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Course: SCE 5403, Spring 2010School: Carleton University
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GPRS The Network 1. Importance of GPRS 2. GPRS Network Interface 3. GPRS Mobility Model 4. GPRS Modulation 5. EDGE SYSC 5403 - 3 Copyright 1995-2009 by R.H.M. Hafez 1 The Importance of GPRS GPRS was the first step toward building Packet Switched Wireless Access The GPRS later evolved to form an essential part of 3G access network The GPRS was further evolved into an allIP personal wireless access network...
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GPRS The Network 1. Importance of GPRS 2. GPRS Network Interface 3. GPRS Mobility Model 4. GPRS Modulation 5. EDGE
SYSC 5403 - 3
Copyright 1995-2009 by R.H.M. Hafez
1
The Importance of GPRS GPRS was the first step toward building Packet Switched Wireless Access The GPRS later evolved to form an essential part of 3G access network The GPRS was further evolved into an allIP personal wireless access network
SYSC 5403 - 3
Copyright 1995-2009 by R.H.M. Hafez
2
The GPRS Network Elements GPRS = Generalized Packet Radio Service
Um
BSC TRAU
A
MSC/VLR GMSC
PSTN ISDN PDN X.25
HW/SW Upgrade
HLR/AuC/EIR
V A S
I N
Gb PDN
GPRS GPRS
SGSN
GGSN
SYSC 5403 - 3
Copyright 1995-2009 by R.H.M. Hafez
3
Upgraded BSC and HLR
Upgraded BSC Old BSC TRAU
A
MSC/VLR
PCU
HLR Gb
Packet Control Unit (New)
Frame Relay connection
SGSN
HLR Software upgrade
SYSC 5403 - 3
Copyright 1995-2009 by R.H.M. Hafez
4
Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN)
To MSC To HLR To BSCs
The SGSN is the input point to the GPRS Network
Different Network Interfaces
DSP Unit
Host CPU
To GGSM
SYSC 5403 - 3
Copyright 1995-2009 by R.H.M. Hafez
5
SGSN Interfaces
MSC BSC/PCU A
Gs Gb Gn
IP Back Bone VLR
HLR
EIR
Gr
Gf Gn
SGSN
Ga
CFG
GGSN
CGF = Charging Gateway Function
SYSC 5403 - 3
Copyright 1995-2009 by R.H.M. Hafez
6
The Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN)
Different Network Interfaces And Adaptors Host CPU
To SGSM
To The Internet
The GGSN is the exist point from the GPRS Network
SYSC 5403 - 3
Copyright 1995-2009 by R.H.M. Hafez
7
GGSN Interfaces
DHCP
Fire Wall
Gn
IP Back Bone
Internet
Gn
SGSN
Ga
GGSN
IP Network
Charging Unit
SYSC 5403 - 3
Copyright 1995-2009 by R.H.M. Hafez
8
The GPRS Reference Model
PSTN MSC/VLR
HLR Access Point Name
A
Gs Gb
Gr SGSN
Gci Gn Gi GGSN PDN
BSC
Frame Relay
IP Backbone Connection
SYSC 5403 - 3
Copyright 1995-2009 by R.H.M. Hafez
9
Packet and Routing Mobility Management
BSC
Old
SGSN
BSC
Intra-PLMN
SGSN
BG
SGSN
Inter-PLMN Backbone BG
Intra-PLMN
GGSN
BSC
New
Internet
SYSC 5403 - 3
Copyright 1995-2009 by R.H.M. Hafez
10
The GPRS Protocol Stack
Application IP/X.25
Relay
Application IP/X.25 GTP UDP/ TCP IP L2 L1
SNDCP SNDCP LLC
Relay
SNDCP
GTP
LLC BSSGP Network Service L1bis
UDP/ TCP IP L2 L1
RLC
RLC
BSSGP
MAC Physical
MAC Physical
Network service L1bis
MS
SYSC 5403 - 3
Um
BSS
Gb
SGSN
Gn
GGSN
11
Copyright 1995-2009 by R.H.M. Hafez
GPRS Modulation
GMSK = Gaussian-filtered Minimum Shift Keying
cos t
Data
T T T Prestored Gaussian Filter Response sin t
GSM Standard: The Gaussian Filter bandwidth B= 81.3 kHz Bit Duration = 3.7 sec (270.833 kbps)
SYSC 5403 - 3
Copyright 1995-2009 by R.H.M. Hafez
12
GMSK Modulation
1 360 270 180 90 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0
EXCESS PHASE OF THREE MODULATION METHODS O-QPSK : (Offset keyed QPSK) MSK TFM (GMSK when the filter is Gaussian)
SYSC 5403 - 3
Copyright 1995-2009 by R.H.M. Hafez
13
The RF Spectrum of GMSk
B.T=0.5 B.T=0.3
SYSC 5403 - 3
Copyright 1995-2009 by R.H.M. Hafez
14
EDGE
EDGE = Enhanced Data rate for GSM Evolution Only hardware improvement More compact modulation: 8-Phase Shift Keying (8-PSK) 3 bits per transmitted symbols Increase the data rate by a factor of 3 More vulnerable to noise and interference
SYSC 5403 - 3
Copyright 1995-2009 by R.H.M. Hafez
15
GPRS/EDGE Information Data Rate
Service Name PCS-1 PCS-2 PCS-3 PCS-4 PCS-5 PCS-6 GCS-1 GCS-2 GCS-3 GCS-4 Effective Code Rate 0.329 0.496 0.596 0.746 0.829 1.0 0.49 0.64 0.73 1.0 Modulation 8-PSK 8-PSK 8-PSK 8-PSK 8-PSK 8-PSK GMSK GMSK GMSK GMSK Gross Rate
(kb/s)
Radio Interface Rate/Slot (kb/s) 22.8 34.3 41.25 51.6 57.35 69.2 11.2 14.5 16.7 22.8
69.2 69.2 69.2 69.2 69.2 69.2 22.8 22.8 22.8 22.8
SYSC 5403 - 3
Copyright 1995-2009 by R.H.M. Hafez
16
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