Register now to access 7 million high quality study materials (What's Course Hero?) Course Hero is the premier provider of high quality online educational resources. With millions of study documents, online tutors, digital flashcards and free courseware, Course Hero is helping students learn more efficiently and effectively. Whether you're interested in exploring new subjects or mastering key topics for your next exam, Course Hero has the tools you need to achieve your goals.
20 Pages
Chapter10
Course: AGEC 105, Summer 2009School: Texas A&M
Rating:
Word Count: 483
Document Preview
theEnvironment NaturalResources, andAgriculture Chapter10 TopicsofDiscussion Agricultureandtheenvironment Economicsoftheenvironment Economicsofresourcesinagriculture Governmentpoliciesforagriculture, naturalresources,andtheenvironment Water Use in the U.S. Source USGS http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/totrendbar.html TheWorldsWaterSupply Ifallearthswaterfitinagallon jug,availablefreshwater wouldequaljustovera...
Unformatted Document Excerpt
Coursehero >> Texas >> Texas A&M >> AGEC 105Course Hero has millions of student submitted documents similar to the one
below including study guides, practice problems, reference materials, practice exams, textbook help and tutor support.
Course Hero has millions of student submitted documents similar to the one
below including study guides, practice problems, reference materials, practice exams, textbook help and tutor support.
theEnvironment NaturalResources, andAgriculture
Chapter10
TopicsofDiscussion
Agricultureandtheenvironment Economicsoftheenvironment Economicsofresourcesinagriculture Governmentpoliciesforagriculture,
naturalresources,andtheenvironment
Water Use in the U.S.
Source USGS http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/totrendbar.html
TheWorldsWaterSupply
Ifallearthswaterfitinagallon jug,availablefreshwater wouldequaljustovera tablespoonlessthanhalf ofonepercentofthetotal. About97percentofthe planetswaterisseawater, anothertwopercentis lockedinicecapsand glaciers.Vastreservesof freshwaterunderlieearths surface,butmuchofitistoo deeptoeconomicallytap.
Land Use in the U.S. - %
100 23 80
Cropland Grassland pasture and range Forest use land Special uses
19
Percentage
26
60
31
Miscellaneous Urban
40 30 20 8 5 3
29
13 10 3 All States
0
Lower 48 Source USDA/ERS Major Land Uses Data
Agriculture and the Environment
Agriculture(crop+grasslands)/Forests Usevariesbyregion/state Losingagriculturallandtourban/otheruses Agriculturemajorcontributortopollution Agriculturemajorwateruser BUTwecannotlivewithoutagriculture
84%oflanduseinthelower48states
Problemisnotnecessarilytheamountoflandbut type/locationoftheland
Environment Issues
Multitudeofissues
Rangefromindividual(landdegradation)to regional(waterpollution)toglobalissues(global warming) AGEC350EnvironmentalandNaturalResource Economics AGEC422LandEconomics Pollutionexternalities Ecosystemservicespublicgoods
Discusstwoissues
Efficientlevelofabatement
EfficientPropertyRights
Enforceability:securityofindividual
rights fromoneindividualtoanother Transferability:canbetransferred Exclusivity:allassociatedbenefitsand costsarereceivedbyonlyone individualatatime
Efficiencyanddamagefromexternalities
Efficiencyanddamagefromexternalities
EnvironmentalPolicies
CommandandControlpolicies Taxesandsubsidies Transferablerights
Costofabatementifbothfirmsabatethesameamount
Taxesandsubsidiesleads firmstothecosteffective allocationofabatement responsibilities.
EconomicsofSoilUse
Soilqualityandquantity Economicsofconservation TheDustBowl
Characteristicsofsoil Presentvalueofsoilresources
WaterasanAsset
Surfacewater Groundwater
Profitabilityofwateruse Priorappropriationrights Conditionsforefficientuse Rateofrechargeforaquifers
Transferablerights
Marginalrevenueandmarginalofwateruse.
USGovernmentPolicies
Soilerosionpoliciesandthe
PurposeoftheCRP Directandindirecteffects
ConservationReserveProgram
Otherfederalincentiveprograms Environmentalregulations EndangeredSpeciesAct
EnvironmentalQualityIncentivesProgram WetlandsReserveProgram
Economistsplayarolein
Summary
designingpoliciesthataffectthe environmentandnatural resources. Incentivesmatterwhendesigning policiestoachievedesired objectives. Agricultureimpactsthe environmentthroughwater pollution,airpollution,and emissionsofgreenhousegases amongotherways. Waterandsoilareassetsthat havevalueandnetbenefits associatedwiththeiruse. Governmentplaysanactiverolein guidingandregulatingtheuseof resourcesandimpacton
Find millions of documents on Course Hero - Study Guides, Lecture Notes, Reference Materials, Practice Exams and more.
Course Hero has millions of course specific materials providing students with the best way to expand
their education.
Below is a small sample set of documents:
Below is a small sample set of documents:
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
Government Interventionin AgricultureChapter11TopicsofDiscussionDefiningtheFarmProblem Formsofgovernmentintervention Consumerissues Priceandincomesupportmechanism Phasingoutofsupplymanagement Domesticdemandexpansion ImportanceofexportdemandTheFarmProb
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
P r oduct M ar k ets and N ational OutputChapter 12D iscussion T opicsCir cular flow of payments Composition and measur ementof Gr oss D omestic Pr oduct ( GD P) Consumption, saving and i nvestment Equilibr ium national income a nd outputF our major
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
Introduction to Production and Resource UseChapter 6Topics of DiscussionConditions of perfect competition Classification of inputs Important production relationships(assume one variable input in this chapter) Assessing short run business costs Economi
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
Market Equilibrium and Market Demand: Perfect CompetitionChapter 8Discussion TopicsDerivation of market supply curve Elasticity of supply and producersurplus Market equilibrium under perfect competition Total economic surplus Adjustments to market equ
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
Market Equilibrium and Market Demand: Imperfect Competition Chapter 9Discussion TopicsMarket structure characteristics Monopolistic competition in selling Oligopolies in selling Monopolies in selling Implications for consumer andproducer surplusMarket
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
Natural Resources, the Environment and AgricultureChapter 10Topics of DiscussionAgriculture and the environment Economics of the environment Economics of resources in agriculture Government policies for agriculture,natural resourcs, and the environmen
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
Government Intervention in AgricultureChapter 11Topics of DiscussionDefining the Farm Problem Government intervention Consumer issues Price and income support Domestic demand expansion Importance of export demandPrice and Income Support A Historical P
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
Macroeconomic Policy FundamentalsChapter 13Discussion TopicsCharacteristics of money Federal Reserve System Changing the money supply Money market equilibrium Effects of monetary policy on economy The federal budget deficit The national debt Fiscal pol
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
Consequences of Business FluctuationsChapter 14Discussion TopicsFluctuations in business activity Consequences of business fluctuations Macroeconomic policy optionsNature of Business FluctuationsExpansionary phase Peak of business cycle Recessionary
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
Agriculture and International TradeChapter 16Discussion TopicsGrowth and instability in agriculturaltrade The importance of agricultural trade The composition of agricultural trade Direction of U.S. agricultural trade U.S. agricultural trade performan
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
AGEC 105Introduction to Agricultural EconomicsAriun IshdorjIntroduction Introduction IMPORTANT DATES Friday, September 3 last day to add/drop courses Quiz on Friday, September 10. CLASS WEB SITE http:/elearning.tamu.edu/ SYLLABUS CHAPTER 1 Graphs and
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
AGEC 105Chapter 3 (PART 2)Theory of Consumer BehaviorTopics of Discussion THE BUDGET CONTSTRAINT UTILITY THEORY Total Utility Marginal Utility Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility INDIFFERENCE CURVE Concept of Isoutility Marginal Rate of Substitution
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
AGEC 105Chapter 3Theory of Consumer BehaviorIntroductionIMPORTANT DATES Quiz on Friday, September 10. CLASS WEB SITE http:/elearning.tamu.edu/ CHAPTER 3 Theory of Consumer Behavior Examples2Topics of Discussion THE BUDGET CONTSTRAINT UTILITY THEOR
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
AGEC 105Chapter 4: Consumer Equilibrium and Market DemandQuiz1 Count: 121 Average: 20.0 Median: 20.0 Maximum: 25.0 Minimum: 3.82Announcements Quiz2,Friday,September24,Chapters3and4 Exam1,Wednesday,September29,Chapters1,3,4and5 Reviewsessions,Tuesda
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
AGEC105 Chapter5ElasticitiesAnnouncementsExam1,Wednesday,September29,Ch.1,3,4and5Reviewsessions,Tuesdays,Blocker113,7:309:30pmReviewproblemsarepostedonELEARNINGDiscussionTopicsOwnpriceelasticityofdemand Incomeelasticityofdemand Crosspriceelastici
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
Introductionto Productionand ResourceUseChapter6TopicsofDiscussionConditionsofperfectcompetition Classificationofinputs Importantproductionrelationships(assumeonevariableinputinthis chapter) Assessingshortrunbusinesscosts Economicsofshortrundecisions
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
Agec105Chapter 8: Supply and Demand Part 1Topics of Discussion SUPPLY AND SUPPLY CURVE SUPPLY AND QUANTITY SUPPLIED Shifts vs. Movements along the Supply Curve PUTTING TOGETHER SUPPLY AND DEMAND Market Equilibrium Excess Supply and Excess Demand CON
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
Agec105Chapter 8: Supply and Demand Part 2Equilibrium: Putting Supply and Demand TogetherWhen a market is in equilibrium Both price of good and quantity bought and sold have settled into a state of rest Price at which quantity supplied equals quantit
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
Chapter 1: What is Agricultural Economics?LEARNING OBJECTIVES Define economics and agricultural economics. Distinguish between the fields of macroeconomics and microeconomics. Discuss the difference between positive and normative economic policy analys
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
Chapter 3: Theory of Consumer BehaviorLEARNING OBJECTIVES Understand the concept of total utility. Understand the concept of marginal utility. Be able to apply the Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility. Define an indifference curve and apply the Law of
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
Chapter 4: Consumer Equilibrium and Market DemandLEARNING OBJECTIVES Explain the concept of consumer equilibrium. Demonstrate how changes in prices or income affect consumer equilibrium. Derive a consumer's demand curve. Know the difference between a c
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
Chapter 5: Measurement and Interpretation of ElasticitiesLEARNING OBJECTIVES Define, derive, and interpret an own-price elasticity of demand coefficient. Define, derive, and interpret an income elasticity of demand coefficient. Define, derive, and inte
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
Chapter 6: Introduction to Production and Resource UseLEARNING OBJECTIVES Understand the conditions necessary for perfect competition. Discuss the inputs necessary for the production of a product. Understand, graphically depict, and mathematically de
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
Chapter 8: Market Equilibrium and Product Price: Perfect CompetitionLEARNING OBJECTIVES List the conditions for a perfectly competitive market. Discuss the nature of the firm's supply curve. Derive the market supply curve. Calculate and interpret the o
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
Chapter 9: Market Equilibrium and Product Price: Imperfect CompetitionLEARNING OBJECTIVES Understand the key structural characteristics of competitive market behavior. Understand the pricing and production strategies of different types of imperfect m
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
Chapter 10: Natural Resources, the Environment, and AgricultureLEARNING OBJECTIVES Understand the major issues associated with agriculture and the environment, including water pollution, air pollution and global climate change. Understand the concepts
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
1Chapter 11: Government Intervention in AgricultureLEARNING OBJECTIVES Understand the rationale underlying the federal government's intervention in agriculture. Discuss the features that often result in hard economic times in the agricultural economy.
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
Chapter 12: Product Markets and National OutputLEARNING OBJECTIVES Compare and contrast a barter and monetary economy. Describe the circular flow of payments for the product and resource markets in a monetary economy. Understand the composition and mea
Texas A&M - GEOG - 202
Geography Of Global VillageGEOG 202-507Success in Geography 202 Attend lecture Read the chapter in the text booktwice Print out multiple copies of all regional political and physical geography maps from website Keep pace with readings and lectures Tak
Texas A&M - GEOG - 202
9/8/2010Geography of Global VillageChapter 2 - The Changing Global EnvironmentGEOG 202-507Learning Objectives Learn the basics of Earths environmental systems to prepare for later chapters Understand some of the following concepts, models, and terms:
Texas A&M - GEOG - 202
9/13/2010Geography of Global VillageLatin America GEOG 202-507Learning Objectives Understand Latin America through five themes Understand Latin Americas culture diversity and how colonization has affected it Understand these concepts and models: Agra
Texas A&M - GEOG - 202
Geography of Global Village Latin America (Contd.)GEOG 202-507Latin America: Cultural Patterns European encounter with American civilizations Native populations: 47M in 1500, 10% by 1650 Demographic toll: disease, war, collapse of food production Surv
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
Practice Problems for Chapter 1 AGEC 1051. Even though households may have unlimited wants, they have to allocate their spending carefully because they a. Do not want their credit card bills to be too high b. Worry about their taxes c. Have limited intel
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
Exam 1 Spring 2010 Keys 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. E D C B A B D E A C B C A B B A C A C B A A B A A E E C E A C D B B A A C D E B
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
Agec 105Exam 1Spring 2010 Name: _Choose the single best answer for each question. Each question is worth 2.5 points.1. a. b. c. d. e.Economics is the study of scarcity under conditions of democracy choice within a system of capitalism financial marke
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
Quiz 1 Spring 2010 Keys 1. C 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. E 6. B 7. D 8. A 9. C
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
AGEC 105Quiz 1Spring 2010Name: _Choose the single best answer for each question. Each question is worth 2.5 points. 1. Hills Pet Nutrition, Inc. of Topeka, Kansas has three alternatives for manufacturing pet foods: Alternative 1: Manufacture cat food
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
Quiz 2 Spring 2010 Keys 1. C 2. D 3. 16, 12, 3 and 4 4. B 5. Indifference 6. A 7. A 8. Marginal Rate of Substitution (MRS) 9. B
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
AGEC 105 IshdorjQuiz 2Spring 2010Name: _Choose the single best answer for each question. Each question is worth 2.5 points. 1. As Reba consumes four slices of pizza, her total utility rises from 0 to 18, to 24, to 28, and to 30, respectively. What is
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
AGEC 105Introduction to Agricultural EconomicsAriun IshdorjIntroduction Introduction IMPORTANT DATES Friday, September 3 last day to add/drop courses Quiz on Friday, September 10. CLASS WEB SITE http:/elearning.tamu.edu/ SYLLABUS CHAPTER 1 Graphs and
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
AGEC 105Chapter 3Theory of Consumer BehaviorIntroductionIMPORTANT DATES Quiz on Friday, September 10. CLASS WEB SITE http:/elearning.tamu.edu/ CHAPTER 3 Theory of Consumer Behavior Examples2Topics of Discussion THE BUDGET CONTSTRAINT UTILITY THEOR
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
AGEC 105Chapter 3 (PART 2)Theory of Consumer BehaviorTopics of Discussion THE BUDGET CONTSTRAINT UTILITY THEORY Total Utility Marginal Utility Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility INDIFFERENCE CURVE Concept of Isoutility Marginal Rate of Substitution
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
AGEC 105Chapter 4: Consumer Equilibrium and Market DemandQuiz1 Count: 121 Average: 20.0 Median: 20.0 Maximum: 25.0 Minimum: 3.82Announcements Quiz2,Friday,September24,Chapters3and4 Exam1,Wednesday,September29,Chapters1,3,4and5 Reviewsessions,Tuesda
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
AGEC 105Chapter 5ElasticitiesAnnouncementsExam 1, Wednesday, September 29, Ch. 1, 3, 4and 5Review sessions, Tuesdays, Blocker 113, 7:309:30pmReview problems are posted on E-LEARNINGDiscussion TopicsOwn price elasticity of demand Income elasticity
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
beef Good Price % in beef = 0.572 $20 Haircuts per Week Qrevenue = $5,400 - $5,250 Change = $150 $16 Manicures per Week $12 $8% P = -.50(3.00 3.50)/(3.25) -1.30 .2927Q/(-.1538) /% Pbeef =% = % Qchicken % Q = Q % .1999 = .2929 x 10. chicken Revenue before
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
Practice Problems for Chapters 3 and 4QCoke7Pepsi AGEC 105 5Q1. A consumers budget line shows a. The utility that an individual would receive from consuming various combinations of two goods b. The combination of two goods that an individual is able to
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
AGEC 105 Fall 2010Quiz 1Name: _ Choose the single best answer for each question. Each question is worth 2.5 points. 1. Economics is a. exclusively the study of the markets for stocks and bonds b. the study of choice under conditions of scarcity c. exclu
Texas A&M - AGEC - 105
44 U nit s of AGEC 105 Unit s of1PowerD 12 6 8 CE A 0 Bonment al Qualit y E nvir 3 Fall 2010IshdorjQuiz 21Name: _Choose the single best answer for each question. Each question is worth 2.5 points. 1. Which of the following sets of goods are most lik
UCSD - BIO - BILD 3
A brief history of life on earth The earth is ancient and how we know isotope-dating Atmosphere, weather, positions of continentsThe fossil recordEarth has changed over time The geological record The fossil record Continental drift Recent mammalian ext
UCSD - BIO - BILD 3
ChuckCharles (Chuck)Darwin, 1809 - 1882The Origin of Species - 1859 Created a scientific revolution Unlike some other scientific revolutions, this one did not require any new methods, observations, or calculations Instead it came from the meticulous a
UCSD - BIO - BILD 3
Outline Introduction The Neo-Darwinian s ynthesis Sources of VariationEvolution II: Mechanisms Mutation Sexual recombination Crossing over Independent assortment Hardy Weinberg equilibrium Selection Drift Gene Flow Assortative mating Maintenance
UCSD - BIO - BILD 3
Speciation Darwins mystery of mysteries Involves the splitting of evolutionary lineages Need not involve adaptationOutline Anagenesis and c ladogenesis Species concepts Reproductive isolating mechanisms Prezygotic Postzygotic The geography of speciat
UCSD - BIO - BILD 3
Phylogenetics and Systematics How to read phylogenetic trees Classification (Systematics) Types of phylogenetic trees How to make phylogenetic trees How to use phylogenetic trees The fossil record provides information about the history and relationships
UCSD - BIO - BILD 3
In January, 1995 Janet Allen, a Lafayette, Louisiana nurse tested positive for HIV-1. She accused Richard Schmidt, a local gastroenterologist of infecting her with HIV and hepatitis C. Schmidt himself was not infected with either disease.B. Crime!She cl
UCSD - BIO - BILD 3
Eukaryotes (outline) What are eukaryotes Shared d erived characters How old are eukaryotes Endosymbiotic o rigin of eukaryotic life Protistans are diverse and p araphyletic Now considered to represent several kingdoms New ways of moving Amoeboid movement
UCSD - BIO - BILD 3
Plants. What are they? For more than the first 3 billion years of Earths history the terrestrial surface was lifeless Plants moved onto land at least 475 million years ago Insects colonized land at roughly the same timeFigure 29.1Challenges of a terre
UCSD - BIO - BILD 3
Fungi How they are constructed How they make their living Their unusual life cycles Three major groups Their ecological importance Cell walls of chitin Single celled fungi are called yeastsConstruction These may be from any of the major phylaMulti-c
UCSD - BIO - BILD 3
Hypothesized phylogeny of animals based on molecular dataEchinodermataBrachiopodaPlatyhelminthesCtenophoraChordataCnidariaPhoronidaAnimalsPoriferaRadiata DeuterostomiaLophotrochozoaEcdysozoaBilateriaThree tissue layers, Bilateral symmetryEu
UCSD - BIO - BILD 3
Human Evolution Primates Anthropoids Hominoids (Apes) Hominids Australopithicus Homo erectus neanderthalensis sapiensBut first, a bit about vertebrates Urochordates Sea squirt. Only the larvae resemble chordates Lancelets Still a filter feeder, la
UCSD - BIO - BILD 3
Population biology Population density and dispersion Life tables Life Histories Population growth Exponential Logistic Human population growthDensity and Dispersion Density Is the number of individuals per unit area or volume Dispersion Is the patt
UCSD - BIO - BILD 3
Community Ecology Community definitions and concepts Types of interspecific interactions Trophic structure Top-down and Bottom-up control Diversity Succession Latitudinal gradients The equilibrium theory of island biogeographyCommunity Ecology A biolog