Please ________________________________________ PRINT your name above BSCI 440; Summer 2002 Examination II: W. J. Higgins DIRECTIONS Please PRINT your name on each page of examination immediately!!!! NOW!! You absolutely must confine your answers to the spaces provided. Do not wander off onto the back of a page, the margins around some other question, or such foolishness. Your handwriting (printing) must be legible. If you have completed the examination before the end of the period, sign the honor statement below, and place the exam in the correct envelope at the front of the room.
SCOREBOARD
Question #1. #2. #3. #4. #5. #6. #7. #8. #9. Higgins Points 48 56 16 15 16 24 40 14 21 Your Score ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
Total
250
_____________
I certify that I neither sought nor gave any unauthorized information while taking this examination. _____________________________________ Signature ________________ Date
__________________________________________________________________
1
________________________________________ Please PRINT your name above #1. Look at the back page of the exam. It's SUPER page!!!!! The questions are on this page; place your answers on the back page. (You will be given a second copy to draft your answers which should then be NEATLY transcribed onto the last page.) Fill in the top TWO graphs accurately! Please note that the ventricular volume graph does not have a time component, so do not try to link it to the ECG. However the graph of Aortic BP can be linked to the ECG since they both have the same Time scale on the X axis. On the ventricular volume vs. muscle strength plot, label the following points: point of aortic vale closure - A point of A-V valve closure - B point of AV valve opening - C End of systole - D End of Diastole - E Beginning of atrial repolarization - F Location of the ECG P wave - G Location of the ECG T wave - H Location of the ECG QRS complex - I Location of the point of minimal pressure in the ventricle - J Now label the aortic pressure plot with the following: Point of AV valve opening - P Point of Semilunar valve opening - Q Beginning of Systole - R Beginning of Diastole - S Finally according to your plots the way you drew them, give numerical values for: DP _____________ ESV _____________ SP_____________ EDV___________ PP ______________ SV _____________
a.
b.
c.
d.
#2. Let's now fill in the following table using I, D, or No: DRUG / NT HR SV TPR VR Muscarinic Agonist EPI agonist 1 agonist 2 agonist 1 agonist Nicotinic agonist (low dose) Vasodilator
CO
DP
PP
2
________________________________________ Please PRINT your name above #3. Increased TPR in a healthy subject DIRECTLY results in : VR _________ SV ______ TPR ______ CO ______ DP ______ SP ______
HR ______
EXPLANATION: ___________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ #4. Explain in detail (but ONLY in the spaces below)how histamine released in response to an insect bite leads to local tissue swelling: ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ #5. List four STRUCTURAL features of cardiac muscle cells and then give a brief summary of the importance or reason for each: Structure: Function: a.____________________________ _______________________________________ b.____________________________ c.____________________________ d.____________________________ #6. A. _______________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________
Please draw a ventricular muscle cell action potential below.
Vm In mV
Time in msec 3
________________________________________ Please PRINT your name above 6. b. Describe the changes in membrane conductances that are responsible for the three major sections or phases of this AP: Description of the Phase a.____________________________ b.____________________________ c.____________________________ 6. c. Changes in membrane conductances _______________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________
Now please describe the two main functions or purposes served by the cardiac action potential:
1._______________________________________________________________________ 2._______________________________________________________________________ #7. Please list the steps in the body's immediate homeostatic response to a sudden increase in MAP:
4
________________________________________ Please PRINT your name above #8. What is the significance of Poiseuille's Law to the circulatory system?
__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ #9.
a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j. k. l. m. n. o. p. q. r. s. t. u.
Time for your favorite (I)ncrease, (D)ecrease, or No :
As plasma CO2 increases, plasma pH a._________ As ...