer Data Sales Quotations RCCPuuuSales ContractBOMs Routing2.1 2.2Item Data uSales OrderMPS BOMs u MPS Routing MPSuDaily Production Order ( b CRP2.35 4Material RequisitionsWork Stat
東京大学 - BUSINESS A - 139
LEARNING MANUFACTURING RESOURCES PLANNING INTRODUCTION Manufacturing resources planning (MRP II) involves various time-phased calculations such as master production scheduling (MPS), material requirement planning (MRP), lot sizing, and capacity requiremen
東京大学 - BUSINESS A - 139
00: group1: group1VM 00
東京大学 - BUSINESS A - 139
ERP E User Account :- User name : group + E ex : group1 e group2 - password : group + E ex : group1 e group21ERP h f*2
東京大学 - BUSINESS A - 139
CHAPTER 9 Profit Planning, Activity-Based Budgeting, and e-BudgetingANSWERS TO REVIEW QUESTIONS9-1 A budget facilitates communication and coordination by making each manager throughout the organization aware of the plans made by other managers. The budg
東京大学 - BUSINESS A - 139
CHAPTER 10 Standard Costing and Performance Measures for Todays Manufacturing EnvironmentANSWERS TO REVIEW QUESTIONS10-1 Any control system has three basic parts: a predetermined or standard performance level, a measure of actual performance, and a comp
東京大学 - BUSINESS A - 139
東京大学 - BUSINESS A - 139
CHAPTER 12 Responsibility Accounting and Total Quality ManagementANSWERS TO REVIEW QUESTIONS12-1 Goal congruence results when the managers of subunits throughout an organization strive to achieve objectives that are consistent with the goals set by top
東京大学 - BUSINESS A - 139
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東京大学 - BUSINESS A - 139
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東京大学 - BUSINESS A - 139
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東京大学 - BUSINESS A - 139
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東京大学 - BUSINESS A - 139
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東京大学 - BUSINESS A - 139
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東京大学 - BUSINESS A - 139