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Invertebrates -1 sponges & cnidarians

Course: BIOL 190B, Spring 2010
School: University of Victoria
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Word Count: 283

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- Invertebrates Sponges & cnidarians Invertebrates The phyla we will discuss are indicated Sponges (Phylum Calcarea & Phylum Silicea) 1. General characteristics 2. Structure (a) No plane of symmetry (b) Adults are sessile & immobile (c) Pores (ostia) Page 1 of 6 Invertebrates - Sponges & cnidarians (d) Spicules (e) Several cell types around the spongocoel, but no true...

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- Invertebrates Sponges & cnidarians Invertebrates The phyla we will discuss are indicated Sponges (Phylum Calcarea & Phylum Silicea) 1. General characteristics 2. Structure (a) No plane of symmetry (b) Adults are sessile & immobile (c) Pores (ostia) Page 1 of 6 Invertebrates - Sponges & cnidarians (d) Spicules (e) Several cell types around the spongocoel, but no true tissues Mesophyl Epidermis Spongocoel Chooanocytes Amoebocytes Page 2 of 6 Invertebrates - Sponges & cnidarians 3. Feeding (a) Suspension feeders (b) Occurs in choanocytes 4. Reproduction (a) Some asexual reproduction (b) Mostly hermaphrodites, but cross fertilization (c) Gametes are produced in choanocytes & move in amoebocyes (d) New sperm move in via water currents (e) Zygote develops in mesohyl 5. Toxins & colour (a) Toxins used in chemical warefare (b) Colour Page 3 of 6 Invertebrates - Sponges & cnidarians Cnidarians (Phylum Cnidaria) 1. General characteristics & representatives 2. Two body forms (Fig. 33.5) (a) Polyp (b) Medusa (c) given A species may be a polyp, medusa or both (i) Hydra (ii) Jellies (iii) Sea wasp (iv) Sea anemones & corals (d) There are also colonies of polyps Page 4 of 6 Invertebrates - Sponges & cnidarians 3. Movement (Medusa) (a) Contractile fibers in epidermis & gastrodermis. (b) Gastrovascular cavity is a hydrostatic skeleton. (c) Movement is coordinated by nerve net. 4. Nutrition & defense (see Fig. 33.6) (a) Many cnidarians are carnivores & have algae symbionts (b) The tentacles have cnidocytes (unique to cnidarian) with cnidae. (c) Nematocysts are specialized cnidae or stinging capsules which penetrate the body wall of the prey. (d) There is a non-centralized nerve net distributed around the body 5. Reproduction (a) Asexual reproduction occurs by budding. (b) Sexual (c) Both budding & sexual (e.g. Hydrozoan Obelia) Page 5 of 6 Invertebrates - Sponges & cnidarians 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 5. Coral reefs (a) Large & old (b) Algae inside cells of coral polyps (c) Narrow range of light & temperature. Page 6 of 6
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