3010 EMA Section 5823
Introduction to Materials Science and Engineering
Fall 2011 Syllabus
Meeting Time:
Tuesdays 12:50 pm - 13:40 pm
Thursday 11:45 am - 12:35 pm & 12:50 pm - 13:40 pm
Location:
New Engineering Building
Room 100
Instructor:
Dr. Jon Dobson
Office: MAE 311
E-Mail: [e-mail]
Office Hours:
Tue & Wed 2:30 - 3:30 pm
Teaching Assist:
Michael Friedman
Email: [e-mail]
M - Th - F 7th Period (1:55 - 2:45 pm) MAE 334
Office hours:
Course Description
Conceptual perspective on the origin of materials behavior structure/property/performance interrelationships. Materials selection and use of familiar
materials - metals, ceramics, polymers, electronic materials and composites in
electronics, structural and other engineering applications.
Chapter 1 - 1
A few words of advice:
1.
Attend Lectures
2.
Read Regularly
3.
Do Assigned Homework - It counts!!!
4.
Prepare
5.
Enjoy the course
Text:
Title: Fundamentals of Materials Science and Engineering: An
Integrated Approach
Author: William D. Callister, Jr. and D.G. Rethwisch
Year and edition: 2008 Third Edition (John Wiley & Sons, Inc.)
ISBN: 9780470343227 or ON-LINE ONLY ISBN: 9780470120149
Helpful: Scientific/engineering calculator
Website: The course website can be found on the Sakai system http://lss.at.ufl.edu, there
you can find the course syllabus, announcements and course schedule. Be sure to check it
regularly (a few times for week) for updates.
Homework will be done online. Sign up at www.WileyPlus.com
Chapter 1 - 2
Lecture
Lecture attendance is highly recommended. While attendance is not mandatory,
experience has shown that those who attend lectures earn higher grades in the course.
Arrival on time is expected. Please turn off all cell phones upon entering class.
Exams
You will be given three (3) exams throughout the semester, the exam content may change
but the dates will not. There will be NO Final Exam. Each exam is weighted equally and
will be worth 30% of your final grade. Review sessions will be given prior to each exam.
Students have two weeks after test results are posted to resolve questions about
scores/grades. No changes will be made after that time.
Make-up exams
Make up exams will be provided only with the prior approval of the instructor or excused
absence. In general, acceptable reasons for excused absence include illness, serious
family emergencies, special curricular requirements, military obligation, court-imposed legal
obligations, religious holidays.
Homework
You will be given regular homework assignments which will be worth 10% of your final
grade.
Chapter 1 - 3
Homework:
Three In-Class exams:
10%
30% each
A = 90%-100%
B+ = 85%-89%
B = 80%-84%
C+ = 75%-79%
C=70%-74%
D+ = 65%-69%
D = 60%-64%
E < 60%
Chapter 1 -
Accommodation for Students with Disabilities: According to University policies,
students requesting classroom accommodation must first register with the Dean of
Students Office, who will provide documentation to the student, who must in turn
provide this documentation to the Instructor.
The Honor Code: All students at the University of Florida have signed a statement of
academic honesty and committing themselves to be honest in all academic work and
understanding that failure to comply with this commitment will result in disciplinary
action. This statement is a reminder to uphold your obligation as a UF student and to
be honest in all work submitted and exams taken in this course and all others.
Make sure your email address is associated with your name and that you
register on the WileyPlus website.
Chapter 1 - 5
Instructor Information
MAE 311
[e-mail]
Office Hours:
Tue & Wed
2:30 pm - 3:30 pm
MAE
Copyright
Chapter 1 -
TEACHING ASSISTANT
Michael Friedman
Email: [e-mail]
Office Hours: M - Th - F 7th Period (1:55 - 2:45 pm) MAE 334
Teaching Assistant will
Have office hours to help you with course material
and problem sets.
Chapter 1 - 7
Extended Learning
Nova series:
Making stuff Stronger, Smaller, Cleaner, and Smarter
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/tech/making-stuff.html
Chapter 1 - 8
EMA 3010: Introduction to Materials Science
and Engineering
Course Objective:
Introduction to structure, properties, processing, and applications of
metallic, ceramic, polymeric and electronic materials
You will learn about:
material structure
how structure dictates properties
how processing can change structure
how properties affect applications
This course will help you to:
use materials properly
develop new design opportunities with materials
Chapter 1 -
Chapter 1 - Introduction
What is materials science?
What is materials engineering?
Why should we know about it?
Materials drive our society
Stone Age
Bronze Age
Iron Age
Now?
Chapter 1 - 10
Historical Perpective
The manipulation and use of materials have been
important to societies thorughout history.
Early civilizations have been by designated the level of
their materials development (Stone Age, Bronze Age,
Iron Age).
Over time, our ancestors developed methods for
producing materials with improved properties, such as
ceramic and metals.
Chapter 1 -
Historical Perpective
The evolution of engineering materials with time. Note the highly nonlinear scale. (From M. F. Ashby, Materials
Selection in Mechanical Design, 2nd ed., Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, 1999.)
Chapter 1 -
Materials Science: Investigating the properties of
materials and the relationship between a materials
structure and its properties and developing new
materials.
Materials Engineering: Using information on these
structure-property relationships to design new materials
with tailored functions and/or to create new products or
systems using existing materials, and/or to develop
techniques for processing materials.
Chapter 1 -
Structure: The arrangement of a materials constituent
components.
Sub-atomic - Atomic - Microscopic - Macroscopic
Property: The response of a material to an external
stimulus (e.g. deformation, heating, reflection of light,
emission of light, etc.).
Properties are material traits and are generally
independent of shape and size (though some properties,
as we will see later, are size dependent).
Chapter 1 -
Four components of Materials Science
Processing can change structure
ex: structure vs cooling rate of steel
Properties depend on structure
ex: hardness vs structure of steel
Hardness (BHN)
(d)
600
500
400
(c)
(a)
(b)
4 m
300
200
30 m
30 m
100
0.01 0.1
30 m
1 10 100 1000
Cooling Rate (C/s)
Chapter 1 -
Types of Materials
Metals:
Strong, ductile
High thermal & electrical conductivity
Opaque, reflective.
Polymers/plastics: covalent bonding
Soft, ductile, low strength, low density
Thermal & electrical insulators
Optically translucent or transparent.
Ceramics: ionic bonding compounds of metallic & nonmetallic elements (oxides, nitrides, carbides)
Brittle, glassy
Non-conducting (insulators)
Composites:
Composed of 2 or more individual materials (metals,
ceramic, and polymers)
Properties are varied
Chapter 1 - 16
Structure depends on how a materials is processed. A materials
performance will be a function of its properties.
Chapter 1 - 17
Example: Processing of aluminum oxide
The processing of aluminum
oxide gives rise to different
structures with varying
properties (in this case, their
ability to transmit light).
This variation is due to
difference in crystal boundaries
and pores within the material.
Chapter 1 -
Six Categories of Properties:
[1] Mechanical (Force > Deformation)
[2] Electrical
(Electrical Field > Conductivity)
[3] Thermal
(Heating > Heat Capacity/Thermal
Conductivity)
[4] Magnetic
(Magnetic Field > Attraction/repulsion &
magnitude of response)
[5] Optical
(Light > Reflection/Refraction)
[6] Deteriorative (e.g. Chemical Exposure > Breakdown)
Chapter 1 -
MECHANICAL
Deformational response to an applied force
(e.g. elastic modulus, strength)
Chapter 1 - 20
ELECTRICAL Response to an applied electrical field
(e.g. conductivity, resistivity)
6
(10-8 Ohm-m)
Resistivity,
5
4
3
2
1
0
Electrical Resistivity of Copper:
Cu
3 .3 2
+
N
a t%
i
i
%N
at
i
.1 6
%N
t
2
u+
12 a
C
1.
u+
C
m ed
i
r
t% N
d e fo
a
1 .1 2
+
Cu
u
e C
r
Pu
-200
-100
0
T (C)
Adding impurity atoms to Cu increases resistivity.
Deforming Cu increases resistivity.
Chapter 1 - 21
THERMAL
response to the application of heat
(e.g. heat capacity, thermal conductivity)
Space Shuttle Tiles:
-- Silica fiber insulation
offers low heat conduction.
Columbia: Feb. 1, 2003
100 m
Chapter 1 - 22
MAGNETIC Response to an applied magnetic field
Chapter 1 - 23
OPTICAL
Light transmittance properties
(e.g. index of refraction, reflectivity)
Transmittance:
-- Aluminum oxide may be transparent, translucent, or
opaque depending on the material structure.
single crystal
polycrystal:
low porosity
polycrystal:
high porosity
Chapter 1 - 24
DETERIORATIVE
Stress & Saltwater...
-- causes cracks!
Adapted from chapter-opening photograph,
Chapter 16, Callister & Rethwisch 3e.
(from Marine Corrosion, Causes, and
Prevention, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1975.)
Chapter 1 - 25
The Materials Selection Process
1. Pick Application
Determine required Properties
Properties: mechanical, electrical, thermal,
magnetic, optical, deteriorative.
2. Properties
Identify candidate Material(s)
Material: structure, composition.
3. Material
Identify required Processing
Processing: changes structure and overall shape
ex: casting, sintering, vapor deposition, doping
forming, joining, annealing.
Chapter 1 - 26
SUMMARY
Course Goals:
Use the right material for the job.
Understand the relation between properties,
structure, and processing.
Recognize new design opportunities offered
by materials selection.
Chapter 1 - 27