terms Glossary
most-useful
deflnes likely to be
litltis particutar Uook'.especiallyterms
be derio.ufi *ott oft* and cannot
defined
ililnuJoai"n' rerms.arebook'
tt. ot.a in this
iil.itl.t.v
biologY
e, m.anittgr,.utn within
U.vo-na its scope' Pronunciapronuncraprovided for-words whose
guides should be
ltt oii""t.
glossarY
but a keY at the end of the
,iJ.t.
,
itt"t
,
r't"i.t"l"*
t.tter sequences. within
i'iip'l'i..a.a' ric:*' f-:'-t:d
of a term'
tft. t"..,iing
Iigure"
F*::
i".in"*
i.'i.ir.r","
ng"ures in the Atlas
(P' 329)'
Surface nnatomY
of
mental and motor
orosressing to severe losses of
death'
ind ultimatelY.
a sudden
acute Pertaining to a disorder with
"-"nr.,, t"t.t. Jffects' and brief duration'
ComDare cilatt
- hronic'
-
process lead-ing
tuotutionary
-*i"lit. .u"urishment of species character$trcs
^d;#ffi"
irt.i?.*t i"i"r;al
and reproduction' 2' Any
or behavior
lilracterirtic of anatomy' physiology'
;;i;;;;;;;
and riProduction' 3'.A
a receptor adjusts lts t" the prevailing level of
dark adaptatiorr of the eve' '
;rvivai
].1.i,' "t"."rt
in which
:ilili'il;;;;p"""
iiffitiiit, "tr i
"--#ii"*"ia trte median plane' such as bringing
"dd";','i^#""("r"buc-'ttttn)idovementojlugav
position'
ift #';;tn;;irom a ipread-legged
(fis.9,8)
the
The.anterior two-thirds of
of the anterior lobe
secretes
iuberalis; synthesizes and
"aJii?yplprtvtis- consrsung
nituitarv qland,
';;;;t!
;#;;';;t;;' tdrotropin' adrenocorticotropin'
fi",i;* l;"-"te, and piolactin' (69' s' 2)
Amolecule
'"':Ji;;;,.i';r;inin'' tiuo"'
"a"i"ti*,iipiittprtote(Arp) and three phosphate-nergy-transler
gtffi if't" f"lttions as a universaln ets phosp-hate
energy i i
1
cavitv Thebody cavitYbetween the
g* *d pdni. btiT. (lg' 1 14) .^- .,
coilectiie name for the
;;#;
petuic cuvitiesr
"nJ
:r.
;;;;il;.;;,ie
(frq.
1.14)
wlrich.constitll:
diaphragm and
part away from the
iiJ*.L."iirtu"dy
arm away
oiane,-as in taising the right
Iil"Jii" p"r"'t.ine ristrt(!q,lr!1.,,ith
w
H' ;il;il;
ill i" *",rt.t
ioi.*u*pt.,
.
;ganissociited
*"iperforming.a
reiated
ttt. ttair, nails' and sweat
fi;,i*Hr:x**.'"+*in.,u.
nerve fibers' and some
Jiawmp.trt*it
'iii.i,r,i"ttP*ed
of choline and an
e(AChE) (ASS-eh-tili-CO-
An enzyme found in sYnaPttc
t6ur"..piic cells that breaks
stoPs sYnaPtic signal
l""i'i,"
;;1.t;1#;i
such as
that stains with acidic dyes'
acidoPhil (fig' t8'3)
(ah-Sfg-nur) A gland in whicn
acinus'
.ells form a dilited sac or
ilell
3,30)
"iids-in-nur) a tac ofsecretory cells at the
(frg' 3'29)
,r'enJof a gland duct'
"Th.
of the shoulder'
"Pex
protein that
tl;.;;;
i. nft*.*"* i"bacelluiar
and interacts with
il:H*fi;..l,;PPort
;11#in;;-.'rfu ii'nv"'llllo-.'::'.:^'.'u'i*
i-t"o"h""t in
"ilii'
tnr"iit."i
""i""s
ta".t.",, ."a
frltou.ttnt
a muscle.
muscle
tytokinesis' See also
produced by the contracuon
j: j:jih
A raprd.voltase. chanii
uti.ny r-everses electrical
lplii,":iia
#*ut*J
has a self'propagat'-nC
u
contraction
such as phagoqtosis'
tttu.ting
muscle cells.
*u*
tg":t thll
n ^of excitation in - erve
molecule; brietly captures
it to other chemical reactions'
it""l, *a
"
;"dil;;;t"t*iftri diPhosPhate and a free
i'f to
tottl*t gtoop upon hydrolysis'
adiiocyie o fu'::l:-^ -onnective rissue composed
adipose. tisrue l t?i',T#;;.]"1.-ing. a.ral'
nredominantlY ot adtPr
**^ln
An endocrine gland-
oI an
pole of each kidney; consists
"d'fi;i;;J"'i'^i-onie-'"tl
,h:. ,opt'ior
inner adrenal medulla'
outer adrenal cortex and
origins'
functions and embrvonic
(frg' i8.8)
Any of several kinds of
"etl
"auiiStem r*ii.ted cells that poputatg ltre u9i1s.
ll,l""^-rt"i. rrtev muitipiy and differentiate to
or ormar
t.ii"....ut that are lost to damagehavenmore
Adult stem cells
."irtr",
embrvonic
;;;;i;i;ental than potential eil'
,i,,1lto emdryonic stem c
-""n-rrsn-"ttl Loose connective
the outermost sheath around
iJil6;;;i;
"'""tiin
itit""tt'
ffiffi
i'i.-?rit
'*'iirrt. rot,titg
"dtiliiil"iff
H;";;;il;: a blood vessel or the esophagus'
i*ty'tng toward' ^ aferent nervous
-'"*ni.tt.*ti sig"nals towardsin central'neurcns'the
"rzu.ii-;fr"'nt ar er iotes' which carrv biood
:;;;;;';A
t
toward
a
tissue'
neuron'
afferent neuron See sensorv
occur with the
ll't"'i""'A."".n;nges in the btdy that development'
in'r'ai'g gio*th'
"t';*"";';lili;:'
ii"jj, rr";'!.g'"r
ukocvte
:::fr',l,'.I'"n "fifn}"";t' *" lethat lack spectttc
""'ii"t""ii"lw.s and monoqtes)
t1p es.
)ioit"t*i. gtt"ules' (fig' 19'1)
air sac
d##*iil:;;t-on-t"')"r' A m'icroscopicsocket
""""'iirt.
acinus' 3 A Pit or
small
4' Any
i" u"".,"'*tt "i a tooth socket'
"
anatomical sPace'
(AD) Arrs-hY--l')
AI,ilil;;[";*isease of- t(he senescent brain'
'""l"n.n.rutiut d
'
and
ffi;iil;;t;;ing *itr' memory laPses
|
waters" that breaks
(frs,4,12)
to* pvY:Tlll:ld,'. il,:ltJ:ffi:',T,
"-i'"i*='
of a tubular organ sucn as
uterine tube.
An anatomical
""'l'o"nu""rg.n.t, the opposite of a branch; a point
'"#il;'t;"iah-NASS-tih-Mo-sis)
viisels-merge and combine
or whereiwo netves or ducts
(fig' 21'12)
converge.
position A reterence posture on which
*i.* i*" ti""a
ii,.irii""iu*"ms
anatomical
"'-.ttr.i"
tl*aardized anatomical terminology
position is
i, L"t.a. A subject in anatomical
arms'down
feet flat on the floor'
the palms and eyes directed
ioliJ ria.t,
forward. (fig' 1'8)
studv
iitucture of the bodv' 2' rhe
:ffiil;;',h-;ie
*a
-'--titol,ut.'
"""i;;;-i:
of
m-orpholoev'
or hemoglobin'
^ a(-att-yot-'i'-u*)
- tntiency of erythrolytes bulging point
A weak'
ot blood vessel that
in the wall of a ht*t tnntbt'
of hemorrhage' (fi g' 21'3),
vessels'
The growth of new blood
-""L-olrt
postnatallv'
pr.n"tuuy ind
vessels
process of uisualizing blood
See also
*rtii-'a
ilffi;
#;;i;;,il'
#i;;;;;;
*gffiffii;t ft!
and
substance
hv iniectins them wrm a radiopaque
them with X-ravs' (hg' r's;
litotl,gtup[i"g
the ,tit-tantaqonist l, A muscie rhat opposes as aPhormone^
^2' Anv asent' such
""T;;;;;;i"int'
or drug' that oPPoses another'
um) The re gion
ii-N -ttr' - eRAv-kee'
the forearm'
fiom elbow to wrist;
i' Pertaining to the front (facial-abdominal
aL'
-"-.'rp
humir body ; als o cdled v'entr
*O
"r':'t embryos' 2' Pertaining to the head
i"
"".;il:iilil'
*,"ri"i
.r'p..iluy
tni
of nonhuman
{tl}t'ro,r," n.*e
anteriorroot Abranchc
that joins the
side' comp,gttq
suinal cord on its anterior
?f,T:t"t
root' (ng' rt'ru't
,ierve fibers; also called ventrat
oitt" gu-tnu gtobulin class
*"'r"rtuii..tt''*ith
lood
"t,ilH;'T;'*tn an antige-n; foundoin tthe burfaces'
; other body iuids' and n he s
ffi;;'
;i;il;l;'k"'n"
t
*'""'.".1i]i'.0,r*
antieen (AN-tih-jen) Iili,H;
an immune
"""f,titn, io'*
airtiuoay a"airiggering
resDOnse.
is"I:;;."ting
-"-ir,ug'o.pi"t
"n
and senescence'
r,itg' 2' A gland
i;;:il"
Amebalike crawlingof cells
""'r;;;i;"k;c1tes by means of pseudopods ,
"-;;;iJ;;;ent
that surrounds
A uansparent membrane
"""irtTi.tpj"pr"i fetus and. contains the amniotic
"-;i;;
during iabor'
cell
(APC)
ai antisen
A celi that
and displays fragments -
;,lJtri*:l',ffi *:l"m*1"?''1":r:":Hlymphocytes'
such
' -r
A saccular o- pouchlike space'
the stomach or in an
as at the inferior end of
ovarian follicle'
that extends fromthe Ieft
antrum
'* il^*iitrt i" t
".#*f;'tgt;eryhe lower abdominal-cavity and
eive;;;l" ail other arteries of the systemic
Zirculation' (fig' 21'15)
G-25