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Lecture 8 Slides
Course: COM DIS 110, Fall 2011School: Wisconsin
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Diagnostics Review I Diagnostics II Otoacoustic Emissions, OAE Screening vs. Evaluation: Determine possibility of hearing loss vs. nature and treatment of hearing loss. Types of hearing loss: Conductive outer/middle ear; Sensorineural cochlea or beyond; Mixed some of both Diagnostics: Case history, otoscopic evaluation, tympanogram, audiogram, word recognition score Air-Bone Gap: Difference between airborne...
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Diagnostics Review I
Diagnostics II
Otoacoustic Emissions, OAE
Screening vs. Evaluation: Determine possibility of hearing loss vs. nature and treatment of hearing loss. Types of hearing loss: Conductive outer/middle ear; Sensorineural cochlea or beyond; Mixed some of both Diagnostics: Case history, otoscopic evaluation, tympanogram, audiogram, word recognition score Air-Bone Gap: Difference between airborne and bone conduction thresholds. Presence of air-bone gap indicates a conductive loss. Common causes of hearing loss: Conductive otitis media, otosclerosis; Sensorineural: Meniere's disease, presbycusis
Low level acoustic signals of cochlear origin that may be recorded in the closed ear canal. First report: David Kemp (1978). Stimulated acoustic emissions from within the human auditory system. J Acoust Soc Am. 64:1386-1391. Hearing Screening in newborns
Path of OAE
Source of OAE
Rocking motion of OHCs causes basilar membrane to vibrate, produces sound that travels out the ear canal
OHCs
OAE: Newborn Screening
OAE for Audiometric Screening
OAE are present if hearing is normal OAEs only measure cochlear function, not hearing. OAE not would detect a hearing loss due to nerve damage
Diagnostics II
Auditory Brainstem Response, ABRs
The ABR is a waveform that is formed by the synchronous electric activity of neurons in various parts of the auditory brainstem. They are typically elicited by acoustic signals that trigger a neural response, but they do not imply hearing. Auditory brainstem response (ABR) most used in audiology. Used for diagnostic assessment, difficult to test patients, monitoring hearing changes (noise exposure, meds, intraoperative)
ABR Test
ABR Parameters
Amplitude and Latency
ABR: Hearing Loss
Abnormal amplitude and latency indication of hearing loss.
ABR: Acoustic Neuroma
Tumor of Auditory Nerve
3000 cases/year in U.S. Behavioral symptoms: vertigo (dizzyness), tinnitus (ringing in ears), hearing loss Clinical evaluation: No air-bone gap, abnormal ABR Treatment: Surgery
ABR: Auditory Neuroma
ABR: Normal-Hearing Infant to Adult
V
Adult
7 months
5 months
Wave V has longer latency for normal hearing newborn compared to adult
Newborn
ABR: Infant Screening
ABR: Forensics
PASS
0.25 V
FAIL Absent
8.28 msec
PASS
0.25 V 10.26 msec
FAIL Delayed
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Wisconsin - COM DIS - 110
Review Diagnostics IIOtoacoustic Emission (OAE)Low-level acoustic signal of cochlear origin recorded in ear canal. Caused by rocking motion of OHCs Used for audiometric screening of newborns Not a measure of hearingHearing InstrumentsHearing instrumen
Wisconsin - COM DIS - 110
Hearing Aids ReviewComponents of a hearing aid microphone, amplifier, receiver, battery Modern day hearing aids ITE aids, programmable, digital Hearing aids vs. assistive listening devices (amplification at ear vs. at source) vs. implants Who benefits an
Wisconsin - COM DIS - 110
REVIEW 19/21/11Major Points: Fundamental problem of making sense of our acoustic surroundings Frequency analysis is key to making sense of our acoustic surroundings Each mode of vibration (fingerprint for sound source) corresponds to a particular freque
Wisconsin - COM DIS - 110
Review 2 for Exam 1Sensorineural Hearing Loss Most Common Causes Acoustic trauma Noise exposure Presbycusis most commonly hair cell damage for sensorineural Loss of frequency selectivity (hear out individual frequencies) Loudness recruitment (Loudness ch
Wisconsin - COM DIS - 110
Augmentative and Alternative Communication Systems for Individuals with Severe Communication Impairments:Jamie Murray-Branch, MA,CCC Department of Communicative Disorders Clinical Professor jmurrayb@wisc.eduWho can benefit from Augmentative Communicatio
Wisconsin - COM DIS - 110
http:/www.drreiter.com/audiology-rapImpairment in Social Interaction Impairment in Communication Repetitive or stereotyped behaviors Differences in development appear prior to age 31in 110 individuals diagnosed with ASD Lots of unanswered questions:> C
Wisconsin - COM DIS - 110
20:32 Pervasive Developmental Disorders (Autism Spectrum) a group of disorders characterized by delays or impairments in communication, social behaviors, and cognitive development includes Autism, Asperger's syndrome, Rett's syndrome & Childhood disintegr
Wisconsin - COM DIS - 110
Autism DefinitionAbnormal or impaired development prior to age 3 that involves (1) delays or abnormal functioning in social interaction, (2) deficits in language and communication, and (3) restricted interests/repetitive behaviors A `spectrum' of disorde
Wisconsin - COM DIS - 110
Intellectual DisabilityA disability characterized by significant limitations both in intellectual functioning and in adaptive behavior as expressed in conceptual, social, and practical adaptive skills. This disability originates before the age of 18.Ame
Wisconsin - COM DIS - 110
12/7/2010What is Culture?CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS IN COMMUNICATIVE DISORDERSPeggy Rosin, M.S., CCC-SP UW-Madison Department of Communicative Disorders Learned as a consequence of being a member of a group Values and beliefs underlie overt behaviors Sha
Wisconsin - COM DIS - 110
Overview Traumatic Brain Injury Epidemiology Diagnosis Ways the brain is protected Ways the brain is injured Ways behavior is affected Psychosocial EffectsEpidemiology of TBI Definition: Damage to the brain resulting from an outside source Leading caus
Wisconsin - COM DIS - 110
Review: Language StructurePhonology: rules for what sounds are in the language and how they can be combined (phoneme = smallest sound unit, e.g. py in happy) Morphology: rules of word formation (morpheme = smallest meaningful unit, e.g. ing in running) S
Wisconsin - COM DIS - 110
Language Delays and Disorders in ChildrenTrici Schraeder, MS, CCC-SLP CCCUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison WisconsinDepartment of Communicative DisordersResearch Based Lecture20 resources are shown in the last 4 power point slidesNine Disorder Areas of
Wisconsin - COM DIS - 110
Language ReviewLanguage Structure Fourakis02:48Language: A system of communicating with other people using sounds, symbols and words in expressing meaning, emotion, idea or thought Phonology: rules for what sounds are in the language and how they can b
Wisconsin - COM DIS - 110
Speech Act (in the Speech Science Sense) An act of communication in which a speaker produces a meaningful sequence of sounds, these sounds impact a listener's ears, and the listener decodes a message identical to the one intended by the speaker.The proce
Wisconsin - COM DIS - 110
Review Language Delays in Children Literacy involves more than learning to read, also involves reading to learn. Best predictors of reading achievement: Phonemic awareness; e.g. rhyming, taking apart words, and vocabulary size. Causes of delayed language
Wisconsin - COM DIS - 110
REVIEW TEST 3AAC20:37know different technologies use of GPS where the individuals location is accessed by the GPS system and the technology that the individual uses can download info on the area and give the person helpful info for communication goal i
Wisconsin - COM DIS - 110
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS as it relates to SPEECH DevelopmentMichelle Quinn, MA, ABD, CCC SLP maquinn@wisc.edu Dept. of Communicative DisordersSpeech/Language Pathologist What we produce as a speaker? Why we speak? What we can observe and measure? Form Sp
Wisconsin - COM DIS - 110
Intro To Voice-Michelle Ciucci19:26Voice: the sound produced by the vocal organs of a vertebrate, especially a human expiration of air through vibrating vocal folds, used in the production of vowels and voiced consonants Voice Disorder: abnormal voice q
Wisconsin - COM DIS - 110
Speech AcousticsOverviewSpectral analysis Spectra of consonants and vowels Speech spectrogram Acoustic phoneticsSpeech AcousticsSpectral AnalysisBreaks down a complex sound waveform into the sum of sinusoidal oscillations and represents each oscillat
Wisconsin - COM DIS - 110
Review: Speech AcousticsSpectral analysis: Gives amplitude of speech at each frequency. Line spectra: A description of the spectra of vowel sounds owing to their rough periodicity. Fundamental frequency: Frequency of repetition, `pitch' frequency. Convey
Wisconsin - COM DIS - 110
Review: Speech ProductionForced vibration: Vibration resulting from a continuously applied driving force. Principle of resonance: Vibration resulting from a sinusoidal driving force is sinusoidal and of the same frequency. It is simply scaled in amplitud
Wisconsin - COM DIS - 110
Review Fluency DisordersCore features: syllable or sound repetitions or prolongations Secondary features: bizarre gestures (grimaces, twitches, gaze shifts, unusual movements) Often resolves itself in childhood Cause is unknown and it may not have a sing
Wisconsin - COM DIS - 110
COM DIS 110Speech DisfluencyDefinition of speech disfluencyA speech disfluency is defined as an interruption or blockage that impairs the normal "rhythm" of speech. These are regarded as normal. They typically coincide with dramatical changes in langua
Wisconsin - COM DIS - 110
Review Phonological DevelopmentDelayed vs. Different Development - unusual errors (gog vs. dog) Children differ primarily in the rate and accuracy of sound acquisition Cooing -> babbling -> first words (1 yr) -> Stops (p,b,t,d,k,g), -> Liquids (l, r) Chi
Wisconsin - COM DIS - 110
Review: Speech PerceptionSpeech is immutable: Speech can undergo a variety of significant distortions and still be understood. (e.g. filtering, clipping, time-reversing, reverberation). Interrupted speech: One exception is speech with time-segments repla
Wisconsin - COM DIS - 110
19:27 Speech disorder vs. language disorder Speech: physical production of sounds Language: difficulty with the meaning of those words or the inability to come up with words know all disorders and their effects on speech and severity and incidence and pre
Wisconsin - COM DIS - 110
Review 1VOICE DISORDERS19:28Phonation: sounds that are produced and the physical acts that are created by the larynx (has to do with voicing) Resonance: occurs in oral or nasal cavities; may result in an abnormality from the palate or the tongue-anythi
Wisconsin - COM DIS - 110
CD110STUTTERING (though there are other Disorders of Fluency)John Westbury Department of Communicative Disorders1CD110 Video clips show what stuttering might sound and look like.Perhaps you've seen the movie My Cousin Vinny (1991) Stuttering in real
Wisconsin - COM DIS - 110
SWALLOWING DISORDERSWhy Speech Pathologist?Common anatomy-speech & swallowLips Tongue Velopharynx Vocal foldsWHAT IS THE ROLE OF THE SPEECH PATHOLOGIST? CD 110 Dana Longstreth M.S. CCCVery different physiology-speech vs swallow Diagnoses with co-exis
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Wisconsin - SOCIOLOGY - 120
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Wisconsin - SOCIOLOGY - 120
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Wisconsin - SOCIOLOGY - 120
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Wisconsin - SOCIOLOGY - 120
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Wisconsin - SOCIOLOGY - 120
Current and future Sociology MajorsCheck out theSOCIOLOGY CAREER PANELThis Thursday! 4pm 8417 Social Sciences- Unsure what to do with your degree? - Marketing your skills to employers - Applying to grad school and volunteer organizations Come meet a g
Wisconsin - SOCIOLOGY - 120
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Wisconsin - SOCIOLOGY - 120
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Wisconsin - SOCIOLOGY - 120
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Wisconsin - SOCIOLOGY - 120
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Wisconsin - SOCIOLOGY - 120
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Wisconsin - SOCIOLOGY - 120
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Wisconsin - SOCIOLOGY - 120
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Wisconsin - SOCIOLOGY - 120
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Wisconsin - SOCIOLOGY - 120
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Wisconsin - SOCIOLOGY - 120
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Wisconsin - SOCIOLOGY - 120
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Wisconsin - SOCIOLOGY - 120
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Wisconsin - SOCIOLOGY - 120
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Wisconsin - SOCIOLOGY - 120
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Wisconsin - SOCIOLOGY - 120
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