Objectives Chapter for Chapter 15, Petrucci, 9th ed. - Edited for Chem. 1A03. 15 Principles of Chemical Equilibrium
The most important objectives appear in bold font. Objectives (or parts of objectives) for which you are not responsible appear in red. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Understand the concept of dynamic equilibrium, as well as write chemical equilibrium expressions based on specific balanced chemical equations. Define the concept of activity (pure liquids/solids) and the approximation of using equilibrium concentrations in chemical equilibrium expressions. Know and be able to modify chemical equilibrium expressions based on reverse reactions and combining two or more reactions in a process. Convert Kc into Kp, and vice versa, for equilibria involving gases. Understand the significance of the magnitude of equilibrium constant and predict the direction of a chemical reaction based on the reaction quotient, Apply Q. Le Chteliers Principle for rationalizing the impact of changing reaction conditions on a dynamic chemical equilibrium process. Solve problems based on chemical equilibrium calculations. Calculate equilibrium concentrations from initial conditions, or initial conditions based on equilibrium concentrations, or solve for a K given adequate information. Understand the nitrogen biogeochemical cycle, Haber-Bosch process for ammonia synthesis, Ostwald process for nitric acid production, including synthesis of ammonium nitrate. Relate persistent organic pollutants and drug toxicity in terms of the octanolwater partition coefficient, log Kow . Explain the decaffeination of coffee based on chemical equilibrium processes. Integrate coupled equilibrium processes for net reactions, and determine overall K values. Understand the atmospheric chemistry and biological properties of NO.
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