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Course: ANTH 220, Fall 2010School: UNC
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September Tuesday, 14, 2010 3:33 PM The Early Paleolithic Colonization of the New World Major Developments Acheulean technology Controlled use of fire Dispersal of hominins out of Africa Key Questions What hominid forms first colonized the world outside Africa? Intermediate forms of the genus Homo Homo ergaster Homo erectus How can we understand the early hominin dispersal? Dispersal happened rapidly after the...
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September Tuesday, 14, 2010
3:33 PM
The Early Paleolithic Colonization of the New World
Major Developments
Acheulean technology
Controlled use of fire
Dispersal of hominins out of Africa
Key Questions
What hominid forms first colonized the world outside Africa?
Intermediate forms of the genus Homo
Homo ergaster
Homo erectus
How can we understand the early hominin dispersal?
Dispersal happened rapidly after the development of intermediate forms
Why did early hominins leave Africa?
Two perspectives
What factors caused hominin range expansion beyond sub-Saharan Africa?
Potential Casual Factors
Population increase
The Saharan "pump"
Environmental instability
Alternate dry and wet periods
Key Terms
Acheulian Technology
Curated technologies
Dispersal and Radiation
Acheulean Technology
Simple and bifacial tools
Curated assemblage
Formal tools
Symmetrical forms
Standardization
Acheulean Tools Compared to Oldowan tools
Acheulean tools were prefabricated more and sophisticated than Oldowan
Curated Technologies
Technology with formal tools that can be used for extended periods of time and that can be
refurbished
Contrasts with expedient tools that are used for short periods and then discarded
1.4mya : Evidence of fire use
Chesowanja, Kenya
Lumps of burned clay in association with stone tools and animal bones
Radiation and Dispersal
Radiation
Several species evolve from common ancestor
Each daughter species occupies different ecological niche
Dispersal
Single species dramatically expands geographic range and ecological niches
Potential Facilitating Factors to Dispersal
Skeletal adaptations to efficient long distance travel
Wetter periods reducing desert areas
Stone tool technology
Use of fire
Protection
Cooking
Increased intelligence and social behaviors
Retention of information beyond "face-to-face" interactions
Allow survival in areas of seasonal scarcity by dispersal
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