Final Biology Exam Review
Definitions
1. Science - is an enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of
testable explanations and predictions about the natural world.
2. Biology - is a natural science concerned with the study of life and living organisms, including their
structure, function, growth, origin, evolution, distribution, and taxonomy.
3. Hypothesis - is a proposed explanation for an observable phenomenon.
4. Theory - refers to contemplation or speculation, as opposed to action.
5. Alternate hypothesis (Ha) has different or change.
6. Null hypothesis (Ho) no different.
7. Population - is all the organisms that both belong to the same species and live in the same geographical
area. World population is 6.887 billion.
8. Greenhouse effect - is a process by which thermal radiation from a planetary surface is absorbed by
atmospheric greenhouse gases, and is re-radiated in all directions. Good for human. Global Warming is
bad.
9. Acid rain - is a rain or any other form of precipitation that is unusually acidic, i.e. elevated levels of
hydrogen ions (lower than 5-6 pH).
10. K strategist - individuals reproduce very slow and live a long life.
11. R strategist - individuals reproduce very fast and live a short life.
12. Carrying capacity - is the population size of the species that the environment can sustain indefinitely,
given the food, habitat, water and other necessities available in the environment.
13. Evolution - is the change in the inherited traits of a population of organisms through successive.
generations.
14. HIV and AIDS HIV: Human immunodeficiency virus. AIDS: Acquired immune deficiency
syndrome or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
15. Pseudoscience - is a claim, belief, or practice which is presented as scientific.
16. Creationism - is the religious belief that humanity, life, the Earth, and the universe are the creation of
a supernatural being.
17. Life span How long you exactly live.
18. Life expectancy - How long you want to live.
19. Death - is termination the of the biological functions that sustain a living organism.
20. Sulfuric Oxide, Nitric Oxide and acid rain Sulfuric Oxide: is the chemical compound with the
formula SO2. Nitric Oxide: is a chemical compound with chemical formula NO.
21. Falsifiability - is the logical possibility that an assertion could be shown false by a particular
observation or physical experiment.
22. Exponential population growth - occurs when the growth rate of a mathematical function is
proportional to the function's current value.
23. Gaussian distribution curve is normalized so that the sum over all values of x gives a probability of
1.
24. Variance (x-mean)2/n-1
25. Standard deviation -
(x-mean)2/n-1
26. Punnett Square - is a diagram that is used to predict an outcome of a particular cross or breeding
experiment.
27. - Mean
28. - Sum
29. S2 - Variance
30. Fingerprint type - in its narrow sense is an impression left by the friction ridges of a human finger.
Loop is most common, Arch is less common.
31. Blood type - is a classification of blood based on the presence or absence
of inherited antigenic substances on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs). A/B/AB/O.
32. ATBPO And the Band Played On
33. MPN process Most probable Number.
34. Causes of death - Cardiovascular diseases
Principles (what they are and how they are related to biology)
1. Theory
2. Hypothesis
3. Scientific writing
4. Pseudo-Science
5. APA citation style
6. Evolution
7. Population
8. Characteristics of life (2 big ones!)
9. Acid rain
10. Global warming
11. Statistics (mean; mode; variance, etc.)
12. pH
13. Scientific method
14. DNA ( discoverers, controversial issues)
15. Fecal coliform limits (WVDEP) 500 MPN
16. Causes of death per age group
17. HIV/AIDS
Know the scientific writing processes
Know the lab experiments you conducted.
1. Title
2. Introduction
3. Method and Materials
4. Result
5. Conclusion
6. Citation
Know background and class discussion topics from And the Band Played On & Erin
Brockovich