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lecture24-fall2011
Course: PHYS 272, Fall 2011School: Purdue
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272: PHYS Matter and Interactions II -- Electric And Magnetic Interactions http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys272/ PHYSICS 272 Electric & Magnetic Interactions Lecture 24 Faraday's Law [Chap 23] Check CHIP to verify your grades are up to date! Any issues must be resolved prior to the end of classes If you have an issue contact V. K. Saxena first. Fall 2010 Prof. Yong Chen...
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272: PHYS Matter and Interactions II -- Electric And Magnetic Interactions
http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys272/
PHYSICS 272 Electric & Magnetic Interactions
Lecture 24 Faraday's Law [Chap 23] Check CHIP to verify your grades are up to date! Any issues must be resolved prior to the end of classes If you have an issue contact V. K. Saxena first.
Fall 2010 Prof. Yong Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Prof. Michael Manfra (mmanfra@purdue.edu) Lec24 Slide 1/23
PHYS 272: Matter and Interactions II -- Electric And Magnetic Interactions
http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys272/
(Static) Maxwell's equations
qinside ^ Gauss' s law for electricity E ndA = 0 ^ Gauss' s law for magnetism B ndA =0 Incomplete version of Faraday's law E dl =0 B dl =0 I inside path Ampere's law (incomplete version of Ampere - Maxwell law)
Chap.23: Faraday's Law (electrodynamics)
Fall 2010 Prof. Yong Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Prof. Michael Manfra (mmanfra@purdue.edu) Lec24 Slide 2/23
PHYS 272: Matter and Interactions II -- Electric And Magnetic Interactions
http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys272/
E-field of a solenoid
Fall 2010 Prof. Yong Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Prof. Michael Manfra (mmanfra@purdue.edu) Lec24 Slide 3/23
PHYS 272: Matter and Interactions II -- Electric And Magnetic Interactions
http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys272/
Fall 2010 Prof. Yong Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Prof. Michael Manfra (mmanfra@purdue.edu) Lec24 Slide 4/23
PHYS 272: Matter and Interactions II -- Electric And Magnetic Interactions
http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys272/
Clicker 1
Fall 2010 Prof. Yong Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Prof. Michael Manfra (mmanfra@purdue.edu) Lec24 Slide 5/23
PHYS 272: Matter and Interactions II -- Electric And Magnetic Interactions
http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys272/
Clicker 1
Fall 2010 Prof. Yong Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Prof. Michael Manfra (mmanfra@purdue.edu) Lec24 Slide 6/23
PHYS 272: Matter and Interactions II -- Electric And Magnetic Interactions
http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys272/
S N S N
t1 , B1 B1 t 2 , B2 B2
decreasing The induced B-field The induced current in the ring is clockwise.
The field strength on axis falls off like 1/r3 therefore B1 > B2
Fall 2010 Prof. Yong Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Prof. Michael Manfra (mmanfra@purdue.edu) Lec24 Slide 7/23
PHYS 272: Matter and Interactions II -- Electric And Magnetic Interactions
http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys272/
S N
B1 B2
S N
t1 , B1
B2 - B1 dB B B2 - B1 - - =- dt t t 2 - t1 dB - = dt
t 2 , B2
The field strength on axis falls off like 1/r3 therefore B1 > B2
A A- B B
The induced current in the ring is clockwise.
Fall 2010 Prof. Yong Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Prof. Michael Manfra (mmanfra@purdue.edu) Lec24 Slide 8/23
PHYS 272: Matter and Interactions II -- Electric And Magnetic Interactions
http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys272/
Fall 2010 Prof. Yong Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Prof. Michael Manfra (mmanfra@purdue.edu) Lec24 Slide 9/23
PHYS 272: Matter and Interactions II -- Electric And Magnetic Interactions
http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys272/
Fall 2010 Prof. Yong Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Prof. Michael Manfra (mmanfra@purdue.edu) Lec24 Slide 10/23
PHYS 272: Matter and Interactions II -- Electric And Magnetic Interactions
http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys272/
Fall 2010 Prof. Yong Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Prof. Michael Manfra (mmanfra@purdue.edu) Lec24 Slide 11/23
PHYS 272: Matter and Interactions II -- Electric And Magnetic Interactions
http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys272/
Fall 2010 Prof. Yong Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Prof. Michael Manfra (mmanfra@purdue.edu) Lec24 Slide 12/23
PHYS 272: Matter and Interactions II -- Electric And Magnetic Interactions
http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys272/
Clicker Q2
A) B) C)
Fall 2010 Prof. Yong Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Prof. Michael Manfra (mmanfra@purdue.edu) Lec24 Slide 13/23
PHYS 272: Matter and Interactions II -- Electric And Magnetic Interactions
http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys272/
Clicker Q2
A) B) C)
A
Fall 2010 Prof. Yong Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Prof. Michael Manfra Lec24 (mmanfra@purdue.edu) Slide 14/23
PHYS 272: Matter and Interactions II -- Electric And Magnetic Interactions
http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys272/
Maxwell's equations
qinside ^ E ndA = 0 ^ B ndA =0
Gauss' s law for electricity Gauss' s law for magnetism Faraday's law Ampere's law (incomplete version of Ampere - Maxwell law)
d ^ E dl = - dt B ndA B dl =0 I inside path
Fall 2010 Prof. Yong Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Prof. Michael Manfra (mmanfra@purdue.edu) Lec24 Slide 15/23
PHYS 272: Matter and Interactions II -- Electric And Magnetic Interactions
http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys272/
Fall 2010 Prof. Yong Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Prof. Michael Manfra (mmanfra@purdue.edu) Lec24 Slide 16/23
PHYS 272: Matter and Interactions II -- Electric And Magnetic Interactions
http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys272/
mag = BA = B( Lvt ) emf = d mag dt = BLv
Fall 2010 Prof. Yong Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Prof. Michael Manfra (mmanfra@purdue.edu) Lec24 Slide 17/23
PHYS 272: Matter and Interactions II -- Electric And Magnetic Interactions
http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys272/
Application: two coils/magnets dB How to obtain - 0 dt
Fall 2010 Prof. Yong Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Prof. Michael Manfra (mmanfra@purdue.edu) Lec24 Slide 18/23
PHYS 272: Matter and Interactions II -- Electric And Magnetic Interactions
http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys272/
Application: two coils/magnets
The induced current in the resistive wire always generates a B-field opposite to the B-field charge inside the solenoid.
Fall 2010 Prof. Yong Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Prof. Michael Manfra (mmanfra@purdue.edu) Lec24 Slide 19/23
PHYS 272: Matter and Interactions II -- Electric And Magnetic Interactions
http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys272/
Changing the current in a coil can "induce" an emf in a second coil.
An attempt to change the current in a coil leads to an additional emf in the coil itself.
0 N 2 2 L= R d
Fall 2010 Prof. Yong Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Prof. Michael Manfra (mmanfra@purdue.edu) Lec24 Slide 20/23
PHYS 272: Matter and Interactions II -- Electric And Magnetic Interactions
http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys272/
Energy density
For any device with current I through it and V across it
dI P = IV = I (emf ) = I ( L ) dt
Integrating over time
Einput = Pdt = L I
ti
tf
If dI 1 1 1 dt = L IdI = LI 2 - LI i2 = ( LI 2 ) f Ii dt 2 2 2
This amount of energy is converted to magnetic energy
0 N 2 2 L= R d
Emagnetic
B=
0 NI d
1 0 N 2 2 Bd 2 1 1 = ( R )( ) = (R 2 d ) B 2 2 d 0 N 2 0
Volume V
Fall 2010 Prof. Yong Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Prof. Michael Manfra (mmanfra@purdue.edu) Lec24 Slide 21/23
PHYS 272: Matter and Interactions II -- Electric And Magnetic Interactions
http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys272/
Fall 2010 Prof. Yong Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Prof. Michael Manfra (mmanfra@purdue.edu) Lec24 Slide 22/23
PHYS 272: Matter and Interactions II -- Electric And Magnetic Interactions
http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys272/
B primary =
0 N1 I d
This B-field is confined inside the iron core. d NI emf 2 = N 2 A ( 0 1 ) dt d
0 N12 dI emf1 = A( ) d dt
emf 2 = N2 emf1 N1
P = I 2R
Thought Q: why use high V for power transmission? Fall 2010 Prof. Yong Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Prof. Michael Manfra (mmanfra@purdue.edu) Lec24 Slide 23/23
PHYS 272: Matter and Interactions II -- Electric And Magnetic Interactions
http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys272/
Lenz's Law: An induced current/E-field is always in such a direction as to oppose the motion or change causing it.
Fall 2010 Prof. Yong Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Prof. Michael Manfra (mmanfra@purdue.edu) Lec24 Slide 24/23
PHYS 272: Matter and Interactions II -- Electric And Magnetic Interactions
http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys272/
Clicker Q2
A) B) C)
Fall 2010 Prof. Yong Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Prof. Michael Manfra (mmanfra@purdue.edu) Lec24 Slide 25/23
PHYS 272: Matter and Interactions II -- Electric And Magnetic Interactions
http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys272/
Clicker Q2
A) B) C)
A
Fall 2010 Prof. Yong Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Prof. Michael Manfra (mmanfra@purdue.edu) Lec24 Slide 26/23
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BothNADandNADParestructurallysimilartoATP.Bothmoleculeshaveanitrogencontainingringcallednicotinicacid, whichisthechemicallyactivepartofthecoenzymes.InFAD,thechemicallyactiveportionistheflavingroup.Thevitaminriboflavinisusedinthebodytoproducethisflavin
Montgomery - BIOLOGY - bi 101
Butwhenonealleleforredispresentwithonealleleforwhite,the colorofthesnapdragonsispink.However,iftwopinksnapdragonsarecrossed,thephenotyperatioof theoffspringisonered,twopink,andonewhite.Theseresultsshowthatthegenesthemselvesremainindependent; onlythee
Montgomery - BIOLOGY - bi 101
CarbohydratesAlmostallorganismsusecarbohydratesassourcesofenergy.Inaddition,somecarbohydratesserveasstructuralmaterials.Carbohydratesaremoleculescomposedofcarbon,hydrogen,and oxygen;theratioofhydrogenatomstooxygenatomsis2:1.