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3 Pages

jour ch8

Course: JOUR 328, Spring 2012
School: South Carolina
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Word Count: 273

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Chapter8 ThePublicRela3onsProcess Research Research Planning/Ac3on Communica3on Evalua3on Research Researchisthesystema3ccollec3onand interpreta3onofinforma3ontoincrease understanding Research Researchisthecontrolled,objec-ve,and systema-cgatheringofinforma3onforthe purposeofdescribingandunderstanding Evalua3on Evalua3onisthesystema3cassessmentofa programanditsresults Measurementofresultsagainstobjec3ves...

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Chapter8 ThePublicRela3onsProcess Research Research Planning/Ac3on Communica3on Evalua3on Research Researchisthesystema3ccollec3onand interpreta3onofinforma3ontoincrease understanding Research Researchisthecontrolled,objec-ve,and systema-cgatheringofinforma3onforthe purposeofdescribingandunderstanding Evalua3on Evalua3onisthesystema3cassessmentofa programanditsresults Measurementofresultsagainstobjec3ves Keyaccountability ResearchWhyDoWeUse? Researchconductedtodo: 1. Describeaprocess 2. Explainwhysomethinghappened 3. Predictwhatwillprobablyhappen 1 ResearchTypes Applied(Primary) Strategicdevelopprogramobjec3ves Evalua3vetofindifprogramgoalswere accomplished Basictypesofresearchinpublicrela3ons oPrimary(applied) oSecondary Theore3cal(academic) Conceptualandbuildstheories Secondary Developedbysomeoneelse Primary(applied)newresearch Polls Surveys Interviews FocusGroups Secondarymaterialsgeneratedbyothers Publishedmaterials,records Publicrecords Onlinedatabases Journals,newspapers Advantageinexpensive Survey Surveystoexamineforsomespecific purpose;inspectorconsidercarefully;review indetail FourElementsofasurvey 1.Sample Representa3veofthetotalpublicused 2.Ques3onnaire Thesurveyinstrument 3.Interview Personal,firsthandfeel 4.Analysisofresults Analyzethefindings,validandreliable 2 Survey Samplesegmentofthepopula3on Nonprobabilitysampling Noequalchanceofselec3on Nonscien3fic,informal RandomSampling Simple Allmembersanequalchance Systema3c EveryNthpersononalist Probabilitysampling Equalchanceofbeingselected Scien3fic Stra3fied Surveydifferentsegmentsofthepopula3on Cluster Smallsubsets,geographicregions FocusGroup:ATypeofSurvey FocusGroups Informalresearchmethod Notrepresenta3veofanypublic Basicallyinexpensive FocusGroup Approximately812people Moderatorskilledininterviewing Observethesession Discussopinions,problems,needs Precisionmoredetailedanswers Limitdiscussionto6090minutes SurveyWebBasedResearch In3macyclosertogether Timelinessimmediate Costreducedcosts CNNPoll Doyouseebefereconomic3mesahead? Yes No 3 CNNPoll Doyouseebefereconomic3mesahead? Yes57% No43% Pollsp.157 "Popularpoli3calpolls,inpar3cular,are fraughtwithproblems.Theycannotpredict outcomesscien3fically.Rather,theyprovidea snapshot,freezingaltudesatacertainpoint in3me." Polls Useofsta3s3cs Facts Demographics Understandingpublicopinion PollsandSta3s3cs Usedduringthepastelec3on Pollswereusedtodescribeandpredict everything! Communica3onAudits Theevalua3onoftheen3recommunica3on ac3vityofanorganiza3on Analysisofallcommunica3onac3vi3es Informalinterviewswithmanagementand employees Informalinterviewswithvariousstakeholders; media,communityleaders,influen3alpersonsin theindustry 4 Evalua3on Accountabilitytakingresponsibilityfor achievingtheperformancepromised. Evalua3on Measurementofproduc3on Measurementofmessageexposure Measurementofaudienceawareness Measurementofaudiencealtudes Measurementofaudienceac3on MeasurementofProduc3on Howmuchmaterialproduced? Newsreleases Featurestories MeasurementofMessage Exposure Numberofplacementsandwhere HitsontheInternet Adver3singequivalency Requestsand800numbers Costperperson Audienceafendance Howmuchmaterialwasdistributed? Newsreleasestohowmanynewssources Annualreportnumbers MeasurementofAudience Awareness Measurewhetherthetargetaudience Receivedthemessage Paidafen3ontothemessage Understoodthemessage Retainedthemessageinanyshapeofform MeasurementofAudience Altudes Audiencealtudesandopinionsbefore, duringandaqerapublicrela3onscampaign Baselinestudyshowsthepercentage differencesinaltudesasaresultofthe campaign 5 MeasurementofAudienceAc3on Achieveorganiza3onalobjec3ves Afendevents Productssold Fundsraised Legisla3onpassed 6
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South Carolina - RUSS - 122
121 1.Lesson 4 Review KEYShe always asks about my work. I answer that it's very interesting, but difficult. . , , . Does he do homework in the dormitory? No, he usually doesn't do homework, maybe because he's a senior. ? , , . I study in the library be
South Carolina - RUSS - 122
121 1. 2.Lesson 4 ReviewShe always asks about my work. I answer that it's very interesting, but difficult. Does he do homework in the dormitory? No, he usually doesn't do homework, maybe because he's a senior. I study in the library because I also work
South Carolina - RUSS - 122
South Carolina - RUSS - 122
1ST CONJUGATION \ (-)* \ \ \ (-) \ 2ND CONJUGATION \ (-)* (-) * * *
South Carolina - RUSS - 122
KEYS TO THE REVIEW SHEET: Use one of the following verbs (/) to SAY THAT. 1. you are a student at USC. . 2. Mark and Sara study every day. .3. your area of studies is political science /economics/international relations/etc. / .4. you usually study at
South Carolina - RUSS - 122
1. With the verbs below, (1) form a question using question words you know (, , , / , etc.) and (2) answer your question with a full sentence. (24 pts) Q:_ A:_ Q:_ A:_ Q:_ A:_ Q:_ A:_ Use one of the following verbs (/) to say that. 1. You are a student at
South Carolina - RUSS - 122
1ST CONJUGATION \ \ \ \ \ 2ND CONJUGATION \
South Carolina - RUSS - 122
South Carolina - RUSS - 122
RUSS 121 Midterm review-nominative and prepositional endings Instructions: For each phrase given in the nominative singular, change endings as appropriate to transform the phrase into the prepositional singular, nominative plural, and prepositional plural
South Carolina - RUSS - 122
South Carolina - RUSS - 122
South Carolina - RUSS - 122
South Carolina - RUSS - 122
Crispy garlicky hot shrimp with fresh chips chosen by Jacques for the tsar 7-letter rule: write -, not -!
South Carolina - RUSS - 122
South Carolina - RUSS - 122
201 _ : ( ?) . . . . 20 . . ( ) . . . . 20 . . ( ) . . . . 20 . . ( ) . . . . 20 . . ( ) . . . . 20 . . : ( ?) ? ? ? 20 ? ? ( ) . . . 20 . ( ) 20 . ( ) . 20 . ( ) . . . 20 .
South Carolina - RUSS - 122
: ( ?) ? ? ? 20 ? ?( ) . . . 20 . ( ) 20 . ( ) . 20 . ( ) . . . 20 .
South Carolina - RUSS - 122
(Declension) Declension of nouns (that is, putting them in different cases ) involves adding endings to the root of the word (or, more properly, to the stem ). Before adding a new ending, you need to: know the gender of the noun remove any existing endin
South Carolina - RUSS - 122
122 Exam Practice I. Fill in the blanks with a PAST-TENSE verb. Think carefully about context and aspect.1. ? , _. 2. ? , _ . 3. ? , _ . II. Translate. 1. He was born in Russia but he grew up in France. 2. I applied to the university five years ago. 3. S
South Carolina - RUSS - 122
122 Final Review Key 6 1. Who has hot water? -I don't have hot water, but the ceiling at our place is very high. ? - , . Do you (plural) want to watch television? -No, I want to read and Sasha wants to write letters. ? -, , . This Russian student doesn't
South Carolina - RUSS - 122
122 6 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 7 6.Final ReviewWho has hot water? -I don't have hot water, but the ceiling at our place is very high. Do you (plural) want to watch television? -No, I want to read and Sasha wants to write letters. This Russian student doesn't hav
South Carolina - RUSS - 122
122Lesson 9 Review ? What's worth reviewing? -personal pronouns, question words in all cases -forms of the instrumental case (be able to write "with your new friends," etc.) -uses of the imperfective and perfective aspects -conjugations of verbs highli
South Carolina - RUSS - 122
122 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.Lesson 9 ReviewHe was drinking vodka with these Russian students. His parents weren't home. I had lunch yesterday with his young mother and his old teachers. [focus on the plain fact that you had lunch;
South Carolina - RUSS - 122
122 Midterm review I) Personal pronouns. You should be able to give the personal pronouns in the genitive, accusative, and/or dative cases. Nominative See p. 419 in the text. II) Verb conjugations. Write out present-tense conjugations for , , , , , . is
South Carolina - RUSS - 122
122 Midterm review Personal pronouns. You should be able to give the personal pronouns in the genitive, accusative, and/or dative cases. Nominative Accusative _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Genitive _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Dative _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _Verb conjugations. Write
South Carolina - RUSS - 122
122 2010 1. 6We don't have new books, but we have old newspapers. , . Use genitive with ; use nominative to express what you do have. Did you see them? -Yes, they're in the living room. ? -, . His mother has a beautiful apartment in Moscow, but she doe
South Carolina - RUSS - 122
122 2010 1. 2. 3. 4. 7 1. 2. 3. 4. 6We don't have new books, but we have old newspapers. Did you see them? -Yes, they're in the living room. His mother has a beautiful apartment in Moscow, but she doesn't have a dacha. There is no hot water in our hous
South Carolina - RUSS - 122
VI.Put into the genitive case. (based on p. 197 in SAM) Be sure to review pp. 193-196 and 233-238 in the text. Keep in mind the following rules: PLURAL: Ends in vowel: remove vowel sound (watch spelling!) > , > , > Ends in , , , , : add - (Jacques ships
South Carolina - RUSS - 122
VI.Put into the accusative case. (based on p. 197 in SAM) Be sure to review pp. 233-234 in the text. Keep in mind the following rules: SINGULAR: Masc. anim. = genitive endings Masc. inanimate = nominative endings Feminine: ">, >" > Neuter = nominative en
South Carolina - RUSS - 122
122 Unit 7 Review Sentences - Key nominative accusative fem. sg. a > , > , stays pl. animate: endings like genitive masc. sg. animate: endings like gen. pl. animate: endings like genitive pl. animate: endings like genitive masc. sg. inanimate: endings l
South Carolina - RUSS - 122
122 Unit 7 Review Sentences Put each phrase in the accusative. new friends - books -> Do the new friends have books? No, they do not have books. - - - - - 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. We have friends in Moscow, but we don't have friends in Fran
South Carolina - RUSS - 122
: 10 1. Resemblance Remember Accusative case for ANIMATE nouns has special rules. Masculine singular animate and all animate plurals look like genitive case: masc. sing. = gen. sing. / Plurals = gen. plural (accusative case of feminine singular nouns: "a
South Carolina - RUSS - 122
: 9 ? 1. Practice with large numbers NOTE: remember the numbers rule! 1. 2. 3. 4.3,000 17,000 12,500 2,900 3,100 4,2002,400 . 15,500 7,600 3,500 6,400 3,600 , ; - ; 35 ; 125 18 ; 150 1. Practice with large numbers NOTE: remember the numbers rule: gen.
South Carolina - RUSS - 122
122 2009 Homework Key Unit 8 I. 1.2.3. 4. 5. ? . ? Note = who else . . / ? / . ? , . . ? . ? . ? .II. As the SAM says, be sure to check whether the noun is in the nominative (used with ) or genitive (used with ). Don't be tricked by resemblences betw
South Carolina - RUSS - 122
Russian 122Taming the AccusativeSingularMasculine animate > looks like genitive singular . Masculine inanimate, any neuter > looks like nominative singular . . Feminine: " to , to , stays the same" . . .PluralAny animate noun (gender doesn't matter!)
South Carolina - RUSS - 122
122 Unit 7 Review Sentences - Key 1. We have friends in Moscow, but we don't have friends in France. , . Remember: + nominative, + genitive! My uncle is an engineer and my aunt is a schooteacher. They have three children. , - . . Remember the 3 special n
South Carolina - RUSS - 122
122 Unit 7 Review Sentences 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. We have friends in Moscow, but we don't have friends in France. My uncle is an engineer and my aunt is a schooteacher. They have three children. My wife's cousin (male) is a manager. He has one son. His
South Carolina - RUSS - 122
: 7 Note that this key includes only about the first half of most exercises. Feel free to check your answers for the first few items before completing each exercise on your own! 1. 1. , , , , 2. , , , 2. Dative case of pronouns 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 3. Genitive
South Carolina - RUSS - 122
122 Also take care to distinguish between personal pronouns (I/me, you, he/him, etc.) and other possessive pronouns (my, your, his, etc.). Personal pronouns (genitive) (me) (us) (you) (you) / (him/her) (them) . I have a brother. ("by me exists brother")
South Carolina - RUSS - 122
122 2009 1. 2.Unit 6 review answer keyDoes your dad have a house? -No, but his friend has two houses. ? -, . Does he have books? -Yes, but he doesn't have this good big dictionary. ? - [or ], . My mother has a new car. My daughter has two cars. I don't
South Carolina - RUSS - 122
122Unit 6 ReviewMake mini-dialogues according to the model: a ! [to the neighbor] ? /, . ? . ? !Use these words: , , , , 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Does your dad have a house? -No, but his friend has two houses. Does he have books? -Yes, but he doesn't have this
South Carolina - RUSS - 122
6 General tips: -double-check your adjective and nouns endings - do they agree for gender, number, case? -remember to use nominative with and genitive with -3rd-person personal pronouns (, , ) have an - prefix after prepositions: . He/it isn't here. . He
South Carolina - HIST - 102
The Second Industrial Revolution Key Elements:A. chemicals; B. electricity; C. oil; D. steelEffects:new products 2) large-scale industry 3) growth in transportation network `global' market 4) population increase 5) emigration + increased urbanization 6
South Carolina - HIST - 102
The (First) Industrial Revolution Starts in Britain (1780s on): why?1) Agricultural Revolution 2) Laissez-faire economics 3) technological innovation machines (e.g. Spinning Jenny) + steam power 4) good transport infrastructure 5) existing maritime trade
South Carolina - HIST - 102
HIST 102 (Sections 10-18) Test 1 BRIEFING: Multiple choice, 25 questions, based on the lectures (the outlines for which see 1-7 on Blackboard, course documents), two or three questions per lecture. THINGS TO WATCH OUT FOR: Turn up on Wednesday, 8 February
South Carolina - HIST - 102
Restoration and RevolutionRestoration:Congress of Europe (1815) Count Metternich Concert of Europe (Congress System) aim to restore old order + maintain status quo Pressures on status quo: 1) liberalism; 2) radicalism; 3) nationalism; 4) romanticism-R
South Carolina - HIST - 102
Rise and Fall of NapoleonRise to Power:-promoted to become successful general in 1790s involved in political coup, 1799 becomes First Consul Crowns himself Emperor, 1804Reforms:administrative; legal; educational - Concordat with Papacy, 1801-Wars t
South Carolina - HIST - 102
The French RevolutionThreats to the Old Regime: 1) Enlightenment; 2) lower-class unrest; 3) financialcrisisEvents:-May 1789 Estates General meet (1st = clergy; 2nd = nobility; 3rd = `The People') 17 June 1789 3rd Estate form National Assembly 20 June
South Carolina - HIST - 102
The EnlightenmentReason in Human Affairs The Philosophes:-Montesquieu (1689-1755) balance of political power Diderot (1713-85) Encyclopedia Voltaire (1694-1778) freedom of expression Rousseau (1712-78 The Social Contract (1762) Russia Catherine the Gre
South Carolina - HIST - 102
The Scientific RevolutionElements:-new technology (precision instruments) `Scientific Method' (inductive reasoning)Major Figures:-Copernicus (1473-1543) Heliocentrism Kepler (1571-1630) Laws of Planetary Motion Galileo (1564-1642) Principle of Inert
South Carolina - HIST - 102
Absolutism and the Balance of PowerAbsolutist States "Divine Right of Kings"-France Bourbons (Louis XIV) Versailles `system'; control of press, religion, politics Prussia Hohenzollerns (Frederick I) - Junkers (nobles); main focus on army Austria Habsbu
South Carolina - PYSC - 410
Frameset OverviewThe Blackboard Learn environment includes a header frame with images and buttons customized by the institution and tabs that navigate to different areas within Blackboard Learn. Clicking on a tab will open that area in the content frame.
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