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Exploration_Routing_Chapter_3
Course: BCN 2193, Fall 2009School: Allan Hancock College
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to Introduction Dynamic Routing Protocol Routing Protocols and Concepts Chapter 3 ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 1 Objectives Describe the role of dynamic routing protocols and place these protocols in the context of modern network design. Identify several ways to classify routing protocols. Describe how metrics are used by routing protocols and identify...
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to Introduction Dynamic Routing Protocol
Routing Protocols and Concepts Chapter 3
ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1
2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco Public
1
Objectives
Describe the role of dynamic routing protocols and place these protocols in the context of modern network design. Identify several ways to classify routing protocols. Describe how metrics are used by routing protocols and identify the metric types used by dynamic routing protocols. Determine the administrative distance of a route and describe its importance in the routing process. Identify the different elements of the routing table.
ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1
2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco Public
2
Dynamic Routing Protocols
Function(s) of Dynamic Routing Protocols: -Dynamically share information between routers. -Automatically update routing table when topology changes. -Determine best path to a destination.
ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1
2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco Public
3
Dynamic Routing Protocols
The purpose of a dynamic routing protocol is to: -Discover remote networks -Maintaining up-to-date routing information -Choosing the best path to destination networks -Ability to find a new best path if the current path is no longer available
ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1
2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco Public
4
Dynamic Routing Protocols
Components of a routing protocol Algorithm In the case of a routing protocol algorithms are used for facilitating routing information and best path determination Routing protocol messages These are messages for discovering neighbors and exchange of routing information
ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1
2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco Public
5
Dynamic Routing Protocols
Advantages of static routing -It can backup multiple interfaces/networks on a router -Easy to configure -No extra resources are needed -More secure Disadvantages of static routing -Network changes require manual reconfiguration -Does not scale well in large topologies
ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1
2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco Public
6
Classifying Routing Protocols
Dynamic routing protocols are grouped according to characteristics. Examples include:
-RIP -IGRP -EIGRP -OSPF -IS-IS -BGP
Autonomous System is a group of routers under the control of a single authority.
ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
7
Classifying Routing Protocols
Types of routing protocols: -Interior Gateway Protocols (IGP) -Exterior Gateway Protocols (EGP)
ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1
2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco Public
8
Classifying Routing Protocols
Interior Gateway Routing Protocols (IGP) -Used for routing inside an autonomous system & used to route within the individual networks themselves. -Examples: RIP, EIGRP, OSPF Exterior Routing Protocols (EGP) -Used for routing between autonomous systems -Example: BGPv4
ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1
2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco Public
9
Classifying Routing Protocols
IGP: Comparison of Distance Vector & Link State Routing Protocols
Distance vector routes are advertised as vectors of distance & direction. incomplete view of network topology. Generally, periodic updates. Link state complete view of network topology is created. updates are not periodic.
ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
10
Classifying Routing Protocols
ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1
2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco Public
11
Classifying Routing Protocols
Classful routing protocols
Do NOT send subnet in mask routing updates
Classless routing protocols
Do send subnet mask in routing updates.
ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1
2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco Public
12
Classifying Routing Protocols
Convergence is defined as when all routers' routing tables are at a state of consistency
ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1
2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco Public
13
Routing Protocols Metrics
Metric
A value used by a routing protocol to determine which routes are better than others.
ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1
2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco Public
14
Routing Protocols Metrics
Metrics used in IP routing protocols -Bandwidth -Cost -Delay -Hop count -Load -Reliability
ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1
2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco Public
15
Routing Protocols Metrics
The Metric Field in the Routing Table Metric used for each routing protocol -RIP - hop count -IGRP & EIGRP Bandwidth (used by default), Delay (used by default), Load, Reliability -IS-IS & OSPF Cost, Bandwidth (Cisco's implementation)
ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
16
Routing Protocols Metrics
Load balancing
This is the ability of a router to distribute packets among multiple same cost paths
ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1
2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco Public
17
Administrative Distance of a Route
Purpose of a metric It's a calculated value used to determine the best path to a destination Purpose of Administrative Distance It's a numeric value that specifies the preference of a particular route
ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1
2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco Public
18
Administrative Distance of a Route
Identifying the Administrative Distance (AD) in a routing table It is the first number in the brackets in the routing table
ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1
2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco Public
19
Administrative Distance of a Route
Dynamic Routing Protocols
ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1
2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco Public
20
Administrative Distance of a Route
Directly connected routes Have a default AD of 0 Static Rou...
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