CHOICE MULTIPLE QUESTIONS 1. The most common reason for severing the corpus callosum is to: a. Stop the spread of seizures from one hemisphere to another in patients with generalized epilepsy b. Stop the spread of seizures within a hemisphere in patients with focal epilepsy c. Improve motor abilities in Parkinson's patients d. Allow for the study of hemispheric specialization in humans e. Improve memory in Alzheimer's patients 2. Cutting the optic chiasm results in: a. b. c. d. e. Seeing the left visual hemifield (LVF) only in both eyes Seeing the RVF only in both eyes Seeing theh RVF in right eye and the LVF in left eye Seeing the RVF in the left eye and the LVF in the right eye None of the above
3. Acquired language deficits are MOST LIKELY to occur in damage to the region of the left hemisphere supplied by the a. b. c. d. e. Anterior cerebral artery Middle cerebral artery Posterior cerebral artery All of the above None of the above
4. After the picture of a familiar object is flashed in the left visual field of a split-brain human subject, the subject can: a. Say what it is b. Reach into a bag containing several test items, and with her left hand pull out the object that was presented c. Reach into a bag containing several test items, and with her right hand pull out the object that was presented d. Both A & B e. Both A & C
5. Damage to the arcuate fasciculus creates a disconnection between which two areas in the left hemisphere? a. b. c. d. e. Occipital and temporal lobes Occipital and frontal lobes Frontal and temporal lobes Frontal and parietal lobes Temporal and parietal lobes
6. In the class experiment, we showed two smiling/unhappy faces that are mirror images of each other. Most students thought that the bottom face looked happier. This happened because: a. The cues for happiness (upcurving lip, downcurving brow) were actually more exaggerated in the bottom face. b. The right side of the picture projects to the left hemisphere, which specializes in negative emotions. c. The left half of either picture projects to the right hemisphere, which specializes in interpreting facial emotions. d. The right side of a face expresses a stronger emotion than the left side of the face. e. None of the above.
7. In the Stroop task, subjects are asked to name color the of ink in which a word is written. Typically, subjects perform worse when the word and ink color are incompatible (eg, "red" written in green ink). This decreased performance is thought to show that: a. b. c. d. We automatically process the word (e.g., "red") without attending to it It takes longer read the word than to say We pay equal attention to both the word and ink color We are innately better at color naming than reading
8. The information stream that flows from the primary visual cortex (occipital lobe) to the temporal lobe is commonly referred to as the __________ pathway. a. b. c. d. e. Who What Where When Why
9. The executive attention system is involved in: a. b. c. d. e. Sleep/wake cycles Conflict resolution Guiding visual reflexes Executing motor movements None of the above
10. An aspect of language that may be compromised by damage to the right hemisphere is the ability to detect:
a. b. c. d. e.
Arithmetic Speech Prosody Syntax Phonemes
11. Mirror neurons: a. Fire when you see a visual image of yourself (i.e., self-recognition) b. Fire when you perform an action, and when you watch someone else perform the same action c. Fire bilaterally; homologous neurons in both hemispheres always fire together in unison d. Fire when you see yourself in your mind e. Exist only in humans 12. According to lecture, which of the following senses has no decussations (i.e., information from the right sensory organ stays on the right side of the brain and does not cross over to the other hemisphere)? a. b. c. d. e. Taste Olfaction Vision Hearing Touch
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS. Please be succinct. Limit each answer to a maximum of one page (500 words). a. Describe briefly the syndromes of Broca's Aphasia, Wernicke's Aphasia, and Conduction Aphasia. List the symptoms, the likely locations of the lesions, and the patient's awareness of her own errors. Draw a diagram of the brain showing the lesions. b. Consider the House episode, "Both Sides Now." How accurate/inaccurate is it given the papers assigned on hemispheric asymmetry (week 8), on the split brain (week 9), and on the alien hand (week 9), and given the lectures in class about hemispheric specialization in the normal brain (week 8) and about the split brain (week 9).