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Lecture 23
Course: SOC 120, Spring 2011School: University of...
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including SpousalMedicareandSocialSecuritybenefits Taxbenefits Accesstoemployerhealthinsurance Antidiscriminationstatutes Housing Immigrationprivileges Inheritance Visitation,decisionmaking,andcustoderslater RightsandBenefitsConferredbyMarriage Maritalstatusfactorsintomorethan1000federalstatutes Severalhundredbenefits(exactnumberindispute)accruetomarriedindividuals, 03:04 WhatsatStake?...
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below including study guides, practice problems, reference materials, practice exams, textbook help and tutor support.
including
SpousalMedicareandSocialSecuritybenefits
Taxbenefits
Accesstoemployerhealthinsurance
Antidiscriminationstatutes
Housing
Immigrationprivileges
Inheritance
Visitation,decisionmaking,andcustoderslater
RightsandBenefitsConferredbyMarriage
Maritalstatusfactorsintomorethan1000federalstatutes
Severalhundredbenefits(exactnumberindispute)accruetomarriedindividuals, 03:04
WhatsatStake?
Gaymarriagedebateiscomplexandacrimonious
Noconsensusamongparticipantsaboutwhatsatstake
Materialconcerns?
Moralconcerns?
Symbolicconcerns?
Wellstartwithmaterialconcernsandrevisitothyfortheinfirm
Visitation,decisionmaking,andcustodyforchildren
LegalObligationsEntailedinMarriage
Legalresponsibilitiesoffamilymembers,especiallytodependents
Careandnurture
Financialsupport
Decisionmakinginhealthcare,education,upbringing
Physicalhousing,clothing,andfeeding
IsMarriageNecessaryforRights?
Marriageisafastwaytoacquirerights
Confersallmaritalrightsandobligationsatonce
Difficultforgayandlesbiancouples
Fewstatesallowgaymarriage
OtherstatesneednotrecognizethesemarriagesFederalDefenseofMarriageAct
1996permitsstatestonotrecognizegaymarriagesformedinotherstates,defines
marriageaslegalunionbetweenmanandwomanonafederallevel
Butmanyoftheserightscouldbeacquiredbyothermeans
Marriagevs.civilunionsvs.piecemealconferral
WhatsNext?
Predictingthefutureisdifficult
Publicopinion:slowlongtermtrendtowardgreaterapprovalofgaymarriage,fairlyclear
cohortreplacementscenario
Comparablepacetoacceptanceofinterracialmarriage(whichwaslegalizedby
SupremeCourtwhenmajorityofcountrywasanti)
Legislation:strongtrendtowardpotentlegalbarriers(29stateconstitutionalbansto
date,19morestatesrestrictmarriagetomanandwomanbylaw)
Supremecourtdecision?
Federallegislation?
ProGayMarriageArguments
Theequalityargument:toomanyimportantrightsaretiedtomarriagetodenyaccess
tothoserightsonthebasisofsexualpreferenceisdiscrimination
Thesymbolicargument:gaymarriagemostfullyteststhededicationofpeoplewho
tothe1,100federalbenefitsaccordedmarriage
Asidefromthemanyrightsaccordedtomarriedpeople,marriageisaprivilegedstatus
arenotgaytofullequalityforgaypeople
Civilunionsareaseparatebutequalandsecondclasssolution:doesnotallowaccess
inAmericansocietyandshouldbeopentoall
Thequalityofafamilysrelationshipismoreimportantthantheactualstructureofthe
family
AntiGayMarriageArguments
Marriageisnotacreationofthelaw,butofGod,andisdivinelylimitedtoheterosexual
unions
Homosexualityisasinashouldnotbevalidatedthroughtherighttomarry
Marriageisonlyforheterosexualprocreation
Childrenoflesbiansarelesslikelytobechaste
Childrenofgaysandlesbianswillbestigmatized
Gaymarriageendangersheterosexualmarriageabedrockofhumansociety
Slipperyslope1:itwillleadtopolygamy
Slipperyslope2:allowinghomosexualstomarry,wouldleadanypeoplewithcloseties
toapplyfortherighttomarriagebenefits
Slipperyslope3:gaymarriagewillincreasethedivorceratesincegayrelationshipsare
inherentlyunstable
Deeperissues
Marriageasalegalframeworkconfersrightsandobligationsfirstoncouplesbutmarital
statusalsoimplicatesotherrelationships(parenting)
Familylawattemptstoregulatesocialrelationshipsbutmanygroupingsthinkof
themselvesasfamiliesarenotrecognizedasfamiliesbythelaw
810millionchildrenliveingayorlesbianhouseholds,about13%ofallUnitedStates
children
Tensionbetweenformallegalandfunctiondefinitionsofthefamily
FormalLegalDefinitionoftheFamily
Howdoesonebecomepartofsomeonesfamily?
Birth
Marriage
Adoption
Thisistheformallegaldefinitionofthefamilyusedinmostcourts
FunctionalDefinitionoftheFamily
Minow(1991)advocatesthatcourtsmovetoafunctionallegaldefinitionofthefamily:
Meaningthatnonnuclearfamilyrelationshipsthatsharetheessentialcharacteristicsof
traditionalfamiliesberecognizedasdefactofamiliesshareaffectandresources,
considereachotherfamilymembers,andpresentthemselvesasfamilymemberstothe
community
Howmightthisworkinpractice?
03:04
03:04
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