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Chapter 11

Course: BUS M 301, Summer 2011
School: BYU
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analystneedstocarefullyweighthestrengthsandorporatestherequiredrateof return(i.e.risk)oftheproject. [RememberINVERSErelationship!] ThereareFourMethodsdiscussedinChapter11.An * * * Chapter11:ProfitabilityIndex&IRR POW#7SimilarProblemforNPV& IRR Chapter12:Part1Discussion Includesallcashflowsthatoccur duringthelifeoftheproject. 2)Considersthetimevalueofmoney 3)Inc...

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analystneedstocarefullyweighthestrengthsandorporatestherequiredrateof return(i.e.risk)oftheproject. [RememberINVERSErelationship!] ThereareFourMethodsdiscussedinChapter11.An * * * Chapter11:ProfitabilityIndex&IRR POW#7SimilarProblemforNPV& IRR Chapter12:Part1Discussion Includesallcashflowsthatoccur duringthelifeoftheproject. 2)Considersthetimevalueofmoney 3)Inc weaknessesofeachmethodbeforemakingalongterm capitalbudgetingdecision. * * * * PaybackPeriod NetPresentValue(NPV) ProfitabilityIndex(PI) InternalRateofReturn(IRR) 350,000 CFj(Time0) 75,000 CFj(Time16) [Flash0;CF] [Flash1;CF] 6ShiftNj [Flash1;N] 88,500 CFj(Time79) [Flash2;CF] 3 ShiftNj [Flash2;N] 125,000 CFj(Time10) [Flash3;CF] 16 I/YR Shift NPV Solution: NPV@16%=$36,270.65 POSITIVENPVsaysweACCEPTtheproject. TocalculatethePI,computetheNPVwhenInitialOutlay(IO)=0 0 CFj(Time0) [Flash0;CF] 75,000 CFj(Time79) [Flash2;CF] 3 CFj(Time16) [Flash1;CF] 6ShiftNj [Flash1;N] 88,500 ShiftNj [Flash2;N] 125,000 CFj(Time10) [Flash3;CF] 16 I/YR Shift NPV Solution: NPV@16%=$386,270.65 PI:NPV/IO=386,270.65/350,000=1.104 1.104>1 ACCEPTProject 500,000 CFj(Time0) [Flash0;CF] 145,000 CFj(Time16) [Flash1;CF] 6ShiftNj [Flash1;N] 158,500 CFj(Time79) [Flash2;CF] 3 ShiftNj [Flash2;N] 295,000 CFj(Time10) [Flash3;CF] 18 I/YR Shift NPV Solution: NPV@18%=$191,175.34 POSITIVENPVsaysweACCEPTtheproject. TocalculatethePI,computetheNPVwhenInitialOutlay(IO)=0 0 CFj(Time0) [Flash0;CF] 145,000 CFj(Time16) [Flash1;CF] 6ShiftNj [Flash1;N] 158,500 CFj(Time79) [Flash2;CF] 3 ShiftNj [Flash2;N] 295,000 CFj(Time10) [Flash3;CF] 18 I/YR Shift NPV Solution: NPV@18%=$691,175.34 PI:NPV/IO=691,175.34/500,000=1.382 1.382>1 ACCEPTProject
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BYU - BUS M - 301
*Day12:Part2AgendaFinalExamReviewThursdayEmailTopicsbyWednesdayat1:00Chapter9:CostofCapita*MindMap**Why?:Animportantquestionis,Howhigh doesourreturnhavetobeinorderto justifyaninvestmentintheproject?Inthistopicarea,weconsiderthecostsoffinanci
BYU - BUS M - 301
Day12:Part1Agenda***********TAReviewSessionToday2:003:00W308POW#10:Risk&ReturnExerciseDueFridayat9:00PMTAFinalExamReviewSessionTime?FinalExamStudyGuideFinalExamFormulaSheetPostedFinalExamReviewThursdayEmailTopicsbyWednesday@1:00FinalGr
BYU - BUS M - 301
Example#2:DOL=4A1%increaseinsaleswillresultina4% increaseinoperatingincome(EBIT).Ifwehavethedata,wecanusethisformula:Falcone,Inc.hasabaselevelofsalesof150,000units.Salespriceperunitis$10andvariablecostperunitis$6.50.Totalannualoperatingfixedcostsare
BYU - BUS M - 301
MakeAFriendExample#1*SupposeyouneedtheWACCforafirmthatisfinancedwith50%equityand500ebt.Thefirmcanborrowat12%.ThelongtermTbondrateis6%,theequityriskpremiumis5%,themicrocapriskpremiumis3%andtheliquidityriskpremium(i.e.thestartupriskpremium)is4%.A
BYU - BUS M - 301
**MakeAFriendExample#2SupposeyouneedtheWACCforafirmthatisfinancedwith65%equityand350ebt.Thefirmcanborrowat14%.ThelongtermTbondrateis5.25%,theequityriskpremiumis7.5%,themicrocapriskpremiumis3.75%andtheliquidityriskpremium(i.e.startupriskpremium
BYU - BUS M - 301
*MakeAFriendExample#3EmeraldEnterpriseshasacapitalstructuremadeupof200,000sharesofcommonstockand18,145sharesofpreferredstock.Thecurrentmarketvalueofcommonstockis$105pershare.EmeraldEnterprisesstockjustpaidadividendof$2.75.Thecommonstocksdividendi
BYU - BUS M - 301
*MakeAFriendExample#4EmeraldEnterpriseshasacapitalstructuremadeupof200,000sharesofcommonstockand18,145sharesofpreferredstock.Thecurrentmarketvalueofcommonstockis$105pershare.EmeraldEnterprisesstockjustpaidadividendof$2.75.Thecommonstocksdividendis
BYU - BUS M - 301
*FourMajorDrawbacks:Firmcutoffsaresubjective.2)Doesnotconsidertimevalueofmoney.3)Doesnotconsideranyrequiredrateofreturn.4)Doesnotconsideralloftheprojectscash flows.Incapitalbudgeting,therearetwokindsofmistakesthatcanbemade:1)Rejectagoodproject2)
BYU - BUS M - 301
HowDoesReturnandTotalVariationMatch?Supposewerandomlyselectedandthen ranked4stocksbyreturn(A,B,C,and D).Whatwouldtherisk/return relationshiptellus?Whatisthe Mystery#component?Security (return)Std.DevEMystery#?A 8%13%?B12%9%?C15%22%?D
BYU - BUS M - 301
***Weknowhowtomeasurerisk,usingstandarddeviationforoverallriskandbetaformarketrisk.Weknowhowtoreduceoverallrisk,usingdiversificationsoweareleftwithonlymarketriskinourportfolio.STILLNEEDED:Howtopricerisksowewillknowhowmuchextrareturnweshouldrequ
BYU - BUS M - 301
IRR:simplytherateofreturnthatthefirmearnsonitscapitalprojects.Considereddifferently,theIRRistherateofreturnthatmakestheNPVequaltoZERO.IRRistherateofreturnthatmakesthePVofthecashflowsequaltotheinitialoutlay.ThislooksverysimilartoourYieldtoMaturi
BYU - BUS M - 301
Market(i.e.Systematic)Riskisalsocallednondiversifiablerisk.Thisriskcannotbediversifiedaway.FirmSpecific(i.e.NonsystematicorIdiosyncratic)Riskisalsocalleddiversifiablerisk.Thisriskcanbereducedthroughdiversification.Question:Ifyouownedashareofeverys
BYU - BUS M - 301
NegotiatingaTransactionThreeKeyConceptsinNegotiation1)BATNA*2)ReservationPrice3)BargainingZone*B.A.T.N.A.(BestAlternativeToANegotiatedAgreement)KeyQuestion:Whatareyougoingtodoifyoudonotmakeadealwiththisperson?Answer:Determinedbyyouravailablealt
BYU - BUS M - 301
Point:SetyourpersonalBHAGsandmakethemhappen!(10,000hourscanbeginTODAY )Supposeweareconsideringacapitalinvestmentthatrequiresa$27,400initialoutlayandprovidesannualnetcashflowsof$8,000forfouryearsand$16,000attheendofthefifthyear.Thefirmsrequiredrateof
BYU - BUS M - 301
POW#7:NPV&IRR****POW#7:GraysonPOW#7:GraysonPortersFiveForcesModelJobSearchMinute:ExplicitlyPlanforContinuedLearningInvestinyourselfEARLYandOFTEN!*****OntheJobTrainingGraduateSchool?ProfessionalDesignationsSeminarsSelfStudyRemember:Al
BYU - BUS M - 301
WhatisthepretaxandaftertaxcostofdebtforMcDermottCorporation?PreTaxCostofDebt:PV:925[$1000parreceivedless$75flotation]PMT:50[$1000parx10%=$100;100/2=50]FV:1000[$1000pardueatmaturity]N:20[10yearsx2forsemiannualpmts]I/Yr:?5.6346%[5.6346x2=11.269]Kd(B
BYU - BUS M - 301
Question:WhydoHIGHfixedcostscreatemorevariability?AFirmhasTWOtypesofcosts:*FixedOperatingCosts(i.e.administrativesalaries,insurance,rent,propertytaxes,etc.)*VariableOperatingCosts(i.e.materials,labor,utilities,packaging,salescommissions,incomet
BYU - BUS M - 301
RelevantCashFlows(CFs)IncrementalCFs:additionalcashinminusadditionalcashout.CapitalbudgetingfocusesontheINCREMENTALcashflows!1)IncidentalCFsConsider*Directlyandindirectlyrelated;cannibalization2)SunkCostsIgnore**DoNOTconsider;irrelevanttodeci
BYU - BUS M - 301
krf:theriskfreerateofinterestj:thebetaofsecurityjkm:thereturnonthemarketindexSupposetheTreasurybondrateis6%,theaveragereturnontheS&P500indexis12%,andWaltDisneyhasabetaof1.8.AccordingtotheCAPM,whatshouldbetherequiredrateofreturnonDisneystock?kj
BYU - BUS M - 301
ThoughtQuestionWhydoesthetypicalphysicianworksomanyhours?*Answerinafewminutes**Business(akaOperating)Risk:Variabilityoruncertaintyassociatedwithoperatingincome(i.e.EBIT).Note:Specificindustryinfluencesbusinessrisk.FinancialRisk:Riskofdistress
BYU - BUS M - 301
*ThreeKeyNegotiationTipsTip#1:Preparation* KnowyourBATNA!* Defineyourownreservationprice;nothingbutnewinfocanadjustyourreservationprice!* Researchtheotherpartys BATNA/reservationpricethemorepreparedpartycontrolsnegotiation.* Determineindividual
BYU - BUS M - 301
TwoExtremeExamples:FirstExample:Correlation=+1perfectpositivecorrelationVariablesmoveinperfecttandemSecondExample:Correlation=1perfectnegativecorrelationVariablesmoveinexactlyoppositedirectionsTheLOWERthecorrelationamongassetsinaportfolio(i.e.clos
BYU - BUS M - 301
ThereareTWOsourcesofCommonEquity:*InternalCommonEquity(i.e.retainedearnings)2)ExternalCommonEquity(i.e.newcommonstockissue)Question:DotheseTWOsourceshavethesamecost?Answer:ItDependsSincethestockholdersownthefirmsretainedearnings,theinternalequi
BYU - BUS M - 301
Tocalculatethefirmsweightedaveragecostofcapital(WACC),wemustfirstcalculatethecostsoftheindividualfinancingsources.LetsConsider:1)CostofDebt2)CostofCommonStockCostofDebtforafirmistherateofreturnrequiredbythelender,adjustedfortwothings:1)Flotation
BYU - BUS M - 301
WhatisthemostyoushouldpayforCarlisle?*Stage1CashFlowsShortcutValueStage2CashFlows(1of2)*ValueStage2ExcessEarnings(2of2)******CalculatetheValueoftheStockTwoStageValuation:OnlyStage1ReviewTwoStageValuation:OnlyStage2ReviewNegotiationTip:Fir
BYU - MFG - 201
HistoryofCreativityArt,ScienceandTechnologyClassInformation Syllabus, Class Outline, Lecture Notes, &Announcements are all Blackboard. (Or atleast soon will be). Two quizzes on Blackboard every week.They will be posted by Thursday night anddue bef
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CivilizationCreativityBeginstoFlowCivilization(general) Whendidcivilizationbegin? Statusabout40003500BC StoneAgesociety Peoplewerelivingashuntergatherers(nonstationary) Whatwasthecreativeeventthatallowedthischange? Agriculture(domesticationofgra
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MesopotamiaTheSeedsofCreativityTheRiversandtheLandBetweentheTigrisandEuphratesRiversTheRiversandtheLandProblems Floodingduringthegrowingseason SaltaccumulationThisrequiredCreativityforcivilizationtoflourish Flooding:Damsandcatchbasinsconnectedtoc
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EgyptCreativityforEternityEgyptian Civilization Began 4000-3500 BC Persisted to Roman times(31 BC) History divided into 4main divisionsOld KingdomMiddle KingdomNew KingdomLate Period 31 Dynasties throughoutthe entire periodGeographyandStabil
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IndiaandChinaCreativityContinuestoFlowIndia:Dravidians25001500B.C. Situation: SettledtheIndusRivervalley Polytheisism Creativity Pottery(ovendried) Weightandmeasurementsfortrade LargecitiesIndia:Dravidians25001500B.C. Citieswerewellplanned
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MinoanandMycenaenCivilizationTradingCreativityAUniqueTypeofCivilization AncientCrete Geographicallysmall Nomajorrivers Infertilesoil Trade Possibleoriginofpeople:PhoeniciaMinoans(20001400BC) SocietynamedforkingofCrete(Minos) NodefensesMin
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GreekArchaicorFormativePeriod(800500B.C.)GreekArchaicorFormativePeriod(800500B.C.) Amajorcreativeperiod Greekalphabet Homer'swritings(IlliadandOdyssey) Greekreligioncodified Morals Science DemocracyWhataDifferenceWritingMakesGreekAlphabet Fi
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ClassicalGreeceLivingCreativelyWhatDoesClassicalMean? "Classical"means: Standardagainstwhichothersarejudgedorevaluated Greatest Enduring Stylisticform(music,art,etc) Stylisticperiod(e.g.afterBaroque) Goldenageofacivilization Nearlyallsensesofth
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ClassicalGreekPhilosophyAristotleSocrates470399BC Dividedphilosophicalhistoryinto2groups PreSocratics(Sophists) Philosophers Believedinasingle,allpowerfulGod Useddialectics(SocraticMethod)tofindultimatetruthConceptsofGreekPhilosophy Thehearto
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HellenismandAlexander the GreatHellenismGreece declined after the PeloppesianWarGreece conquered by Phillip of MacedoniaPhillip used his son, Alexander as ageneral and as an ambassadorPhillips Innovations in warAlexander the GreatPersonal Desir
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History of Creativity MFG 202(Monday Evening)EXAM 2Instructor: Brent StrongName: _1. Give two specific and unique identifications for the following. Note that your score will depend on both the way youhave accurately identified the term (that is, th
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HISTORY OF CREATIVITY IN THE ARTS,SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYMFG 201 SPRING 20111. GeneralProfessor: D. Mark Davis, 265M CTBOffice Hours: By appointmentTexts: 1. History of Creativity, Pre-1500 by A. Brent Strong and Mark Davis2. History of Creativity,
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RomanRepublicFoundingofRomeTheRomanRace ThetaleofAeneas(TheAeneid) HistoricalevidenceFounding of Rome The City (Kingdom) of Rome RomulusandRemus HistoricEvidence Romulushut EarlyRomewasanopencityforallpeopleFounding of the city of RomeCreativ
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TheRomanEmpireCreativeWorldDominanceRule by one man The Roman Republic was based on theprinciple that there would be no king The Republic began its decline when singlerulers became too powerful Caesar was killed, in part, because he tried toset hi
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Roman Science, Technologyand ArtThieves or GeniusesCultural BackgroundQuestionsaskedbyvariouscultures:Whatisoutthere?(Egyptians/Mesopotamians)Whydoesitexist?(Greeks)Whatisitgoodfor?(Romans)Architecture and EngineeringWeneedasmanyengineersaspossib
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IslamCreativityintheDesertGeneralFacts 2ndlargestreligion,fastestgrowing "Islam"=religion "Muslim"=adherentSurrendertoAllahMostlyinAfricaandAsiaArabsbeforeIslam TribalsocietyontheArabianpeninsula Farmers,traders,nomadicshepherds Tribalorgani
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EarlyMedievalEuropeGeneralConcepts MedievalorMiddleAges TimebetweenRomeandRenaissance(2classicalperiods) 4761450AD OnlyappliestoEuropeanhistory SometimescalledtheAgeofFaithLifeintheMiddleAges Reversiontotribalsociety Romaninfrastructuredisintegr
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Nations, Crusades, and MongolsCreativity RekindledTransitionDark Ages1000 ADMiddle AgesWhy did the changes occur?Externalelements(likeweatherandsocialstability)bringmorefoodMorefoodbringspopulationincreasePopulationincreasebringsdiversityDiv
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Middle Ages ArchitectureHigh CreativityRomanesqueIn the Roman mannerEverything done in Western European artand architecture between the followingFall of the Roman Empire (476 AD)Gothic Period (about 1100 AD)Romanesque ChurchesHeavy wallsRound ar
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The End of the Middle Ages14th Century14th CenturyTheworstcenturyinhistoryPlagueWarTaxesBadgovernmentInsurrectionSchisminthechurchLedtoinnovationsandculturalchangesEstates (classes) of society1st Estate = The RomanCatholic Church2nd Estate
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The Age of ExplorationDiscovering CreativityWhy the age of discovery?LossofConstantinopleEuropeantradezonescollapsedTrade ZonesHow to get to the eastern tradezones from Europe?Around AfricaPortugalCommittedtosailtotheIndiesClosestnationtotheWes
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